scholarly journals Molecular characterization of elephantgrass accessions through RAPD markers

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leônidas Paixão Passos ◽  
Marco Antonio Machado ◽  
Maria Coletta Vidigal ◽  
Ana Lúcia Campos
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Average Genetic Distance ◽  
Genetic Distance Matrix

Elephantgrass pastures are limited by yield variations and reductions in forage quality and availability, thus making the search for genotypes with reduced seasonality a major concern. In order to verify the extent of genetic variability among contrasting cultivars, ten elephantgrass accessions were analyzed through DNA amplification by RAPD technique. A total of 160 DNA bands were generated with the use of 44 random primers and 23% of these bands were monomorphic for all accessions. Gel-obtained binary data (1 for presence and 0 for absence) were used for generating a genetic distance matrix, which was utilized in a UPGMA grouping analysis. Elephantgrass cultivars Cameroon and Vruckwona were the accessions mostly divergent from the others, with an average genetic distance of 0.34. The accessions with the lowest average genetic distances from the others were Pioneiro and CNPGL 27-5, both with a distance of 0.25. Overall, genetic distances ranged from 0.06 to 0.43, indicating little genetic variability for the set of accessions, despite the contrasting morphology of the studied genotypes.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of papaya genotypes using AFLP markers

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 849-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eder Jorge de Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Leles Costa ◽  
Lucas Ferraz dos Santos ◽  
Fabiana Moraes de Carvalho ◽  
Aline dos Santos Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distance Matrix ◽  
Pair Method ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

Due to the low genetic variability reported in the commercial plantations of papaya (Carica papaya L.), the objective of this study was analyze the genetic diversity of 32 genotypes including cultivars, landraces, inbred lines, and improved germplasm using the AFLP technique (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). The genetic distance matrix was obtained using the Nei and Li genetic distance and clustering was performed using the unweighted pair-method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). Using 11 combinations of EcoRI/MseI primers, 383 polymorphic bands were obtained. On average, 34.8 polymorphic bands were obtained per primer combination. Five clusters were formed. The traditional cultivar 'Sunrise' and the inbred line CMF-L30-08 were the closest genotypes, and the improved germplasm (CMF041) and landrace (CMF233) the most distant. The main papaya cultivars commercially grown in Brazil, as well as four inbred lines and three improved germplasm, were clustered together, however, were not grouped in the same branch. The genetic distance between the Sunrise and Golden cultivars was 0.329, and even arising from mutation and selection within the Sunrise variety, the Golden stores considerable genetic variability. Additional variability was observed in the inbred lines derived from papaya breeding program at Embrapa Cassava and Fruits.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of the Moxotó goat breed using RAPD markers

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rejane Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Andréa Alves do Egito ◽  
Maria Norma Ribeiro ◽  
Samuel Rezende Paiva ◽  
Maria do Socorro Maués Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Goat Breed ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

The objective of this study was to verify the genetic diversity between and within seven populations of Moxotó goat (n = 264) from the States of Pernambuco, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte, using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). Moxotó, as well as other naturalized breeds, suffers genetic losses due to the indiscriminate miscegenation with breeds raised in the Northeast Region of Brazil. The genetic characterization of these genetic resources is essential to conservation and breeding programs. DNA was extracted from lymphocytes using a non-organic protocol. The 16 primers used were selected from 120 decamer oligonucleotide primers and generated 56 polymorphic bands. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the greater part of total genetic variability (71.55%) was due to differences between individuals within populations, while 21.21% was among populations. The analysis of variance among the pairs of populations demonstrated that the populations located in Floresta, PE x Angicos, RN presented a smaller value of intrapopulational differentiation (8.9%), indicating low genetic variability among them. Nei's genetic distances varied between 0.0546 and 0.1868 in the populations. The dendrogram generated showed that the Canindé breed, used as outgroup, clustered with the populations of Moxotó, indicating a possible common origin of the naturalized goat breeds.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization and Genetic Diversity of Yellow Passion Fruit Based on RAPD Markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Angélica Vieira Sousa Campos ◽  
José Ricardo Peixoto ◽  
Fábio Gelape Faleiro ◽  
Michelle Souza Vilela ◽  
Márcio de Carvalho Pires
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Passiflora Edulis ◽  
The University ◽  
Yellow Passion Fruit

Molecular genetic variability studies are essential to complement the agronomic characterization of yellow passion fruit genotypes (Passiflora edulis Sims). Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the genetic diversity of 24 genotypes of yellow passion fruit obtained from a research program developed by the University of Brasilia and Embrapa Cerrados, using RAPD molecular markers. RAPD markers were obtained from eight decamer primers and converted into a matrix of binary data, from which genetic dissimilarities among genotypes were estimated, and clustering analysis was performed. A total of 54 RAPD markers were obtained, with 6.8 bands per primer on average. From this total, 46 (85.2%) RAPD markers were polymorphic. The OPD10 primer presented the highest number of polymorphic bands. The high percentage of polymorphic markers evidenced the existence of genetic variability among genotypes. Nei’s genetic distance between genotypes ranged from 0.043 to 0.451. Clustering resulted in the formation of at least five groups of similarity.

