scholarly journals Bauhinia forficata link shoot regeneration: histological analysis of organogenesis pathway

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia O. Mello ◽  
Murilo Melo ◽  
Beatriz Appezzato-da-Glória
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Bauhinia Forficata

Plant regeneration was achieved from cells of callus induced from hypocotyl segments of Bauhinia forficata on half strength Murashige and Skoog culture medium supplemented with several concentrations of BAP. Within 40 days of culture shoot buds formation was observed on callus surface. Calli were then transferred to a same composition culture medium without plant growth regulator in order to induce shoot elongation. Histological studies indicated that in vitro plant regeneration in B. forficata occurred through indirect organogenesis. Meristemoids consisting of small cells with dense cytoplasm and prominent nuclei were randomly distributed throughout the callus surface indicating early stages of shoot bud differentiation. Shoots developed de novo from superficial layers of cells and the pattern of shoot origin and development were very similar to those previously described for other leguminous species.

scholarly journals In vitro Plant Regeneration of Magnolia punduana: An Endemic and Threatened Plant Species

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajib Borah ◽  
Suman Kumaria ◽  
Hiranjit Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
In Vitro Plant Regeneration ◽  
Threatened Plant Species ◽  
Callus Initiation ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Basal Media

Shoots were induced from axillary and nodal buds of Magnolia punduna on MS supplemented with 0.1 μm of BAP. Out of five basal media tested (MS, ½ MS, ¼ MS, LS and WP), MS was found to be most effective for shoot and callus initiation. Different plant growth regulators (0.1 ‐ 1.0 μm) induced shoot formation in different proportions. The combination of 0.1 μm IBA and 0.5 μm BAP was found optimum for shoot elongation with minimal necrosis of the explants. Half strength of MS supplemented with 8.0 μm IBA was found suitable for rooting.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 27(2): 153-159, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Rudbeckia hirta L. from seedling explants

2006 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Pál Szarvas ◽  
Anikó Zsila-André ◽  
Zoltán Kovács ◽  
Miklós Gábor Fári
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Surface Disinfection ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Rudbeckia Hirta ◽  
Seedling Explants ◽  
In Vitro Micropropagation ◽  
Special Value ◽  
Half Strength

We conducted experiments for developing an in vitro micropropagation protocol starting from meristems of Rudbeckia hirta L seedlings. We pre-soaked the seeds in sterile ion-exchanged water for 17 hours, and then achieved surface disinfection in two separate steps. First, we used concentrated household sodium-hypochloride solution for 20 minutes and, also for 20 minutes, we applied hydrogen peroxide of 10%, which was followed by washing with sterile ion-exchanged water three times. For the propagation of seedling meristems, the combination of half-strength solid Murashige and Skoog (1962) culture medium containing 10 mg/l of kinetin and 2 mg/l of kinetin + 0.1 mg/l of 2iP proved to be the most suitable. The average number of shoot-buds developed from the seedling axillary meristem in the best culture media varied between 5 and 17. Without separating them, we inoculated the shoot-bud clusters on MS culture medium containing 2 mg/l of IAA. After four weeks of incubation, we obtained elongated shoots, which we separated and inoculated into a new culture medium and from which we obtained elongated roots. The rooted plants were gradually acclimatised in the cultivation room, potted and carried to a greenhouse, and then planted in open field for subsequent observation. By adopting this method, our laboratory started the micropropagation of the superior and/or elite genotypes of the Rudbeckia hirta L. being of special value in respectt to breeding.

scholarly journals In Vitro Rhizogenesis of The Lavandula angustifolia Cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00017
Author(s):  
Iliya Bulavin ◽  
Valentina Brailko ◽  
Irina Zhdanova
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Lavandula Angustifolia ◽  
Root Morphogenesis ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Terminal Buds

In production, shoot cuttings of lavender are most often used for vegetative propagation, however, this method does not promote high propagation rate. The most effective method is propagation by axillary or terminal buds that requires further plant rooting in vitro. Due to, objective of our work was analysis of lavender in vitro rhizogenesis. Investigation was performed on Lavandula angustifolia cultivars with different concentration of the growth regulators in medium. After18 Day, Only 1 mg/l NAA did not stimulate rhizogenesis for ‘Record’ and ‘Sineva’ cultivars. Root primordia formed from the cambium cells. Further root growth accompanied by cleavage of the core tissues and they appeared on the shoot surface. Morphologically, a root cap, meristem, elongation zone and zone with root hairs were identified in de novo formed root in vitro. Along with normally roots, the appearance of roots accreted along their periphery with free apexes and roots with the decreased meristem was also noted. For ‘Prima’ cultivar, highest values of the mitotic index were observed on the hormone-free half-strength MS medium and on ½MS medium with 1.0 mg/l NAA. Thus, our data showed that root morphogenesis for lavender cultivars depended on the plant material and culture medium.

