scholarly journals Allelopathic evidence in exotic guava (Psidium guajava L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1359-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiani Elisa Chapla ◽  
João Batista Campos
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Leaf Aqueous Extract ◽  
Germination And Growth

The allelopathic activity of the leaf aqueous extract of guava (Psidium guajava L.) on seed germination and root growth in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was studied in an experiment consisting of four replicates with 10 seeds each and extract concentrations of 5, 10, and 20%. Guava allelopathic activity occurred during the germination and growth of lettuce roots at 20% extract concentration, as shown by ANOVA. This result suggested the allelopathic potential of the species. Therefore, the success of P. guajava in invading environments could be partially due to allelopathy. Further studies using other plant parts and field experiments should be conducted.

Allelopathic Effects of Lantana (Lantana camara) on Milkweedvine (Morrenia odorata)

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagi Reddy Achhireddy ◽  
Megh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Germination And Growth

Allelopathic effects of lantana (Lantana camaraL. ♯3LANCA) residues (root, shoot), foliar leachates, and the soil (where lantana was grown) on milkweedvine (Morrenia odorataLindl. ♯3MONOD) seed germination and growth over a 30-day period were examined. Foliar leachates or the soil collected from the field where lantana had been growing had no effect on the final germination percentage or the seedling growth of milkweedvine. Incorporation of dried lantana shoot or root material into soil had no effect on the final percentage germination but caused significant reductions in milkweedvine growth over a 30-day test period. Roots were more inhibitory than shoots. Fifty percent of milkweedvine seedlings died within 15 days after germination at 1% (w/w) dried lantana root incorporation into the soil, and higher concentrations increased seedling death. Lantana roots incorporated into the soil produced foliar symptoms such as wilting and desiccation, whereas lantana shoots incorporated into the soil produced yellowing of the foliage of milkweedvine. Allelopathic activity of lantana residues was still strong even after decomposition of lantana residues for 4 weeks prior to the planting of milkweedvine seeds.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Teff Varieties and Effect on Weed Growth

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 854
Author(s):  
Haftamu Gebretsadik Gebrehiwot ◽  
Jens Bernt Aune ◽  
Ole Martin Eklo ◽  
Torfinn Torp ◽  
Lars Olav Brandsæter
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Hand Weeding

Allelopathic potential of 10 teff varieties was assessed in laboratory experimentation (conducted in NIBIO, Norway), and determined with an agar-based bioassay using ryegrass and radish as model weeds. Field experiments were conducted in Tigray, Ethiopia during 2015 and 2016 to identify the most important agronomic traits of teff contributing to its weed competitive ability. A split plot design with three blocks was used considering hand weeding as the main plot and varieties as the subplot. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four blocks was used in the laboratory experiment. The highest potential allelopathic activity (PAA) and specific potential allelopathic activity (SPAA) were recorded from a local landrace with an average PAA value of 11.77% and SPAA value of 1.21%/mg respectively, when ryegrass was used as the model weed. ‘Boset’ had the highest average PAA value of 16.25% and an SPAA value of 1.53%/mg, when using radish as the model weed. The lowest PAA and SPAA values were recorded from ‘DZ-Cr-387′ when using ryegrass and radish as model weeds. Days to emergence, height, tiller no./plant, biomass yield, and PAA of the crop significantly contributed to the variance of the weed biomass, cover, and density. Hence, they were the most important agronomic traits enhancing the competitive ability of teff.

Chemical constituents and allelopathic activity of the essential oil from leaves of Eremanthus erythropappus

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Resende Pinto ◽  
Janaína Brandão Seibert ◽  
Orlando David Henrique dos Santos ◽  
Sidney Augusto Vieira Filho ◽  
Andréa Mendes do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Bidens Pilosa ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Allelopathic Activity ◽  
Radicle Length

