Chemical constituents and allelopathic activity of the essential oil from leaves of Eremanthus erythropappus

The essential oil from leaves of Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) MacLeish (Asteraceae) collected in South-eastern Brazil was extracted using a combination of water and steam distillation and investigated by chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were predominant (46.6%), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (29.3%) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (18.8%). The major compounds were (β)-caryophyllene (29.3%), caryophyllene oxide (22.1%) and β-pinene (12.8%). The allelopathic activity of E. erythropappus essential oil on the seed germination and radicle length of seedlings was evaluated in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) and in two field weeds (field mustard – Brassica rapa L. and hairy beggarticks – Bidens pilosa L.). Among the weed species tested, the most significant inhibition of seed germination was observed in field mustard, as measured by the half–minimal inhibitory concentration, IC50 (IC50=26.5μL mL–1), and the most significant inhibitory effect on radicle length of seedlings was observed in seedlings of hairy beggarticks (IC50=16.3μL mL–1). In contrast, the lowest allelopathic effects of E. erythropappus essential oil on seed germination and radicle length of seedlings were observed in tomato (IC50=>200μL mL–1 and 130.1μL mL–1 respectively) and lettuce (IC50=97.1μL mL–1 and 35.1μL mL–1 respectively). These results revealed significant allelopathic potential of E. erythropappus essential oil against weeds, but minimal effect on lettuce and tomato germination, and thus suggests it is feasible to use E. erythropappus sustainability as an eco-friendly bioherbicide in cropping settings.

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Chromatographic profile and allelopathic potential of the essential oil of Acritopappus confertus (Gardner) R. M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae)

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i12.10450 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. e1991210450

Author(s):

Jeane Dantas Sousa ◽

Tiago Rodrigues Leite ◽

Karina Vieiralves Linhares ◽

Josué Dantas de Sousa ◽

José Weverton Almeida Bezerra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Seedling Development ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Lactuca Sativa L ◽

Chromatographic Profile

The present study aims to test the Acritopappus confertus (Gardner) R. M. King & H. Rob. essential oil allelopathic potential on the germination and inital development of Cenchrus echinatus L. and Lactuca sativa L. seedlings, in addition to identifying and quantifying chemical constituents. The chemical composition analysis was performed by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry (GC-MS). For the allelopathic assays, the essential oil was emulsified with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in a 1:1 ratio, and diluted in distilled water to obtain 0.001, 0.01, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1% c. The control consisted of 1% aqueous DMSO solution.Treatments were performed in five repetition with 20 seeds each. The pH of the oils were measured and adjusted to a scale of 6 to 7. Assays were conducted in a germination chamber at 25 °C with a 12h photoperiod. Seed germination, Germination Speed Index (GSI), caulicle and radicle length were analyzed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey test (p<0.05), through the ASSISTAT. The constituents mycene, β-pinene and limonene stood out the most in chemical analysis. The essential oil did not influence C. echinatus and L. sativa seed germination, however it influenced GSI and seedling development. The effects observed herein may be due to chemical constituents found in the studied species, which may act in an isolated or combined manner.

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ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF WEED SPEICES AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. AND CLEOME VISCOSA L. ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF SESAMUM INDICUM L

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj106 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 114-117

Author(s):

Anbarasan R ◽

Prabhakaran J

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Sesamum Indicum ◽

Weed Species ◽

Ageratum Conyzoides ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Germination And Growth ◽

Cleome Viscosa

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of aqueous extracts prepared from two weed species namely Ageratum conyzoides L. and Cleome viscosa L. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The weed extracts showed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of sesame seedlings. The extracts of A.conyzoides had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of C.viscosa on growth parameters of sesame.

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Allelopathic Influence of Germinating Seeds and Seedlings of Cover Crops on Weed Species

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500094376 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 579-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Melinda L. Hoffman ◽

Leslie A. Weston ◽

John C. Snyder ◽

Emilie E. Regnier

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Resource Competition ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Weed Species ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Below Ground ◽

Allelopathic Interference ◽

Radicle Length

Bioassays using binary mixtures that included a cover crop with known allelopathic potential and a weed species were employed to determine the importance of allelopathy compared to resource competition as interference mechanisms. Responses of weed species germinated with cover crops in a petri dish were measured. Interference between weed and cover crop seedlings was determined in a greenhouse experiment using the additive design, which included partitions to reduce above- and below-ground competition and used capillary mat subirrigation to control moisture and fertilizer availability. Germinating sorghum reduced radicle length of weeds, whereas germinating rye tended to increase weed radicle length. Methods limited above-ground competition, so likely interference mechanisms were below-ground competition and allelopathy. Germination with a cover crop had little effect on germination and shoot length of weeds. Increased density of rye but not of sorghum reduced growth of barnyardgrass seedlings. Reduced number of barnyardgrass leaves in the presence of rye was likely due to allelopathy. Suppression of barnyardgrass dry weight attributed to allelopathic interference by rye was successfully separated and compared to the combined effects of competition and allelopathy.

