BLOOD SMEAR PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN BALI ROYAL HOSPITAL

Background: Each year, dengue hemorrhagic fever has grown. Clinical hematological examinations and blood preparations are used to confirm the diagnosis. Purpose: To detect, assess and characterize dengue hemorrhagic fever blood smear at Bali Royal Hospital. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive observational study-was conducted in April at Bali Royal Hospital on 37 patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever, clinical hematological tests and the manufacture of blood preparations identified using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Platelet counts, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, leukocyte counts, clinic degrees, gender and age, and blue plasma lymphocytes, are all used in hematological analyzed by univariate, ANOVA and BNT tests to analyze data. Result: Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever are mostly toddlers and children (35.13%), women (54.0%), and dengue fever degree I (64.86%) with positive blue plasma lymphocytes (51.36%). Platelet counts, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit values, and leukocyte counts are significantly changed on days 3, 6, and 9, with probability values (p=0.000) less than p=0.01. The findings of the BNT test indicate that the number of platelets and haemoglobin on various days is significantly different (p<0.01), but the hematocrit value and leukocyte calculation are not significantly different (p>0.01). Conclusion: Clinical hematological tests and blood preparations reveal a blood component anomaly in Dengue Haemorragic Fever (DHF) patients at Bali Royal Hospital on days 3, 6, and 9.

Effect of storage time on the urine protein: creatinine ratio in alkaline ovine urine

The urine protein:creatinine (UPC) ratio is considered the reference method to assess proteinuria. Its diagnostic value in ovine medicine needs further elucidation. In population monitoring and/or for research purposes, it is convenient to collect many samples simultaneously and store them for later analysis. However, analyte stability data are required to ensure reliable results. We used 15 of 90 urine samples collected from sheep to assess the effect of storage time on the UPC ratio. After centrifugation, the supernatant of each sample was divided into 6 aliquots. Urine protein and creatinine concentrations were determined immediately in one aliquot using the pyrogallol red and a modified Jaffè method, respectively. The other aliquots were stored at −18°C. Based on the absence of active sediment, alkaline urine pH, and UPC ratio ≥ 0.2, we included 15 samples in our study. The UPC ratio was determined in the stored aliquots 2, 7, 14, 21, and 60 d after collection. The data were analyzed with univariate ANOVA. No significant difference was observed in the urinary concentrations of protein, creatinine, and the UPC ratio (0.8 ± 0.84 in conventional units and 0.09 ± 0.095 in SI units) among different times ( p > 0.05). The UPC ratio remained stable for 2 mo in ovine urine samples stored at −18°C.

Relationship between effectiveness and match outcome in the Spanish Water Polo League (Relación entre efectividad y resultado del partido en la Liga Española de Waterpolo)

The purpose of the present study was to identify the indicators of offensive effectiveness which best discriminate by match score (favourable, balanced or unfavourable) in water polo. The sample comprised 88 regular season games (2011-2014) from the Spanish Professional Water Polo League. Univariate (ANOVA test; Kruskal-Wallis test and Generalized Linear Model test (GLM)) and multivariate (Discriminant) analysis were used to compare favourable, balanced or unfavourable games, and effect sizes of the differences for the indicators were calculated. The results showed that favourable games had averages that were significantly higher for the success rate in even attacks and shots, power-play attacks and shots, counterattack and counterattack shots, shots from zone 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, drive shots, and shots after 1, 2 and more than 2 fakes. The indicators of offensive effectiveness that most discriminated were the success rate for drive shots (SC=-.624), even attacks and shots (SC=-.359 and SC=-.322, respectively), and for power-play actions and shots (SC=-.343 and SC=-.321, respectively). These results could help coaches when planning training and competition, providing them with the percentages of offensive effectiveness that must be reinforced in order to have more chances to win the match. This information can help coaches to evaluate their teams and to design training aimed at improving their weakest skills. Resumen: El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar los indicadores de eficacia ofensiva que mejor discriminan en función del resultado del partido (favorable, equilibrado o desfavorable) en el waterpolo. La muestra estuvo formada por 88 partidos de temporada regular (2011-2014) de la Liga Española de Waterpolo Profesional. Se utilizaron análisis univariados (prueba ANOVA; prueba de Kruskal Wallis y prueba del Modelo Lineal Generalizado (GLM)) y multivariante (discriminante) para comparar resultados favorables, equilibrados o desfavorables, y se calcularon los tamaños del efecto de las diferencias para los indicadores. Los resultados mostraron que los equipos con resultado favorables tenían promedios significativamente más altos para la tasa de efectividad en ataques y lanzamientos en igualdad, ataques y lanzamientos en superioridad, ataques y lanzamientos de contraataque, lanzamientos de zona 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 y 6, lanzamientos directos y después de 1, 2 y más de 2 efectividad en lanzamientos directos (SC=-.624), ataques y lanzamientos en igualdad (SC=-.359 y SC=-.322, respectivamente), y ataques y lanzamientos en superioridad (SC=-.343 y SC=-.321, respectivamente). Estos resultados podrían ayudar a los entrenadores a la hora de planificar los entrenamientos y la competición, proporcionándoles los porcentajes de efectividad ofensiva que se deben reforzar para tener más posibilidades de ganar el partido. Puede ayudar a los entrenadores a evaluar a sus equipos y diseñar entrenamientos destinados a mejorar sus habilidades más débiles.

