scholarly journals Understanding the relationship between socioeconomic status, smoking cessation services provided by the health system and smoking cessation behavior in Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Salem Szklo ◽  
James F. Thrasher ◽  
Cristina Perez ◽  
Valeska Carvalho Figueiredo ◽  
Geoffrey Fong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
And Gender ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship

Increasing the effectiveness of smoking cessation policies requires greater consideration of the cultural and socioeconomic complexities of smoking. The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between socioeconomic status and "selected midpoints" linked to smoking cessation in Brazil. Data was collected from a representative sample of urban adult smokers as part of the ITC-Brazil Survey (2009, N = 1,215). After controlling for age and gender, there were no statistically significant differences quit attempts in the last six months between individuals with different socioeconomic status. However, smokers with high socioeconomic status visited a doctor 1.54 times more often than those with low socioeconomic status (p-value = 0.017), and were also 1.65 times more likely to receive advice to quit smoking (p-value = 0.025). Our results demonstrate that disparities in health and socioeconomic status are still a major challenge for policymakers to increase the population impact of tabacco control actions worldwide.

scholarly journals Depression and Quality of Life among the Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-465
Author(s):  
Dipak Kunwar ◽  
Rajyashree Kunwar ◽  
Barsha Shrestha ◽  
Richa Amatya ◽  
Ajay Risal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Socioeconomic

Background: Depression and other mental illness are very common among chronic kidney disease and also Quality of life has been found significantly impaired in chronic kidney disease. The objective of our study is to study Depression, Quality of life and its associations in chronic kidney disease. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. We used convenient method of sampling for data collection. The World Health Organization Quality-of-Life 8-question scale was used for estimating quality of life and Beck Depression Inventory  was used for the assessment of depression.  Independent samples t-test was conducted to analysed bivariate relationship of sociodemographic factors with depression and Quality of life scores and multiple linear regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of Quality of life. Results: The 75.5% participants found to have depression. Depression was found statistically significant across socioeconomic status (p value 0.04) and other medical comorbidities (p value 0.04). Variables found to be significantly associated with total quality of life in multiple linear regression analysis were caste (p value 0.03), socioeconomic status (p value 0.009) and depression (p value 0.001). Conclusions: Depression and reduced quality of life is very common among chronic kidney patients. Low socioeconomic status and comorbid medical conditions were associated with depression and caste, low socioeconomic status and depression were associated with low quality of life. Screening and management of depression should be included in the routine care and it could help improving the quality of life of patients with chronic kidney disease. Keywords: chronic kidney disease; depression; quality of life

Psychosocial Predictors of Depression among Central American Immigrants

2000 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1237-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph D. Hovey
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Central American ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The Future ◽  
Central American Immigrants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predictors Of Depression

The present study investigated the relationship between stress and depression associated with acculturation among Central American immigrants (64 women, 14 men) and identified the best predictors of depression among Central American immigrants. Elevated acculturative stress was significantly associated with higher depression. Family dysfunction, ineffective social support, lack of hopefulness toward the future, and low socioeconomic status were also significantly associated with high depression. The overall findings suggest that Central American immigrants who report high acculturative stress may be “at risk” for experiencing depression and that effective family and social support, hopefulness toward the future, and socioeconomic status may serve to protect against depression during acculturation.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Childhood Obesity, Low Socioeconomic Status, and Race/Ethnicity: Lessons from Massachusetts

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Rogers ◽  
Taylor F. Eagle ◽  
Anne Sheetz ◽  
Alan Woodward ◽  
Robert Leibowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Dangerous Worldview and Perceived Sociopolitical Control: Two Mechanisms to Understand Trust in Authoritarian Political Leaders in Economically Threatening Contexts

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C. Torres-Vega ◽  
Josefa Ruiz ◽  
Miguel Moya
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Political Leader ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Sociopolitical Control ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Relationship

In this research we analyzed the relationship between threatening economic contexts (i.e., undergoing the economic crisis and having low socioeconomic status) and trust in authoritarian ideologies and leaders, regardless of the left–right political axis. Based on two theoretical approaches (i.e., the dual-process model and the compensatory control model), we argue that this relationship is mediated by dangerous worldview and low perceived sociopolitical control. We conducted two correlational studies with samples of the general population. In Study 1 (N = 185), we found that perceived threat from the economic crisis and low socioeconomic status were correlated with a higher dangerous worldview, which resulted in a more authoritarian ideology (i.e., authoritarianism) and finally in greater trust in an authoritarian political leader. In Study 2 (N = 413), we replicated the findings of Study 1 and demonstrated that low perceived sociopolitical control was associated with higher authoritarianism. Moreover, low perceived sociopolitical control partially mediated the relationship between dangerous worldview and authoritarianism. Overall, our results show that two economically threatening contexts (i.e., the economic crisis and low socioeconomic status) promote authoritarianism and trust in authoritarian leaders (with unspecified political orientation) through psychological processes (i.e., perception of the social world and perceived control). These results are useful to understand and combat the rise of authoritarianism in our societies during financially difficult times such as economic crises.

scholarly journals Under the Threat of an Epidemic: People with Higher Subjective Socioeconomic Status Show More Unethical Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3170
Author(s):  
Ting Wang ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
Tonglin Jiang ◽  
Shiyao Wang ◽  
Zhansheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Subjective Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Unethical Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

This research focused on the psychological impact of an epidemic. We conducted a cross-sectional survey and two empirical experiments to examine how an epidemic would influence unethical behaviors and how the effect differs in people of different subjective socioeconomic statuses. These studies consistently demonstrated that subjective socioeconomic status moderates the relationship between an epidemic and unethical behaviors. Specifically, the perceived severity of an epidemic positively predicts the unethical behaviors of people with a high socioeconomic status, but it does not predict the unethical behaviors of people with a low socioeconomic status. These findings elucidate the effects of epidemics and bring theoretical and practical implications.

scholarly journals Association between regular walking and periodontitis according to socioeconomic status: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Jin Han ◽  
Kwang-Hak Bae ◽  
Hyo-Jin Lee ◽  
Seon-Jip Kim ◽  
Hyun-Jae Cho
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Physical activity reduces the risk and mortality risk of inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to examine the relationship between regular walking and periodontitis in a Korean representative sample of adults according to socioeconomic status. Data acquired by the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014 and 2015 were used. The survey was completed by 11,921 (5,175 males; 6,746 females) participants (≥19 years). Individuals without values on periodontitis were excluded, and 9,728 participants remained. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done using socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, income, education), oral health-related variables (flossing, interdental brushing, community periodontal index), oral and general health status and behaviour (smoking, diabetes mellitus), and regular walking. In all models, subjects who walked regularly had significantly lower risks of periodontitis. After adjusting for age, gender, income, education, smoking, diabetes mellitus, flossing, and interdental brushing, the odds ratio for periodontitis in subjects who walked regularly was 0.793 (95% Confidence interval: 0.700–0.898). Non-regular walking groups showed similar social gradients. Risk of low socioeconomic status was not significant in the regular walking group after adjusting for age, gender, income, and education. This study found that regular walking is associated to lower prevalence of periodontitis and can attenuate the relationship between periodontitis and low socioeconomic status.

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