scholarly journals Morphometry of the eyes in regenerant of genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria, Dugesiidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. R. de Campos-Velho ◽  
K. A. R. Lopes ◽  
J. Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Regenerative Process ◽  
Graphic Representation ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Pigment Spot ◽  
Dugesia Tigrina

The photodocumentation technique was used weekly to observe until the end of the regenerative process of eyes in three species of Dugesia. Morphometric data based on the measurement of 96 samples of the species: Dugesia tigrina, D. schubarti, and D. anderlani were analyzed A comparative analysis was made through graphic representation of statistical parameters of the following morphometric characters: the length of the transversal and longitudinal axes of the macula alba, pigment spot, and ocular opening. An interesting feature appeared in D. schubarti: the average of ocular opening during the regenerative process is bigger than in the original samples.

Morphological and molecular characterisation of three known species of Criconematoidea from Iran

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 745-758
Author(s):  
Manouchehr Hosseinvand ◽  
Ali Eskandari ◽  
Reza Ghaderi
Keyword(s):  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Tail Shape ◽  
Lateral Lines ◽  
Stage Juvenile

Summary In this study, we provide morphological and molecular characterisation of three known species of the Criconematoidea, namely Criconema cylindraceum, Paratylenchus alleni and P. steineri, recovered from Iran. Descriptions, morphometric data, drawings and photomicrographs are provided, and comparisons are made with closely related species. Phylogenetic analysis using the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rRNA gene revealed that C. cylindraceum formed a cluster with Ogma decalineatus, a species with a similar head structure, but with differences in cuticle ornamentation, tail shape and morphometric characters. Moreover, P. alleni grouped with species of Paratylenchus having four lateral lines and a short stylet (< 40 μm), exceptionally including the unresolved P. straeleni, while P. steineri formed a clade with long stylet species, including P. teres and P. wuae. The taxonomic placement of C. cylindraceum in Criconema, rather than in Criconemoides, is justified, and P. teres is molecularly differentiated from P. steineri, the two species differing in having or lacking a stylet in the fourth-stage juvenile.

Phylogenetic utility of the geometric model of the body form in leeches (Clitellata: Hirudinida)

Biologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna M. Cichocka ◽  
Aleksander Bielecki
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Body Form

AbstractArchitectonics of the leech body constitute a source of promorphological characters which have been used for modeling. A geometric model of the leech body form was applied in a phylogenetic analysis for the estimation of the utility of morphometric data in the reconstruction of the history of Hirudinida. A cladistic analysis included species representing all main ecological groups of leeches. In the analysis the morphometric data were used as non-discretized mean values and as mean values coded with the gap-weighting method. Obtained phylogenetic trees were compared with cladograms generated based on combined data sets including discrete qualitative morphological characters as well as known molecular phylogenies of leeches. The study demonstrates that the morphometric characters provide additional evidence for the confirmation of monophyletic groups within Hirudinida. Thus, the morphometric data resulting from the geometric model of the leech body form appeared to be applicable for the reconstruction of leech phylogeny

scholarly journals First Report of Trichodorus variopapillatus (Nematoda: Trichodoridae) from the Czech Republic

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 966-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kumari ◽  
W. Decraemer
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Body Width ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pcr Products