The essential oil from leaves of Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) MacLeish (Asteraceae) collected in South-eastern Brazil was extracted using a combination of water and steam distillation and investigated by chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were predominant (46.6%), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (29.3%) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (18.8%). The major compounds were (β)-caryophyllene (29.3%), caryophyllene oxide (22.1%) and β-pinene (12.8%). The allelopathic activity of E. erythropappus essential oil on the seed germination and radicle length of seedlings was evaluated in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) and in two field weeds (field mustard – Brassica rapa L. and hairy beggarticks – Bidens pilosa L.). Among the weed species tested, the most significant inhibition of seed germination was observed in field mustard, as measured by the half–minimal inhibitory concentration, IC50 (IC50=26.5μL mL–1), and the most significant inhibitory effect on radicle length of seedlings was observed in seedlings of hairy beggarticks (IC50=16.3μL mL–1). In contrast, the lowest allelopathic effects of E. erythropappus essential oil on seed germination and radicle length of seedlings were observed in tomato (IC50=>200μL mL–1 and 130.1μL mL–1 respectively) and lettuce (IC50=97.1μL mL–1 and 35.1μL mL–1 respectively). These results revealed significant allelopathic potential of E. erythropappus essential oil against weeds, but minimal effect on lettuce and tomato germination, and thus suggests it is feasible to use E. erythropappus sustainability as an eco-friendly bioherbicide in cropping settings.

scholarly journals Exploiting the Allelopathic Potential of Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Artemisia absinthium and Psidium guajava against Parthenium hysterophorus, a Widespread Weed in India

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhriti Kapoor ◽  
Rinzim ◽  
Anupam Tiwari ◽  
Amit Sehgal ◽  
Marco Landi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
By Products

Artemisia absinthium and Psidium guajava are powerful sources of secondary metabolites, some of them with potential allelopathic activity. Both the species grow together in India with a weed (Parthenium hysterophorus) that is becoming extremely invasive. The aim of the present research was to test the allelopathic effect of A. absinthium and P. guajava aqueous leaf extracts on seed germination, seedling growth (shoot and root length), as well as some biochemical parameters (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, and malondialdehyde by-products) of P. hysterophorus plants. Leaf extracts of both A. absinthium and P. guajava constrained the germination and seedling development (root and shoot length), affected pigment content (chlorophylls, carotenoids), stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and increased the level of malondialdehyde by-products of P. hysterophorus plants. Non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione and ascorbic acid) in P. hysterophorus leaves were, conversely, negatively affected by both leaf extracts tested in the present experiment. Although A. absinthium was more effective than P. guajava in impacting some biochemical parameters of P. hysterophorus leaves (including a higher EC50 for seed germination), P. guajava extract showed a higher EC50 in terms of root inhibition of P. hysterophorus seedlings. The present study provides the evidence that A. absinthium and P. guajava extract could be proficiently exploited as a botanical herbicide against P. hysterophorus.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Effect of Chrysanthemum Procumentens on the Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Beans Phaseolus Vulgaris

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Kemi Akinwunmi ◽  
Esther Odunsi ◽  
Chizi Amadi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Root And Shoot Length

The present study was undertaken to assess the allelopathic effect of Chrysanthemum procumentens in relation to germination and growth of bean seedling. C. procumentens reduced germination and suppressed early seedling growth of beans. With increase in extract concentration from 20 mg ml-1 to 60 mg ml-1, a gradual decrease in seed germination evaluated by reduction in the concentration of biomolecules such as total protein, total soluble sugar and amylase activities; and increase in the activities of hydrolytic enzymes such as proteases, Lipases and Arginase occurred. The longest seedling root and shoot lengths were recorded on day 1 at 20 mg ml-1 extract concentration while the shortest seedling root and shoot length were recorded on day 6 at 80 mg ml-1 extract concentrations. It was noted that the reduction in germination and suppression of seedling growth observed in this study were concentration and time dependent. The result suggested that C. procumentens had good allelopathic potential which reduces germination and plant growth.

scholarly journals Chromatographic profile and allelopathic potential of the essential oil of Acritopappus confertus (Gardner) R. M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e1991210450
Author(s):  
Jeane Dantas Sousa ◽  
Tiago Rodrigues Leite ◽  
Karina Vieiralves Linhares ◽  
Josué Dantas de Sousa ◽  
José Weverton Almeida Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Chromatographic Profile

The present study aims to test the Acritopappus confertus (Gardner) R. M. King & H. Rob. essential oil allelopathic potential on the germination and inital development of Cenchrus echinatus L. and Lactuca sativa L. seedlings, in addition to identifying and quantifying chemical constituents. The chemical composition analysis was performed by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry (GC-MS). For the allelopathic assays, the essential oil was emulsified with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in a 1:1 ratio, and diluted in distilled water to obtain 0.001, 0.01, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1% c. The control consisted of 1% aqueous DMSO solution.Treatments were performed in five repetition with 20 seeds each. The pH of the oils were measured and adjusted to a scale of 6 to 7. Assays were conducted in a germination chamber at 25 °C with a 12h photoperiod. Seed germination, Germination Speed Index (GSI), caulicle and radicle length were analyzed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey test (p<0.05), through the ASSISTAT. The constituents mycene, β-pinene and limonene stood out the most in chemical analysis. The essential oil did not influence C. echinatus and L. sativa seed germination, however it influenced GSI and seedling development. The effects observed herein may be due to chemical constituents found in the studied species, which may act in an isolated or combined manner.

