scholarly journals Analysis of proteins associated with storage root formation in cassava using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
GLAUCIA B. CABRAL ◽  
LUIZ J.C.B. CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis was performed on adventitious and storage root in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Adventitious root lacking swelling formation and swelled storage root were obtained from the accession WU104 grown in the green house of the Department of Biology in Washington University in St. Louis (MO-USA). Saline buffer-soluble proteins were extracted, separated in a high-resolution 2-D electrophoresis system, visualized with silver staining gel procedure, and digital image generate for further analysis. Quantitative and qualitative protein spots analysis was performed with a computer assisted image software system. Results revealed large variation in the complexity of the gel protein profile between the two root systems. About 90% of the protein spots appeared in the pI range value of 4.0 to 6.5 and between 14 to 80 Kda of molecular mass. Detailed computer assisted analysis of this gel allowed us to establish 5 distinct classes of protein based on spot quantification that could be associated with swelling and non-swelling roots. Variation in the complexity of protein pattern was related with different type of root. Whereas the adventitious root showed a more simple profile related to primary growth, the storage root showed to be a more complex profile related to secondary growth and starch accumulation.

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of serum specimens from a normal population.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 890-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
R P Tracy ◽  
R M Currie ◽  
D S Young
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Silver Stain ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Finger Stick ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Abstract We examined sera from a normal population by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, to establish the normal pattern of serum proteins and to investigate genetic polymorphisms. With such information in hand, specimens from patients with certain diseases may be readily evaluated. Towards this goal, we optimized the ISO-DALT system (Proc. Natl, Acad, Sci, USA 74: 5421--5425, 1977) for routine phenotyping of alpha 1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, GC-globulin, alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein, and transferrin, as well as a previously unknown polymorphic protein. We examined the effects of aging the specimens for 2 h at room temperature (no changes) or at -20 degrees C for several months (small changes), as well as serum/plasma differences and the effect of protease inhibitors. Silver-stain methods were modified to allow simultaneous staining of 10 gels, with reasonably good reproducibility of stain intensity. We quantitated silver-stained gels by densitometry of photographic transparencies. Very small samples suffice with this stain (0.5 microL of serum or plasma), allowing the use of "finger-stick" methods instead of venipuncture, yet the patterns are better resolved and easier to read than those for 10-microL specimens processed on gels stained with Coomassie Blue. Our techniques for rapidly removing albumin and IgG allow the investigator to examine areas on the gel that ordinarily are obscured. The region of haptoglobin has been examined by using serum from an ahaptoglobinemic donor. Finally, we present an expanded "normal" map illustrating the composite protein pattern.

Cytoskeletal proteins from human skin fibroblasts, peripheral blood leukocytes, and a lymphoblastoid cell line compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
C S Giometti ◽  
K E Willard ◽  
N L Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Lymphoblastoid Cell Line ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Cytoskeletal Protein ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Human Skin Fibroblasts ◽  
Peripheral Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Abstract Differences in proteins between cells grown as suspension cultures and those grown as attached cultures were studied by comparing the proteins of detergent-resistant cytoskeletons prepared from peripheral blood leukocytes and a lymphoblastoid cell line (GM607) (both grown as suspension cultures) and those of human skin fibroblasts (grown as attached cultures) by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The major cytoskeletal proteins of the leukocytes were also present in the protein pattern of GM607 cytoskeletons. In contrast, the fibroblast cytoskeletal protein pattern contained four groups of proteins that differed from the patterns of the leukocytes and GM607. Three groups (Cytoskf:8--10, :14--16, and :17--18) showed qualitative differences, and the fourth group (Cytoskf:11 and :13) showed quantitative differences. In addition, surface labeling of GM607 and human fibroblasts with 125I demonstrated that substantial amounts of vimentin and actin are exposed at the surface of the attached fibroblasts, but there is little evidence of similar exposure at the surface of the suspension-grown GM607. Cytoskf:11 and :13 in fibroblast preparations were also labeled with the 125I. These results demonstrate some differences in cytoskeletal protein composition between different types of cells could be related to their ability or lack of ability to grow as attached cells in tissue culture.

