scholarly journals Profile of male Brazilian injecting drug users who have sex with men

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Dayrell Ferreira ◽  
Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa ◽  
Francisco I. Bastos ◽  
Sueli Aparecida Mingoti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Multivariate Procedures ◽  
Drug Injecting ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Seropositive

This study aims to characterize the profile of male injecting drug users who have sex with other men (MSM IDUs) recruited through a cross-sectional multi-city survey (AjUDE-Brasil II Project) in six Brazilian cities, in 2000-2001. MSM IDUs were compared to other male IDUs using bivariate and multivariate procedures (logistic regression and answer tree analysis with the CHAID algorithm). Among the 709 male IDUs, 187 (26.4%) reported ever having had sex with other men, while only 37 reported sex with other men in the previous six months. MSM IDUs were more likely to be unemployed (OR = 2.3), to have injected tranquilizers (OR = 3.6), and to be HIV-seropositive (OR = 2.1), compared to other male IDUs. Male same-sex relations in this subgroup appear to be associated with strategies to finance drug consuming habits, including sex for drugs with occasional female partners or obtaining injection paraphernalia from occasional sex partners. Further studies should focus on this especially vulnerable subgroup of IDUs, due to the bidirectional and complex interrelationships between their drug injecting habits and sexual risk behaviors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men and injecting drug users and validation of audio computer-assisted self interview (ACASI) technique in Abuja, Lagos, and Ibadan, Nigeria: Technical report

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Technical Report ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Audio Computer

Most-at-risk populations (MARPS), including men who have sex with men (MSM) and injecting drug users (IDUs), represent 1 percent of Nigeria’s population yet account for 38 percent of new HIV infections. Despite their elevated risk, MSM and IDUs are less likely than the general population to access HIV prevention and sexual health services because of stigmatization. There is a dearth of data on prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among MSM and IDUs because their behaviors make them difficult to be reached programmatically and engaged in research. While the need for HIV and STI prevalence data is clear, there is also a need to improve the quality and reliability of behavioral data collected for national surveillance, where these stigmatized subpopulations may underreport sensitive behaviors that put them most at risk. This technical report provides details of a study that sought to determine the prevalence of HIV and STIs and sexual and injecting risk behaviors in MSM and male IDUs, and determine if Audio Computer-Assisted Self Interviews provide more accurate reporting of risk behaviors than face-to-face interviewing.

scholarly journals AIDS incidence and mortality in injecting drug users: the AjUDE-Brasil II Project

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Nogueira Cardoso ◽  
Waleska Teixeira Caiaffa ◽  
Sueli Aparecida Mingoti
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Surveillance Database

This paper presents AIDS incidence and mortality among injecting drug users (IDUs) reached by the AjUDE-Brasil II Project. From a cross-sectional survey, 478 IDUs were interviewed in three Brazilian cities: Porto Alegre, São José do Rio Preto, and Itajaí. The cohort was followed up in the Brazilian surveillance database for AIDS and mortality during 2000 and 2001. AIDS incidence was 1.1 cases per 100 person-years, and the mortality rate was 2.8 deaths per 100 person-years. AIDS cases only occurred in IDUs who reported ever having shared injecting equipment. Female gender (RR = 5.30), homelessness (RR = 6.16), and report of previous sexual relations with same-sex partners (RR = 6.21) were associated with AIDS. Deaths occurred only among males. Homelessness (RR = 3.00), lack of income (RR = 2.65), HIV seropositive status (RR = 4.52), and no history of incarceration (RR = 3.71) were also associated with death. These findings support evidence that gender and socioeconomic conditions are both determinants of morbidity and mortality in Brazilian IDUs.

scholarly journals 1253. Sex-on-Premise Venue (SOPV) Attendance Among Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in Lima, Perú: Results From a Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S450-S451
Author(s):  
Alexander Lankowski ◽  
Hugo Sanchez ◽  
Jose Hidalgo ◽  
Robinson Cabello ◽  
Ann Duerr
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Sex With Men