Allelopathic Potential of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Straw on Selected Weed Species

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Steinsiek ◽  
Lawrence R. Oliver ◽  
Fred C. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Ipomoea Lacunosa ◽  
Sesbania Exaltata ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Germination And Growth

The allelopathic potential of wheat [Triticum aestivum(L.) ‘Doublecrop′] straw residue was evaluated on weed-seed germination and seedling growth. The inhibition of weed-seed germination and seedling growth was extract-, species-, and temperature-dependent. The extracts prepared by agitating and soaking caused greater inhibition than those obtained by leaching. The descending order of species susceptibility was ivyleaf morningglory [Ipomoea hederacea(L.) Jacq.], velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic.), pitted morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosaL.), hemp sesbania [Sesbania exaltata(Raf.) Cory], sicklepod (Cassia obtusifoliaL.), and Japanese barnyard millet [Echinochloa crus-gallivar.frumetaceae(Roxb.) Link]. Incubation at 35 C caused the greatest inhibition of germination and growth.

ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF PLANT PARTS OF TWO INVASIVE WEEDS ON SEED GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF MAIZE VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Syed Majid Rasheed
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Invasive Weeds ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Shoot Weight

The “Allelopathic effects of plant parts of two invasive weeds on seed germination and seedling growth of maize varieties” was investigated at the Agriculture Graduate laboratory, The Bacha khan University Charsadda Pakistan during summer, 2018. The experiment was carried out in CRD design and factorial arrangements repeated thrice.Five maize varieties namely Azam, Babar, Pahari, Iqbal, and Jalal comprised factor A while Factor B consisted of water extracts from root, stem and leaf of invasive weeds; Parthenium hysterophorus and Xanthium strumarium. Distilled water was used as control for comparison. Data were recorded for percent germination (%), seedlings length (cm), shoot weight (g) and root weight (g). It was evident from the results that maximum germination (100 %), Seedling length (7.6 cm), shoot weight (164.88 g) and root weight (163.8 g) was recorded for control (water) treatments. However, among the tested extracts the minimum germination (80.9 %) of maize varieties were achieved under P. hysterophorus stem extract. Maize variety “Pharri” revealed highest sensitivity towards allelopathic potential of different extract, giving minimum (80.95 %) germination. On the other hand, the maize variety “Babar” showed strong resistance against all applied extracts (treatments) and showed 100% seed germination. In the light of the current results it is recommended that the farmer should discourage the growth of P. hysterophorus weed in their filed as it has strong allelopathic effects on maize crop. Moreover, the farmers should grow maize variety Babar instead of others as this variety showed strong resistant to the allelopathic effects of both the invasive weeds studied.

scholarly journals Allelopathic Potential of Medicinal Plants: Costus speciosus Koen ex. Retz and Justicia adhatoda Linn

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana Devkota ◽  
Swasti Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Costus Speciosus ◽  
Pea Seedlings ◽  
Strong Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Justicia Adhatoda ◽  
Germination And Growth

The study was carried out to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract of rhizome and leaves of Costus speciosus Koen ex. Retz and Justicia adhatoda Linn. respectively on germination and growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum Linn.) and pea (Pisum sativum Linn.). Effect was assessed by recording their effects on germination and percentage growth of root and hypocotyle of test plants. However, the extent of inhibitory and stimulatory effect of extracts varied with the plant species. The extract reduced the germination of the test seeds. However, root and hypocotyle elongations of wheat and pea seedlings were significantly inhibited by the extract of studied plant parts, with the percentage of inhibition increased as the concentration of the extract increased. The observed allelopathic activity of the extract of both medicinal plants on the seed germination and seedling growth of wheat and pea was attributed to the presence of the allelopathic phytochemicals in medicinal plants. The results showed that Justicia adhatoda Linn. had strong inhibitory effect on germination as well as root and hypocotyls growth of test seeds. Phytochemical screening of both medicinal plants was also carried out by using standard methods. The extract contained alkaloid, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins in different proportions; with more of alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids. J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 28, 2014: 57-65

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