Effects of selenium deficiency on the rat myocardial protein pattern - investigation by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis

2000 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Regitz-Zagrosek ◽  
Antonius Kyriakopoulos ◽  
Peter Jungblut ◽  
Dietrich Behne ◽  
Klaus-Peter Plei�ner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Changes in patterns of protein synthesis in axolotl oocytes during progesterone-induced maturation

Development ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Jean Gautier ◽  
Renée Tencer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Phosphorylation ◽  
Cholera Toxin ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Ambystoma Mexicanum ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Patterns of protein phosphorylation and synthesis during axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) oocyte maturation were studied by incorporation of [32P]orthophosphate and [35S]methionine into polypeptides, followed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Various alterations were observed after progesterone treatment: de novo appearance of [35S]methionine-labelled polypeptides, a quantitative increase in previously synthesized proteins and a quantitative decrease in or disappearance of other previously synthesized proteins. Changes in 32P- and 35S-labelling were observed very early during maturation. Neither prior oocyte enucleation nor α-amanitin treatment had a significant effect on these changes. Stimulation with MPF provided the same final protein pattern as PG treatment. However, cholera toxin inhibited all the changes seen during maturation. Comparisons between the patterns of [35S]methionine- and [32P]phosphatelabelling provide further information on the biochemical events that take place during oocyte maturation.

Protein Profile of Human Perilymph: In Search of Markers for the Diagnosis of Perilymph Fistula and other Inner Ear Disease

1994 ◽  
Vol 111 (3P1) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isolde Thalmann ◽  
Robert I. Kohut ◽  
Jay Ryu ◽  
Thomas H. Comegys ◽  
Masamitsu Senarita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Two Dimensional

Recent developments in high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, combined with amino acid sequencing and computer-assisted image analysis, have allowed separation of approximately 100 proteins and identification and quantitation of some 30 proteins in human perilymph. The majority of proteins were found to be present in perilymph at levels in basic agreement with the total protein gradient between perilymph and plasma (1:35). However, several striking differences were observed: (1) β2-transferrin, known to be absent from normal plasma but present in cerebrospinal fluid, was detected in perilymph at a concentration roughly equal to that in cerebrospinal fluid; and (2) two high-density lipoprotein-associated apolipoproteins—apo D (formerly PLS:33) and apo J or NA1 and NA2 (formerly PSL:29/30), the latter showing identity with 5P40/40, or cytolysis inhibitor—were found to be present at concentrations 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher when examined in terms of total protein and to be comparable with or higher than plasma levels when examined in terms of absolute concentrations. The functional significance of the extremely high levels of the two apolipoproteins is not known at this time. An attempt was made to use β2-transferrin, as well as apo D and apo J (NA1/NA2), as markers for the diagnosis of perilymph fistula, one of the most controversial and challenging problems for the otologist today. It was determined that the technique is indeed applicable when relatively pure fistula samples are analyzed. Limitations and potential improvements of the technique are discussed. In addition, the potential usefulness of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in other pathologic conditions of the inner ear is discussed briefly.

Proteins in normal, irradiated, and postmortem human brain quantitatively compared by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 1989-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
R K Narayan ◽  
W E Heydorn ◽  
G J Creed ◽  
P L Kornblith ◽  
D M Jacobowitz
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Relative Molecular Mass ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Human Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Postmortem Human Brain ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Fresh Frozen

Abstract Using a combination of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE), silver staining, and computerized densitometry, we studied protein patterns in human cerebral cortex: normal fresh-frozen, fresh-frozen but previously irradiated, and post-mortem. The relative molecular mass of the resolved proteins ranged from 14 400 to 100 000, the isoelectric points from 4.75 to 7.0. The pattern of proteins (six of them identified) was essentially the same for all three groups. However, computerized densitometry demonstrated significant alterations in the density of several spots in the irradiated and postmortem groups as compared with the normal controls. Irradiated cortex showed statistically significant changes in only six spots (three increased and three decreased in density); postmortem material showed 20 altered spots (16 diminished and four increased). Evidently normal human cerebral cortex has a consistent protein pattern on 2DE, which is quantitatively (but not qualitatively) altered in irradiated and postmortem material. These findings provide a point of reference against which proteins from abnormal brain material can be compared, both qualitatively and quantitatively.

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