Ampelographic characterization of white grapevine cul-tivars (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in Palestine

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rezq Basheer-Salimia
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Vitis Vinifera L ◽  
Similarity Matrix ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Synonymies And Homonymies

Abstract: In Palestine, grape culture consists of ecotypes and cultivars (also called local varieties), for which a large number of homonymous and synonymous designations exist as well as misnaming of cultivars. The present study is the first report using detailed ampelographic characterizations (39 informative traits) to assess genetic diversity and detect similarities among sixteen accessions collected from putative diverse grape genotypes In general, 30 descriptors presented highly and satisfactory divergent genotypes, whereas the remaining traits showed no or very little ampelographic variation. Based on the similarity matrix and the resulting dendrogram of these ampelographic data, distinguishable genotypes as well as some cases of synonymies and homonymies clearly exist. A synonymy case seemed to be in four genotypes including Jandali-Mfarad, Jan-dali-Mrazraz, Jandali, and Hamadani-Mattar, which indeed showed genetic distances of less than 0.5, sug-gesting their relatedness, and the possibility that they are the same genotype, but with different names. In addition, homonym cases also occur in the following pairs of “Marawi’s, Hamadani’s, and Zaini’s genotypes, in which each pair seems to be two distinctive genotypes. Finally, among the 16 examined genotypes, the Zaini-Baladi genotype tended to show the highest genetic distance values from the others and thus could be potentially incorporated into any further local or regional breeding programs as well as germplasm conservation.

scholarly journals Genetic variability in physic nuts cultivated in Northeastern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 978-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanice Dias Oliveira ◽  
Allivia Rouse Carregosa Rabbani ◽  
Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva ◽  
Ana da Silva Lédo
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Jaccard Coefficient ◽  
Physic Nut ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity

This research had as objective to characterize genetically individuals of physic nut cultivated in experimental areas in Sergipe, Brazil by means of RAPD molecular markers. Leaves of 40 individuals were collected and DNA was isolated using CTAB 2% method. Were used 30 primers RAPD for DNA amplification, and this data was used to estimate the genetic similarity among the pairs of individuals, using Jaccard coefficient, and group them out for the UPGMA method. Also, the genetic structure and diversity of the populations were assessed using AMOVA. Of the 100 fragments generated, 29 of were polymorphic. A similarity average of 0.54 among the individuals was found and the amplitude similarities varied from 0.18 to 1.00. One of them (U5) was unit clusters and formed by the most divergent individuals. AMOVA indicated that there is more variation within (63%) the population. In conclusion, it was possible verify genetic variability in physic nut using RAPD markers at these experimental areas.

scholarly journals Analysis of intraspecific polymorphism of Nitraria sibirica Pall. using the ISSR technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00054
Author(s):  
Sofia A. Khozyaykina ◽  
Evgeny V. Banaev
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Dna Polymorphism ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Issr Marker ◽  
Intraspecific Polymorphism ◽  
Nitraria Sibirica ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Issr Primers

The analysis of DNA polymorphism of Nitraria sibirica Pall. was carried out at 13 natural populations of the Republic of Altai and Altai Territory using the ISSR technique. Seven effective ISSR primers have been identified to analyze DNA polymorphism in N. sibirica. 99 DNA fragments were yielded at DNA amplification with these primers, 66 of them were polymorphic. The genetic distance Nei (D) between the studied populations of N. sibirica averaged 0.32, at mean 0.09 - within populations. An identification ISSR marker has been revealed, which can be used to study the genetic variability of the genus Nitraria L. (Nitrariaceae) species.

Agromorphological and molecular analysis discloses wide genetic variability in sunflower breeding lines from USDA, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. Ramya ◽  
A. Vishnuvardhan Reddy ◽  
M. Sujatha
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Distance Matrix ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Genetic Distance Matrix ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Fertility Restorers ◽  
Simple Sequence

The present study investigates genetic divergence among 84 fertility restorers and 32 cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines of sunflower augmented from USDA, USA along with the popular Indian parental lines using simple sequence repeats (SSR). Thirty-nine polymorphic SSR primers produced 139 alleles with an average of 3.56 alleles per locus. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.23 to 0.69 with an average of 0.45. The average genetic distance was 0.45 and 0.42 for the R and CMS lines, respectively. Dendrogram based on the dissimilarity coefficient matrix grouped the CMS and R lines into separate clusters except for Cluster A which consisted of all CMS lines along with five R lines. Genetic distance matrix estimated from three sets of mitochondrial primers (BOX, ERIC and REP) grouped the 32 CMS lines into eight clusters. The results suggest the existence of considerable genetic diversity among the restorer and CMS lines of sunflower obtained from USDA, USA.