Abstract Background In Perú, where the HIV epidemic is concentrated among men who have sex with men (MSM), incidence has not changed appreciably over the last decade despite the rapid scale-up of free antiretroviral treatment (ART). New strategies for delivering effective HIV testing and prevention services to at-risk populations are greatly needed. Because most adult MSM in Perú live at home with family where it may be difficult to bring new sex partners, sex-on-premise venues (SOPVs)—such as saunas, sex clubs, and hourly hotels—might represent opportune sites at which to offer targeted HIV testing and prevention interventions. Methods From November 26, 2018 through April 15, 2019 we conducted a cross-sectional web-based survey using REDCap to assess the prevalence of SOPV attendance and associated sexual risk behaviors among MSM in Lima, Perú. SOPVs were defined as saunas, sex clubs, adult movie theaters, hotels, or bars/discos known to permit sex. We recruited participants by disseminating an anonymous survey link through local gay social media networks, with no monetary incentive to complete the survey. We asked participants how/where they met any sex partners from the prior 3 months, where they went for sex, and about HIV-associated sexual risk factors, including self-reported HIV status. We used the Pearson chi-squared test and Student’s t-test to assess whether the frequency of sexual risk behaviors differed based on SOPV attendance. Results Among n = 324 cis-gender MSM completing the survey, 16% identified as bisexual. Median age was 30 years, 62% lived at home with family, 50% had a university education or higher, and 29% reported being HIV+. 65% of respondents reported attending an SOPV to meet a partner and/or have sex in the prior 3 months. SOPV attendees were significantly more likely to report transactional sex, group sex, sex under the influence of alcohol, popper use, and have a higher number of sex partners (table). Conclusion SOPV attendance is common among MSM in Lima and associated with higher levels of several sexual behavioral risk factors. In light of this, SOPVs warrant further consideration as potential sites of outreach to offer HIV testing and prevention interventions designed to reach MSM at high risk for HIV infection. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Trends of HIV Risk Behaviors in a Cohort of Injecting Drug Users and Their Sex Partners in Miami, Florida, 1988–1998

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde B. McCoy ◽  
Lisa R. Metsch ◽  
Mary Comerford ◽  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Amanda J. Coltes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Hiv Risk Behaviors ◽  
Sex Partners

scholarly journals Rapid Assessment of Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) in Nairobi and Mombasa counties, Kenya: A Respondent Driven Sampling Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel O Dida ◽  
Francis Oguya ◽  
Patrick Kenya ◽  
Francisca Ongecha ◽  
Patrick Mureithi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Respondent Driven Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Situational Assessment

Abstract Background: A Cross-sectional Rapid Situational Assessment of Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) applying Respondent Driven sampling techniques (RDS) was used to recruit subjects/participants in a study aimed at assessing HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among injection drug users in Nairobi and Mombasa counties of Kenya. The study sought to establish HIV prevalence and document risk behaviors among IDUs in the two regions, as well as assess their spatial distribution and size estimates in the general population. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted in which a set of initial subjects referred to as ‘seeds’ were first identified from which an expanding chain of referrals was obtained, with subjects from each wave referring subjects of subsequent wave. The seeds were drawn randomly from the population and interviewed to pick the one with the largest network and other unique characteristics. A maximum of twelve seeds were recruited. The second stage involved conducting assessment visits to the sites to identify potential collaborators that included non-governmental organizations (NGOs), drug treatment centres, health facilities, Community based organizations (CBO's), among others. Three NGOs located in the Mombasa county and one in Nairobi county were identified to assist in identifying drug injection locations and potential participants. Key informant interviews (KIIs) and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were also conducted using interview guides. Results: A total of 646 individuals (344 in Nairobi and 302 at the coast) were recruited for the study between January and March 2010. Of these 590 (91%) were males and 56 (9%) were female. Findings showed that most IDUs initiated injecting drug use between the ages of 20-29 years, with the youngest age of initiation being 11 years and oldest age being 53 years. Most commonly injected drug was heroin (98%), with a small (2%) percentage injecting cocaine. Other non-injecting methods such as smoking or combining these two drugs with other drugs such as cannabis or rohypnol were also common. Most IDUs used other substances (cigarettes, alcohol, and cannabis) before initiating injecting drug use. While all IDUs continue to be at risk in the two regions, those from the Western parts of Nairobi were at a relatively higher risk given their higher rate of sharing injecting equipment and solutions. Conclusions: Given that initiation of injection drug use begins early and peaks mainly after formal school years (20-29 years), preventive programmes should be targeted at secondary school, college and out of school youth. Further, to protect People who inject drugs (PWIDs) from HIV infection, the country should introduce free Needle Syringe Programs with provision of condoms and Methadone Assisted Therapy as a substitute for drug use.