scholarly journals Plant regeneration from cotyledonary explants of Eucalyptus camaldulensis dehn and histological study of organogenesis in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberson Dibax ◽  
Regina Caetano Quisen ◽  
Cleusa Bona ◽  
Marguerite Quoirin
Keyword(s):  
Histological Study ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Palisade Parenchyma ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
Cotyledonary Explants ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Organogenesis In Vitro

The present work aimed at regenerating plants of Eucalyptus camaldulensis from the cotyledonary explants and describing the anatomy of the tissues during callogenesis and organogenesis processes, in order to determine the origin of the buds. The cotyledonary leaves of E. camaldulensis were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS), WPM and JADS media supplemented with 2.7 µM NAA and 4.44 µM BAP. The best results for bud regeneration were obtained on MS and WPM media (57.5 and 55% of calluses formed buds, respectively). Shoot elongation and rooting (80%) were obtained on MS/2 medium (with half-strength salt concentration) with 0.2% activated charcoal. Acclimatization was performed in the growth chamber for 48 h and then the plants were transferred to a soil:vermiculite mixture and cultured in a greenhouse. Histological studies revealed that the callogenesis initiated in palisade parenchyma cells and that the adventitious buds were formed from the calluses, indicating indirect organogenesis.

scholarly journals Morphogenetic Responses in Anthurium Andreanum (Hort) Cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
D. P. Prakasha ◽  
G Ramya ◽  
G. B Srinivasalu
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Anthurium Andreanum ◽  
Bud Initiation ◽  
Morphogenetic Responses

In this study, in vitro morphogenetic responses have been studied in popular Anthurium andreanum cultivars Tropical Red, Acropolis, Sun Glow, Esmeralda, Chaco, Pistachio, Neveda and Safari employing explants of various types and growth stages, through indirect organogenesis. Creamy and compact callus initiated in cut ends along the veins of Leaf lamina with mid rib (LLMR) and petiole with leaf (PL) explants of various cultivars in 30-120 days of inoculation, it was sub cultured and incubated in dark for proliferation. Leaf tip, candle and petioles did not show any kind of response, turned brown and died later. Explants from young pale green leaves with smooth structure showed early response in all cultivars. Callus proliferation rate was 3.0-5.0 times 30-35 days of incubation in various cultivars. Shoot bud initiation and elongation observed after 45-60 days incubation in dark. Number of shoot buds per explants ranged from 30-60 per explants and 8-10 buds attained 1.5-2.5 cm in height. Then, shoots were separated, inoculated in shoot elongation medium and incubated in light. Remaining callus was sub cultured in callus multiplication medium and incubated in dark. Callus and shoot multiplication ratio was 1-2 and 2.5-4.2 times respectively. Shoots attained 4-5.3 cm in height in 45-55 days, rooted and ready for hardening in 65-80 days. Rooted plantlets were hardened in 1:1 ratio soil rite and coco-peat mix in portrays, transferred to beds prepared with coconut coir-pith, 95% plants survived, appeared normal and flowered. In this paper, materials, methodology, results will be discussed.

scholarly journals Plant Regeneration from Petioles of Kiwifruit Microshoots

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Victoria González ◽  
Manuel Rey ◽  
Roberto Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Morphogenic Callus ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Micropropagated Plants ◽  
The Media ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

A simple and reliable protocol for plant regeneration from petioles of micropropagated plants of kiwifruit [Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev) Liang and Ferguson, var. deliciosa `Hayward'] is described. Morphogenic callus was initiated by culturing petioles taken from in vitro-propagated plants. From the media tested, Cheng's K(h) medium plus 0.1 μm IAA, 4.5 μm zeatin, and 2% sucrose was the best for callus induction, maintenance, and shoot bud formation and development. Bases of developed shoots were immersed in 5 mm IBA for 15 seconds; subsequent culture in half-strength K(h) basal medium achieved 82% rooting. Regenerated plantlets were successfully transplanted to soil with 97% survival. Chemical names used: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA); indole-3-butyric acid (IBA); 2-methyl-4-(1H-purin-6-ylamino)-2-buten-1-ol (zeatin).

scholarly journals Rheological and Microstructural Features of Plant Culture Media Doped with Biopolymers: Influence on the Growth and Physiological Responses of In Vitro-Grown Shoots of Thymus lotocephalus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-553
Author(s):  
Natacha Coelho ◽  
Alexandra Filipe ◽  
Bruno Medronho ◽  
Solange Magalhães ◽  
Carla Vitorino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Average Pore Size ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Plant Culture