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Allelopathic Potential of Trifolium resupinatum and T. alexandrium on Seed Germination of Four Weed Species

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3923/pjbs.2007.1141.1143 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1141-1143

Author(s):

Fariba Maighany ◽

Mahlagha Ghorbanli ◽

Javad Khalghani ◽

Morteza Najafpour

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Weed Species ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Trifolium Resupinatum

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Inhibitory effect of rosemary essential oil, loaded in liposomes, on seed germination of Acacia saligna, an invasive species in Mediterranean ecosystems

Botany ◽

10.1139/cjb-2018-0212 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (5) ◽

pp. 283-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alfredo Maccioni ◽

Andrea Santo ◽

Danilo Falconieri ◽

Alessandra Piras ◽

Maria Manconi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Invasive Alien Species ◽

Mediterranean Ecosystems ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Acacia Saligna ◽

Southwestern Australia ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis L ◽

Mediterranean Plant ◽

Germination Requirements

Acacia saligna (Labill.) Wendl. is native of southwestern Australia, but has been planted extensively in many areas of the world, including the Mediterranean region, becoming highly invasive especially in coastal habitats. The aim of this study was to test whether the indigenous Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil (EO), loaded in liposomes, can inhibit the seed germination of the invasive alien Acacia saligna. Variability in seed germination requirements and responses among populations were evaluated. Germination tests under light, at constant temperatures and three concentrations of rosemary EO were carried out. Among the examined factors, only the EO amount and temperature had a highly significant effect on seed germination. The lowest EO quantity did not show differences compared with the control, while the highest amount inhibited significantly seed germination of all populations at all the tested temperatures. No seed recovered the ability to germinate after the EO treatment with either of the two washing methods. Our results allowed us to identify the minimum amount of rosemary EO capable of inhibiting the seed germination of the invasive Acacia saligna. These results could be useful for the control of this invasive alien species, thus allowing the conservation of indigenous Mediterranean plant species and habitats.

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Chemical Composition and in Vitro Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Minthostachys Mollis (Kunth) Griseb Vaught from the Venezuelan Andes

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0900400726 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Flor D. Mora ◽

María Araque ◽

Luis B. Rojas ◽

Rosslyn Ramírez ◽

Bladimiro Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Significant Inhibitory Effect ◽

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity

Chemical constituents of the essential oil from the leaves of Minthostachys mollis (Kunth) Griseb Vaught var. mollis collected in January 2008 at Tuñame, Trujillo State, Venezuela, were separated and identified by GCMS analysis. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and thirteen components (98.5% of the sample) were identified by comparison with the Wiley GCMS library data base. The two major components were pulegone (55.2%) and trans-menthone (31.5%). The essential oil showed a significant inhibitory effect against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, especially Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella typhi (4 μg/mL).

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CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN WILD OAT (Avenu fatua) HULLS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SEED GERMINATION

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps82-023 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 155-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

FRANK S. CHEN ◽

JOHN M. MacTAGGART ◽

RICHARD M. ELOFSON

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Nonanoic Acid ◽

Lettuce Seed ◽

Wild Oat ◽

Phenolic Inhibitor ◽

Lettuce Seed Germination

Aqueous extracts of dormant wild oat (Avena fatua L.) hulls had a weak inhibitory effect on lettuce seed germination. Both paper and thin layer chromatographic analyses of the ether-soluble acidic fraction showed the presence of phenolics and short-chain fatty acids. No abscisic acid was detected. Vanillin, protochatechualdehyde, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid were isolated from hull extracts. Vanillin was shown to be the main water-soluble phenolic inhibitor of lettuce seed germination. At a concentration higher than 6.6 × 10−3M, vanillin was found to be more inhibitory than nonanoic acid to both lettuce and wild oat germination. The concentration of phenolics in the hulls does not account for suppression of wild oat seed germination.