Molecular Diversity Analysis of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) through RAPD Markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Hoque ◽  
M.M. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Molecular Genetic Diversity

Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study the molecular genetic diversity analysis among six BARI released lentil varieties viz. BARI masur-1, BARI masur-2, BARI masur-3, BARI masur-4, BARI masur-5 and BARI masur-6. PCR amplified products were visualized on 1.0% agarose gel and the band for each primer were scored. Ten RAPD markers were used in this study. Out of them 7 primers showed amplification of 53 DNA fragments with 60.37% of them being polymorphic. The highest number of polymorphic loci was noticed in the variety BARI masur-3. The same variety also showed maximum Nei’s gene diversity value (0.0552). The highest Nei’s genetic distance (0.5002) was observed in BARI masur-1 vs. BARI masur-5 whereas, the lowest genetic distance (0.0692) was found in BARI masur-1 vs. BARI masur-2. The unweighted pair group method of arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram based on Nei’s genetic distance grouped the six cultivars into two main clusters. BARI masur-1, BARI masur-2 and BARI masur-3 were in cluster I and BARI masur-4, BARI masur-5 and BARI masur-6 were in cluster II. The cultivar BARI masur-4 was closest to the cultivar BARI masur-6 with the lowest genetic distance (0.0972) and the highest genetic distance (0.5002) was found between BARI masur-1 and BARI masur-5. The RAPD markers were found to be useful in molecular characterization of lentil varieties which could be utilized by the breeders for the improvement of lentil cultivars. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v22i1.11260 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 22(1): 51-58, 2012 (June)

scholarly journals Use RAPD Technique for Characterization of Genotypical Variability of Maize Germplasm from SCDA Turda

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica POP ◽  
Doru PAMFIL ◽  
Monica HÂRŢA ◽  
Ioan HAŞ ◽  
Iulia POP
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

Genetic analysis with RAPD markers has been extensively used to determine diversity among maize genotypes. The aim of the present study was to estimate genetic relationships among 70 genotypes, provided from SCDA Turda Cluj germplasm collection. RAPD analysis was performed with 14 decamer primers. These primers generated, among the studied genotypes, a number of polymorphic bands comprised between 13 bands (OPA 04) and 7 bands (OPAL 20). The highest numbers of polymorphic bands were obtained with primer OPA 04, respectively 13 bands, following by OPO 12 (12 polymorphic bands), OPAB 11 and OPA 17 (11 polymorphic bands). Lowest number was obtained with primer OPAL 20, respectively 7 polymorphic bands. Genetic distances were established using Nei-Li coefficient and UPGMA dendrogram was constructed with RAPDistance 1.04 software. The built dendrogram shows phylogenetic relationships between genotypes analyzed.

scholarly journals EVALUASI VARIASI GENETIK TIGA RAS IKAN GURAME ( Osphronemus gouramy ) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ISOZYME

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Estu Nugroho ◽  
Irin Iriana Kusmini
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Average Genetic Distance ◽  
West Java ◽  
Initial Effort ◽  
Significant Difference

Evaluasi variasi genetik tiga ras ikan gurame dilakukan sebagai tahap awal dalam mengatasi masalah budi daya ikan gurame yaitu tumbuh lambat. Variasi genetik ras ikan gurame yaitu bastar, bule, dan blusafir yang dikoleksi dari daerah Parung-Bogor, Jawa Barat telah dievaluasi dengan menggunakan isozyme. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata di antara tiga ras ikan gurame yang diuji. Jumlah alel per lokus dan alel polymorfik berturut-turut berkisar 1,25—1,375 dan 25%--37,5%; sedangkan heterosigositas berkisar 0,125--0,137. Jarak genetik antara ras blusafir dengan bastar atau bule adalah lebih besar dibandingkan jarak genetik antara ras bastar dengan bule. Jarak genetik rata-rata di antara ketiga ras ikan gurame adalah 0,0003.Evaluation of genetic variability of three giant gouramy races is an initial effort to solve the problem in culturing giant gouramy i.e. low growth. Genetic variability of three giant gouramy races, i.e. bastar, bule, and blusafir collected from ParungBogor,  West Java is evaluated using isozyme. There is no significant difference among three giant gouramy races. Number of allele per locus and polymorphism allele were ranged 1.25--1.375 and 25.0%--37.5% respectively, while heterozygosity was ranged 0.125--0.137. Genetic distance between blusafir and bastar or bule is farthest than genetic distance between bastar and bule. The average genetic distance among giant gouramy races is 0.0003.

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