Sex-seeking mobile application use and risk behavior among men who have sex with men in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1161-1168
Author(s):  
Edson Zangiacomi Martinez ◽  
Thais Zanin Morigi ◽  
Guilherme Galdino ◽  
Willi McFarland ◽  
Miriane Lucindo Zucoloto
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Screening And Prevention ◽  
Hiv Acquisition

This is a cross-sectional study based on an open web survey with the primary objective to assess associations between the use of apps for seeking sex partners and vulnerabilities related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Brazil. Participants were recruited to the study through ads posted in social media such as Twitter, Facebook, and WhatsApp. Consenting respondents completed a questionnaire on demographics, history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and risk behaviors and perceptions, including calculation of the Risk Behavior Score for HIV infection proposed by Rocha et al. Among the 859 participants, 714 (83.1%) reported they used apps for seeking sex partners. Use of apps for seeking sex partners was associated with high-risk behavior for HIV infection, self-reported syphilis, self-perception of HIV risk, and use of marijuana. The use of apps for seeking sex partners has rapidly become the norm for MSM in Brazil. The associations with STIs and risk behaviors should be seen as an opening to improve public health, presenting opportunities to promote knowledge, safer sex practices, and referral to HIV/STI screening and prevention interventions.

scholarly journals Trends in HCV prevalence, risk factors and distribution of viral genotypes in injecting drug users: findings from two cross-sectional studies

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (7) ◽  
pp. 970-979 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. A. OLIVEIRA ◽  
C. F. T. YOSHIDA ◽  
P. R. TELLES ◽  
M. A. HACKER ◽  
S. A. N. OLIVEIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Viral Genotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Injecting ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Substantial Decline

SUMMARYIn the last decade, a declining prevalence of HCV infection has been described in injecting drug users (IDUs) in different countries. This study is the first to assess temporal trends in drug-injecting patterns, HCV infection rates and viral genotype distribution in 770 Brazilian IDUs, recruited by two cross-sectional studies (1994–1997 and 1999–2001). A substantial decline in the prevalence of HCV infection was found over the years (75% in 1994vs. 20·6% in 2001,P<0·001) that may be a consequence of the significant reduction in the overall frequencies of drug injection and needle-sharing, as well as the participation of IDUs in initiatives aimed at reducing drug-related harm. No trend was found in terms of viral genotype distribution. Despite the favourable scenario, preventive measures must be maintained, especially in vulnerable subgroups such as young or new injectors, where risky behaviours through direct and indirect sharing practices remain common.

Tideline and Turn: Possible Reasons for the Continuing Low HIV Prevalence among Glasgow's Injecting Drug Users

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bloor ◽  
Martin Frischer ◽  
Avril Taylor ◽  
Robert Covell ◽  
David Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Early Report ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug Injectors ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
Low Prevalence

This is an early report of data from an on-going, repeated, cross-sectional study of a community sample of Glasgow injecting drug users. Although HIV was first detected among Glasgow's drug injectors in 1985, data from the first two years of our annual samples (1990 and 1991) indicate that HIV prevalence continues to be low in this population, in the order of 1 or 2 per cent. Possible reasons for this apparent continuing low prevalence are examined. It is suggested that substantial risk reduction – reductions in injection equipment-sharing, reductions in numbers of sharing partners and restrictions in social circles of sharing partners – may have been sufficient reasons, in conjunction with limited contributions to near-stabilisation from the disproportionate attrition of the numerator population through death and cessation of injecting.

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