Members of the Trichodoridae can cause substantial crop losses directly by feeding on plant roots and indirectly as vectors of tobraviruses; both vector and virus are polyphagous. In April of 2008, soil samples from the rhizosphere of Ulmus minor Mill in a deciduous broadleaf forest at Krivoklat yielded a population of Trichodorus variopapillatus Hooper, 1972. Nematodes were identified by morphological and morphometric characters as well as by molecular analysis. For classical identification, specimens were extracted from soil by a decanting-sieving method, heat killed and fixed in triethanolamine formalin, and processed and mounted in anhydrous glycerin. For molecular analysis, specimens were stored at –20°C in 1 M NaCl. Specimens largely agreed with T. variopapillatus (1,3). Average morphometric data of five male specimens are: body length 766 μm; body width 33 μm; onchiostyle length 55 μm; and spicule length 43 μm. Number of anterior ventromedian cervical papillae and number of precloacal supplements was three each. Spicules are regularly curved and the manubrium is knob-like. Morphometric data of two female specimens are: body length 663 and 858 μm; body width 29 and 38 μm; onchiostyle length 52 and 53 μm; V 54 and 57%. Refractive thickenings at the vulva are very large and quandrangular in shape in the lateral optical section. Identification of these nematodes was further verified by sequencing two regions of rDNA (18S gene and D2/D3 expansion segments of the 28S gene). Single female and male specimens from NaCl storage were transferred to 0.5-ml Eppendorf tubes containing 0.25M NaOH. Total genomic DNA was prepared by a rapid technique (4). The 18S gene was amplified in three fragments using the primer SSU_F_04 + SSU_R_09 (first fragment), SSU_F_22 + SSU_R_13 (second fragment), and SSU_F_23 + SSU_R_81 (third fragment). D2/D3 expansion segments of the large subunit of rDNA were amplified using the forward primer D2A and the reverse primer D3B (2). The regions were sequenced in both directions after purification of PCR products. The sequences of female and male specimens were identical. The sequences were deposited in GenBank with Accession Nos. GQ148719 (28S) and GQ148719 (18S). The length of 18S was 1,760 bp and D2/D3 was 786 bp. The obtained sequences were compared by BLAST in NCBI. The D2/D3 sequence is not available in GenBank for T. variopapillatus. The best BLAST hits were obtained with Trichodorus species. BLAST results of 18S sequence showed 5% divergence (76 substitutions) after trimming unequal ends with published sequence of T. variopapillatus Accession No. AY284841. All substitutions were confirmed from the chromatographs. To our knowledge, this is the first report of T. variopapillatus associated with U. minor in the Czech Republic. References: (1) W. Decraemer and P. Baujard. Fundam. Appl. Nematol. 21:37 1998. (2) P. De Ley et al. Nematology 1:591, 1999. (3) D. Hooper. Nematologica 17:59, 1972. (4) J. M. Stanton. Australas. Plant Pathol. 27:112, 1998.

scholarly journals Phylogeny of European Anodontini (Bivalvia: Unionidae) with a redescription of Anodonta exulcerata

2019 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 745-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Riccardi ◽  
Elsa Froufe ◽  
Arthur E Bogan ◽  
Alexandra Zieritz ◽  
Amílcar Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Italian Peninsula ◽  
Correct Assignment ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Freshwater Bivalves

Abstract Freshwater bivalves are highly threatened and globally declining due to multiple anthropogenic impacts, making them important conservation targets. Because conservation policies and actions generally occur at the species level, accurate species identification and delimitation is critical. A recent phylogenetic study of Italian mussel populations revalidated an Anodonta species bringing the number of known European Anodontini from three to four species. The current study contributes to the clarification of the taxonomy and systematics of European Anodontini, using a combination of molecular, morphological and anatomical data, and constructs phylogenies based on complete mitogenomes. A redescription of A. exulcerata and a comparative analysis of morphological and anatomical characters with respect to the other two species of Anodonta present in the area are provided. No reliable diagnostic character has emerged from comparative analysis of the morphometric characters of 109 specimens from 16 sites across the Italian peninsula. In fact, the discriminant analysis resulted in a greater probability of correct assignment to the site of origin than to the species. This confirms the difficulties of an uncritical application of visual characters for the delimitation of species, especially for Anodontinae.

Comparative Analysis of the Surface Roughness Parameters due to the Machining Uniformity

2016 ◽  
Vol 367 ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Golabczak ◽  
Andrzej Konstantynowicz ◽  
Marcin Golabczak
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Data Organization ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
3D Profile

In the paper a new method has been proposed for the determining of the very fine machining uniformity over the elaborated surface and could be applied to different machined materials and machining procedures. The proposed methodology is relatively simple and is essentially formulated in the few subsequent steps: taking surface roughness 3D profile accordingly proposed scheme; estimation of the roughness statistical parameters: Rp, Rv, Rt, Ra, Rq, Rskew, Rkurt, and if need be – surface rugosity Ru; calculation of the centroid of the obtained data due to the measurement fields, calculation of the barycentre of the obtained data with the weighting variable chosen for the appropriate evaluation of the surface machining uniformity. As the main Cartesian coordinates of the centroid calculation we propose (Rskew, Rkurt), although other data organization schemes have also been provided as the example solutions. The final evaluation of the surface machining uniformity is based upon the Euclidean distance between the centroid and barycentre of the surface roughness data. The proposed method has been applied to experimental results obtained with the AFM technique used on samples of the polished AZ31 magnesium alloy. The surface machining procedure comprised of four stages performed with using different abrasive media, finally lead to the highest grade of the surface roughness.