Intensive Rehabilitation Program in Arterial Occlusive Disease Patients

Peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) limits walking efficiency and distance. The main disabling symptom is vasculopathy that leads to claudicatio intermittens and limits walking efficiency. Stretching techniques are effective in treatments for retractions and are used to improve flexibility of triceps surae and range of motion of the ankle. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of a combined walking and stretching program on walking efficiency in elderly PAOD patients. Seventy patients with PAOD stage II of the Leriche–Fontaine classification were randomly assigned into a stretching group (SG) or conditioning group (CG). Both groups participated in an eleven-day intensive rehabilitation program based on walking and strength training, while the SG performed five extra sessions of stretching. Walking autonomy was assessed through treadmill and overground tests with the recording of initial and absolute pain. A univariate ANOVA analysis was applied for the differences between the initial and final outcomes. Walking autonomy improved in both groups (p < 0.01), while only the SG improved flexibility (from −14.0 ± 8.1 to −10.3 ± 8.3 cm; p < 0.01). An intensive eleven-day rehabilitation program based on walking, strength, and stretching exercises is effective to improve the onset and the delay of pain during walking in patients with PAOD.

Diversification of yellow-flowered Sempervivum (crassulaceae) species from the Balkan Peninsula: Evidence from the morphometric study of the epidermal structures of rosette leaves

Several related yellow-flowered houseleek species which occur on the Balkan Peninsula are divided into two complexes: Sempervivum ciliosum (S. ciliosum, S. jakucsii, S. klepa, S. octopodes, and S. galicicum) and the S. ruthenicum complex (S. ruthenicum, S. leucanthum, S. kindingeri, and S. zeleborii). Due to strong phenotypic plasticity and a limited number of studies, it is difficult to assert at this point whether all the above species are well defined in the taxonomic sense. Detailed studies of the epidermal structures have not been conducted for any of the species in either complex. The aim of this study was to investigate the degree of variability of the epidermal structures together with their potential usefulness for the taxonomic characterization of the species studied. A total of 18 quantitative characters of the epidermal structures of the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the rosette leaves were analysed within 16 populations. In all species, the epidermal cells are polygonal or irregularly shaped, with straight or sinuous anticlinal walls, while the rosette leaves are amphistomatic with anisocytic stomata. Simple biseriate multicellular glandular trichomes were found on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces and the margins of the rosette leaves. The results of the descriptive statistics, univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate statistical analysis (CDA, AHC) showed low to high variability in the epidermal cells, guard cells and trichomes. The multivariate analysis showed diversification among the complexes and species. The length of the marginal and apical trichomes of the rosette leaves contributed most to diversification.

Sex-related differences in geometry, plaques and shear stress related plaque-progression in human coronary arteries

Background Atherosclerosis manifests itself differently in women compared to men. Since the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic plaques is known to be related to endothelial shear stress (ESS), it was hypothesized that female compared to male coronary arteries demonstrate a different i) ESS and ii) ESS related plaque progression. Methods 1183 coronary arteries (male/female:944/239) from the PREDICTION trial were studied for differences in vessel geometry (plaque area (PA) and lumen area (LA)), hemodynamic parameters (flow, minimal ESS over 90 degree arc (minESS) and maximal ESS over 90 degree arc (maxESS)) and ESS related plaque progression (1 year follow up) measured as change in maximal plaque thickness and plaque burden comparing female to male arteries. Arterial geometry and ESS measures were derived from IVUS-based vascular profiling and reported per 3 mm segments. For plaque progression studies minESS was subdivided into low, mid and high (&lt;1,1–1.7,&gt;1.7 Pa). To test statistical differences univariate anova or linear mixed models were used. Results 13030 3mm-segments (m/f: 10.465/2565) were analyzed. Female compared to male coronary arteries were smaller and presented with less plaque area (Table I). No differences in average ESS, minESS and maxESS were found for male versus female coronary arteries, partly explained by the lower flows in female arteries (Table I). The ESS-related plaque growth showed for both sexes an significant inverse relationship between maximal wall thickness (Figure, left) and plaque burden (Figure, right) and the three minESS categories. However, ESS-related plaque growth was not different for male vs females. Conclusion Our data demonstrated that vessel and plaque size are smaller in female compared to male coronary arteries. However, ESS and ESS related plaque progression were not different. Shear stress related plaque progression Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Effect of a Lower Limb Restless Period on Expression of Mir-1 and Mir-206 Neural Muscle Genes in Endurance Training Rats