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Stress tolerance responses of two cotton cultivars exposed to ultraviolet-A (366 nm) radiation: photosynthetic performance and chemical constituents

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.52.2004.2.1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 113-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. K. H. Ebrahim

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Photosynthetic Performance ◽

Soluble Proteins ◽

Hill Reaction ◽

Ultraviolet A

The stress tolerance responses of two Egyptian cotton cultivars (Giza 45 and 86) exposed to various doses (40, 80, 160 and 320 min) of artificial ultraviolet-A (366 nm) radiation were investigated. The seed germination of Giza 86 was promoted at 40 min, but substantially inhibited at 80 and 160 min and completely suppressed at 320 min. However, the seed germination of Giza 45 was progressively inhibited by UV-A exposure and ceased at 160 min, so doses of 40 and 80 min were selected for further studies. In contrast to seed germination, the seedling growth of Giza 86 was negatively affected at 40 min. UV-A stress induced a great reduction in the leaf carbohydrates as well as in the viability and dry mass production of the shoots of both cultivars, but the response was comparatively higher in Giza 45. It also decreased the chorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid contents, coupled with an increase in the Chl a/b ratio, diminished the Hill reaction activity, and quenched the Chl a fluorescence both in the presence and absence of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, suggesting an inhibitory effect on the water-splitting system (donor side) as well as on the electron transport from the primary to the secondary acceptors of PSII (acceptor side). These changes reflect a disturbance in the structure, composition and function of the photosynthetic apparatus as well as the sensitivity of PSII to UV-A stress. Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) were markedly damaged by exposure to UV-A for 80 min, while both cultivars developed adaptive mechanisms for damage moderation. These mechanisms involved increasing the levels of flavonoids, total lipids and total soluble proteins as well as having smaller, thicker leaf blades. Since Giza 86 showed a comparatively higher level of adaptation, it tolerates UV-A stress better than Giza 45. Abbreviations: Car, carotenoids; Chl, chlorophyll; DCMU, 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; DCPIP, 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol; DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid; d.m., dry mass; f.m., fresh mass; PSII, photosystem II; RNA, ribonucleic acid; TSP, total soluble proteins; UV-AR, ultraviolet-A (366 nm) radiation.

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Allelopathic Effect of Leaf Extract of Two Wild Plants on Seed Germination, Shoot and Root Lengths of Two Weed Species; Portulacaoleracea and Chenopodium murale

Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia ◽

10.13005/bbra/2704 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 929-935 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadi Awad Al-Harbi

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Weed Management ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Portulaca Oleracea ◽

Wild Plants ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Weed Species ◽

Chenopodium Murale

The present study aims to evaluate the effect of leaf extract of Rhanterium epapposum and Salsola imbricata at various concentrations (20%, 40%, and 60%) on the germination and shoot and root lengths of two weed species; Portulaca oleracea and Chenopodium murale. The present study findings proved that the inhibitory effect of seed germination and shoot and root lengths of the studied species was largely dependent on the concentration of R. epapposum and S.imbricata leaf extract. The results showed that the highest allelopathic effect on the germination of the seeds of C.murale by leaf extract of R. epapposum and S. imbricata especially at concentration of 40% and 60% . While the lowest effect was of the leaf extract of S.imbricata. However the concentration of 60% was higher on the germination of the seeds C. murale and P. oleracea. Results also showed that the root and shoot lengths of C. murael was more sensitive to allelochemicals of R. epapposum leaf extract compared to S.imbricata leaf extract. However, the root and shoot lengths of P. oleracea was more sensitive to allelochemicals of S. imbricata leaf extract compared to R.epapposum leaf extract. Hence, the present findings recommended using the R. epapposum leaf extract and S. imbricata leaf extract as a tool for weed management especially C. murale and P. oleracea.

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Allelopathic effect of essential oils of medicinal plants in Bidens pilosa L.

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais ◽

10.1590/1983-084x/12_134 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (3 suppl 1) ◽

pp. 731-736 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M.C.S. Alves ◽

S. Medeiros Filho ◽

A. Manoel Neto ◽

R.C. Brito ◽

R.C. Araujo

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Root Growth ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Bidens Pilosa ◽

Indirect Contact ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Growth Of Seedlings

We determined the inhibitory allelopathic effects of the volatile extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Ness, Lippia sidoides Cham. and Cymbopogum nardus L. on seed germination and root growth of seedlings of Bidens pilosa. The experiment was conducted at the Seed Analysis Laboratory of the Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Ceará. For this end, we used oils at the concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08% (v/v). Five treatments were used for each of the oils arranged in a completely randomized design with four replications of 25 seeds. The seeds were sown in Petri dishes lined with filter paper moistened with distilled water and, aiming at the indirect contact with each oil, two sheets of filter paper were placed on top of the lid, in which three (3) mL of each oil solution were added. Then, the dishes were incubated in a germination chamber at 25°C. The pH did not contribute to alter the results; the volatile extracts of essential oils of C. zeylanicum, L. sidoides and C. nardus inhibited seed germination and root growth of seedlings of B. pilosa, which shows allelopathic potential; and the concentration of 0.08% of oils caused the overall deterioration of the roots and death of seedlings of B. pilosa.

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