In vitro culture is an important biotechnological tool in plant research and an appropriate culture media is a key for a successful plant development under in vitro conditions. The use of natural compounds to improve culture media has been growing and biopolymers are interesting alternatives to synthetic compounds due to their low toxicity, biodegradability, renewability, and availability. In the present study, different culture media containing one biopolymer (chitosan, gum arabic) or a biopolymer derivative [hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)], at 100 or 1000 mg L−1, were tested regarding their influence on the growth and physiological responses of Thymus lotocephalus in vitro culture. Cellulose-based biopolymers (HEC and CMC) and gum arabic were used for the first time in plant culture media. The results showed that CMC at 100 mg L−1 significantly improved shoot elongation while chitosan, at the highest concentration, was detrimental to T. lotocephalus. Concerning only the evaluated physiological parameters, all tested biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives are safe to plants as there was no evidence of stress-induced changes on T. lotocephalus. The rheological and microstructural features of the culture media were assessed to understand how the biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to the culture medium could influence shoot growth. As expected, all media presented a gel-like behaviour with minor differences in the complex viscosity at the beginning of the culture period. Most media showed increased viscosity overtime. The surface area increased with the addition of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives to the culture media and the average pore size was considerably lower for CMC at 100 mg L−1. The smaller pores of this medium might be related to a more efficient nutrients and water uptake by T. lotocephalus shoots, leading to a significant improvement in shoot elongation. In short, this study demonstrated that the different types of biopolymers and biopolymer derivatives added to culture medium can modify their microstructure and at the right concentrations, are harmless to T. lotocephalus shoots growing in vitro, and that CMC improves shoot length.

scholarly journals An Efficient Protocol for High-frequency Direct Multiple Shoot Regeneration from Internodes of Peppermint (Mentha x piperita)

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000501
Author(s):  
Sanjog T. Thul ◽  
Arun K. Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mentha X Piperita ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Multiple Shoot Regeneration

A simple, repeatable and efficient protocol for direct multiple shoot regeneration from internodal explants has been defined in peppermint ( Mentha x piperita var. Indus). In vitro regenerated shoots of peppermint were excised into 4 to 8 mm long internodes and cultured on Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with different cytokinins. In the hormonal assay, 3.0 mg L-l zeatin or 6-isopentenyl adenine independently supplemented to half strength MS medium exhibited multiple shoot regeneration, while thiaduzorn (0.1-3.0 mg L−1) showed no morphogenetic effect. A maximum of 85% in vitro cultured explants showed multiple shoot formation with an average of 7 shoots per explant on MS medium supplemented with zeatin. Multiple shoots were initiated within three weeks of cultivation. Internodes with regenerated multiple shoots were transferred to half - strength MS medium without supplementing with any plant growth hormone for shoot elongation and rhizogenesis. Rooted plants acclimatized and grew to maturity under glasshouse conditions. The plantlets developed were phenotypically identical to the parent plant and exhibited 96 % survival.

scholarly journals Carbohydrates on the growth of Cattleya schilleriana Reichb.f. seedlings (Orchidaceae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Fernandes Galdiano Júnior ◽  
Cibele Mantovani ◽  
Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos
Keyword(s):  
Survival Data ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Carbohydrate Supplementation ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Half Strength

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of carbohydrate supplementation on the propagation of the orchid Cattleya schilleriana. The 120-d-old seedlings were subcultured in fructose-, glucose-, or sucrose-supplemented (0, 15, 30, and 45g L-1) ½ MS culture medium (half-strength macronutrient concentrations), using a completely random design with four repetitions per treatment. After 120d of treatment, root number and length, leaf number and length, and fresh weight were evaluated, and seedling survival was evaluated after 75d of acclimatization in a greenhouse. The in vitro growth data were submitted to regression analysis, whereas the percentage survival data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Both in vitro growth and ex vitro survival were lowest when the plantlets were grown in the absence of a carbohydrate source and highest (>90% survival) when supplemented with glucose. According to our findings, the addition of either glucose (30g L-1) or sucrose (30g L-1) is recommended for mass propagation of C. schilleriana.

scholarly journals In vitro Shoot Proliferation and Plant Regeneration of Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees. a Rare Medicinal Shrub of Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. M. Sayeed Hassan ◽  
Nadira Begum ◽  
Rebeka Sultana ◽  
Rahima Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Nodal Explants ◽  
Shoot Induction ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Proliferation

An efficient protocol was developed for shoot proliferation and plant regeneration of Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees. (Acanthaceae) - a rare medicinal shrub of Bangladesh, through in vitro culture using shoot tip and nodal explants. Best shoot induction was observed on MS with 1.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA, in which 84.2% of nodal explants responded to produce maximum number (12.4 ± 0.66) of shoots per culture. In vitro raised shoots rooted on half-strength MS with 0.5 mg/l IBA + 0.5 mg/l NAA. For acclimation and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for 7 days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 85%. Key words: Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus, Shoot proliferation, Plant regeneration   D. O. I. 10.3329/ptcb.v21i2.10236   Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 21(2): 135-141, 2011 (December)

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