Background and Aim: Several microRNAs are involved in regulating muscle mass, which plays an essential role in hypertrophy and atrophy of skeletal muscle, The present study examined the expression of some genes as regulators of muscular atrophy following a period of inertia in rats. Methods & Materials: For this purpose, 18 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (Control, Exercise+inactivity, and Inactivity). The exercise+inactivity group run on the treadmill for 18 weeks and five times per week. The hindlimb of the animal was immobilized for seven days with the casting method. Soleus muscle was extracted and the expression of the genes was measured by the RT-PCR method. Univariate ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test was used to determine the differences (α=0.05). Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee of the Tehran University of Medical Sciences Research approved this study (Code: IR.SUMS.REC.1396.S 463). Results: Results showed that immobilization in both Exercise+ inactivity and inactivity groups, compare to the control group, increased expression of miR-1 genes (P<0.10), FOXO3a (P<0.001) and decreased expression of miR-206 (P<0.007) and IGF-1 (P<0.001). This difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be said that changes in the expression of RNAs by chromatography cause changes in the expression of muscle regulating genes, and although endurance exercises have protective effects, they cannot prevent these changes.

“The right information”: perceptions of information bias among Black Wikipedians

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine motivators that drive Black Wikipedia contribution. The authors explore motivations around content contribution, effects of gender on motivations and self-perceptions of Black Wikipedia labor. Design/methodology/approach A total of 318 Black American Wikipedia contributors completed an online survey. The authors employed both quantitative and qualitative methods in the study including descriptive statistics, multivariate (MANOVA) and univariate (ANOVA) analysis of variance to examine gender differences in Wikipedia content contribution. In addition, open-ended responses were evaluated, through content analysis, to make inferences on their perceptions of Wikipedia labor. Findings This paper identifies racial identity and perceptions of information quality as strong motivators in content contribution among Black Wikipedians. Motivators are gender variant; men are more motivated than women with the lone exception being racial identity. Additionally, the study identifies Wikipedia as a contested space among Black contributors and is a site of resistance. Originality/value Black Wikipedians information activity is a relatively new and understudied phenomenon. This paper presents new insight and a deeper understanding of Black Wikipedians’ motivations for information sharing behaviors in the most popular encyclopedia on the internet.

Remotely Sensed Vegetation Indices to Discriminate Field-Grown Olive Cultivars

The application of spectral sensors mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) assures high spatial and temporal resolutions. This research focused on canopy reflectance for cultivar recognition in an olive grove. The ability in cultivar recognition of 14 vegetation indices (VIs) calculated from reflectance patterns (green520–600, red630–690 and near-infrared760–900 bands) and an image segmentation process was evaluated on an open-field olive grove with 10 different scion/rootstock combinations (two scions by five rootstocks). Univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate (principal components analysis—PCA and linear discriminant analysis—LDA) statistical approaches were applied. The efficacy of VIs in scion recognition emerged clearly from all the approaches applied, whereas discrimination between rootstocks appeared unclear. The results of LDA ascertained the efficacy of VI application to discriminate between scions with an accuracy of 90.9%, whereas recognition of rootstocks failed in more than 68.2% of cases.

Morphometric variations of the Genus Barbonymus (Pisces, Cyprinidae) harvested from Aceh Waters, Indonesia

The objective of the present study was to analyze the morphometric variations of the three presumed taxa within the Barbonymus group, namely B. gonionotus, referred to locally as naleh; B. schwanenfeldii, referred to locally as lampam-A; and Barbonymus sp. referred to locally as lampam-B. The naleh samples were collected from Nagan Raya District, while lampam-A and lampam-B were collected from Aceh Tamiang District, Indonesia. Traditional morphometric characters were measured in 150 fish samples (50 individuals of every taxon). The results of univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate (Discriminant function analysis, DFA) analyses showed that lampam-A and lampam-B have overlapping morphological characteristics, whereas naleh were distinctly different. Therefore, it is presumed that lampan A and lampan B are the same species of B. schwanenfeldii. It was concluded that the morphometric data indicated that there are two species of Barbonymus in Aceh waters, i.e., B. schwanenfeldii and B. gonionotus.