ÉTUDE BIOMÉTRIQUE DU CARYOTYPE DE LA BRUCHE DU HARICOT (ACANTHOSCELIDES OBTECTUS, COLÉOPTÈRES, BRUCHIDAE)

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Garaud ◽  
P. Lecher
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Relative Length ◽  
Graphic Representation ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus ◽  
European Strain ◽  
Bean Beetle ◽  
Two Parameters

The karyotype of a European strain of the bean beetle, Acanthoscelides obtectus, has been made using biometrical methods with two parameters: arm ratio and relative length; each chromosome is defined by two values. Graphic representation of all chromosomes gave well scattered points. This method allowed us to determine the diploid number (2n = 20), sex mechanism (XY/XX) and the establishment of a definite karyotype. This study is part of an ongoing comparative analysis of strains from various geographical origins.[Translated by the journal]

scholarly journals Legs morphometric characters of the Dolichopus Latreille species, 1796 (Diptera, Dolichopodidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Mariya Alexandrovna Chursina ◽  
Oleg Pavlovich Negrobov
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Signal ◽  
Hind Tibia ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Insertion Point ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Morphometric Characters

A comparative analysis of 30 species of the Dolichopodidae family in a phylogenetic context was conducted to examine interspecific variation in the legs morphometry. Five relative traits of legs from 12 and seven absolute traits from nine showed significant phylogenetic signal. A set of traits, such as relatively short hind tibia and relatively long fore and middle tibia and the first segments of the hind legs allowed to allocate Dolichopus species from the other ones. The projection of the phylogenetic tree of Dolichopus species into the morphospace allowed us to divide it into four individual areas: not closely related species, but species having similar modifications of males legs tended to cluster. This suggests that the legs morphometric traits should be mainly under pressure of sexual selection. It has also been revealed that the elongation of the first segment of hind tarsi in Dolichopus species is associated with the distal displacement of the insertion point of dm-m with M4 and the decrease of the length of R4+5 . The functional significance of these characters set is discussed.

Morphometric variations of the Genus Barbonymus (Pisces, Cyprinidae) harvested from Aceh Waters, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-237
Author(s):  
Agung Setia Batubara ◽  
Zainal A. Muchlisin ◽  
Deni Efizon ◽  
Roza Elvyra ◽  
Nur Fadli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Univariate Anova ◽  
Multivariate Discriminant

Abstract The objective of the present study was to analyze the morphometric variations of the three presumed taxa within the Barbonymus group, namely B. gonionotus, referred to locally as naleh; B. schwanenfeldii, referred to locally as lampam-A; and Barbonymus sp. referred to locally as lampam-B. The naleh samples were collected from Nagan Raya District, while lampam-A and lampam-B were collected from Aceh Tamiang District, Indonesia. Traditional morphometric characters were measured in 150 fish samples (50 individuals of every taxon). The results of univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate (Discriminant function analysis, DFA) analyses showed that lampam-A and lampam-B have overlapping morphological characteristics, whereas naleh were distinctly different. Therefore, it is presumed that lampan A and lampan B are the same species of B. schwanenfeldii. It was concluded that the morphometric data indicated that there are two species of Barbonymus in Aceh waters, i.e., B. schwanenfeldii and B. gonionotus.

Erratum

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-496
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Graphic Representation ◽  
Government Revenue ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Alcohol Control ◽  
Private Profit ◽  
Drug Problems

M. Lawrence Schrad, Toward a comparative analysis of state alcohol-control systems: The triadic model, Contemporary Drug Problems 32, pp. 195–223, Summer 2005. Unforeseen technical difficulties are frequently a part of the academic enterprise. Unfortunately, due to an error in the printing process, the nine separate grayscale figures that provide greater understanding of the analytical content of the article Toward a comparative analysis of state alcohol-control systems were transformed into unflattering black silhouettes. The figures were intended to illustrate the triadic relationship between three potential beneficiaries of the alcohol trade: public health and social order (H), government revenue (R), and private profit (P). The level of benefits accruing to each node of the triad can nevertheless be seen by comparing the relative size of the cylinder representing each public health (H) being the cylinder crowned with a graphic representation of five individuals, the government revenue (R) cylinder topped with a miniature treasury building, and private profit being capped by buildings and factories as graphic representations of private initiative. In the published article, a taller cylinder represents a greater amount of benefits accruing to the potential beneficiary, while a shorter cylinder represents little accrued benefit. Likewise, the arrows indicative of benefit flows are also easily viewed. The only figure that requires greater clarification is the final one, Figure 9 on page 214, as all of the text boxes that contained explanations for the corresponding benefit flows to and from the various nodes were transformed into unsightly black blobs in the printing process. Therefore I have included below an earlier graphic representation of Figure 9. What it lacks in aesthetic appeal it makes up for in simplicity. Explanations are given in terms of mechanisms that can be enacted by the various players in the model, which could potentially cause benefits to flow from one node to another. It is my hope that this explanation will suffice to give a clearer picture of a model that, for better or worse, relies heavily on a visual interpretation. [Figure: see text]

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