scholarly journals Spatial dynamics of understorey insectivorous birds and arthropods in a southeastern Brazilian Atlantic woodlot

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA. Manhães ◽  
MM. Dias
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Insectivorous Birds ◽  
Montane Rain Forest ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Arthropod Fauna ◽  
Capture Rates

Spatial distribution and spatial relationships in capture rates of understorey insectivorous birds and density of arthropods were investigated in a patch of upper montane rain forest in Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil, from January to December 2004. The composition of the arthropod fauna collected was similar to that reported for other tropical forests, with predominance of Araneae, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera non-Heteroptera. A total of 26 bird species were captured, among which the more common were Dysithamnus mentalis, Conopophaga lineata, Platyrinchus mystaceus, Basileuterus culicivorus and Sclerurus scansor. Variation in the bird capture rates among sampling net lines were not correlated with arthropod density. Rather, individual analyses of some bird species suggest that spatial distribution of understorey insectivorous birds is better explained by habitat type.

scholarly journals Redes de pendularidade estudantil dos polos sub-regionais do interior de Minas Gerais

GeoTextos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Santiago Soares ◽  
Carlos Lobo ◽  
Isabela Lopes Meneses
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Patterns Of Distribution ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
National Growth

<p>No interior do estado de Minas, o crescimento total bruto de matrículas no ensino superior, entre 1991 e 2010, foi de 371,82%, relativamente maior do que o nacional (309,41%). Cabe, portanto, uma análise sobre as formas de polarização e as características da mobilidade pendular de estudantes na rede de centros regionais no estado. Neste artigo, avaliam-se os fluxos e os padrões de distribuição das redes de pendularidade de estudantes entre os centros regionais do interior do estado de Minas Gerais, tendo como base os dados do Censo Demográfico de 2010. Foram analisados os movimentos de pendularidade de estudantes de vinte e dois centros considerados de alta centralidade, aqui denominados sub-regionais. A interpretação foi elaborada por meio da avaliação das redes de distribuição espacial, conjugada com a mensuração de indicadores como a Distância Média ponderada (DMp) e a Razão de pendularidade escolar (RPe), o que permitiu a distinção dos movimentos estudantil e laboral. Os resultados indicam a magnitude de deslocamentos intrarregionais e maior abrangência espacial de polarização de cinco sub-centros regionais. Quinze municípios apresentaram RPe maior que um, ou seja, possuem a prevalência na atração da pendularidade estudantil, o que mostra a relevância do papel das instituições de ensino na atração populacional.</p><p><span>Abstract</span></p><p>NETWORKS OF STUDENTS’ PENDULAR MOVEMENTS FOR THE SUBREGIONAL POLES OF THE COUNTRYSIDE OF MINAS GERAIS</p><p>In the countryside of Minas Gerais state (MG), the absolute growth in the period between 1991 and 2010 was of 371,82%, which is a bit higher than the National growth (309,41%). Such context raises questions about the forms of polarization and the students’ pendular fluxes between regional centres. In this article I evaluate these fluxes and the patterns of distribution of the networks of students’ pendular motion among the regional centres of the countryside of MG based on the data of the Demographic Census of 2010. I analysed students’ pendular movements from 22 centres located in the exact centre of the state, which I named “subregionals” for the purposes of this paper. My interpretation was built through the evaluation of the networks of spatial distribution compared with the measurement of the Average Weighed Distance (DMp in Portuguese) and with the Rate of Students’ Pendular Movements (RPe in Portuguese), which allowed me to distinguish between the students’ and workers’ movements. The results I obtained reveal the magnitude of the interregional movements and a higher spatial encompassment of the polarization of five regional centres, seats of Federal Universities. Fifteen municipalities have shown an RPe higher than 1, which means they present a prevalence of students’ pendular movements, revealing the importance of theeducational institutions’ role in the spatial dynamics of the population.</p>

scholarly journals Activity patterns of nine phyllostomid bat species in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmilla Moura de Souza Aguiar ◽  
Jader Marinho-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Capture Rates

Seasonal, monthly and hourly activity patterns of nine bat species were studied based on their capture rates at the Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Feliciano Miguel Abdala (RPPN-FMA), Caratinga, Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil. The frugivorous and nectarivorous bat species have their activity closely related to the availability of food. Divergence in monthly and hourly activity is discussed for pairs of similar species and the hypothesis of reduction in competition for nectarivorous and frugivorous species are rejected. Further studies on frugivores-plants interactions should be conducted to assess the long term consequences for the whole system at the RPPN-MFA.

scholarly journals Feeding resource partitioning between two understorey insectivorous birds in a fragment of Neotropical cloud forest

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 176-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Manhães ◽  
M. M. Dias ◽  
A. L. C. Lima
Keyword(s):  
Diet Composition ◽  
Prey Size ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Insectivorous Birds ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Montane Rain Forest ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Niche Dimension

Abstract The food habits and niche overlap based on diet composition and prey size of two species of understorey insectivorous birds were investigated in an area of montane rain forest in the state of Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. A total of 43 birds were captured: 33 individuals of Conopophaga lineata (Conopophagidae) with 13 recaptures, and 10 individuals of Myiothlypis leucoblephara (Parulidae) with 12 recaptures, from which were obtained respectively 33 and 10 fecal samples. Fragments of 16 groups of arthropods, plus insect eggs, were identified in these samples. Conopophaga lineata predominantly consumed Formicidae (32%) and Isoptera (23.6%). However, the index of alimentary importance (AI) of Isoptera (3.53) was lower than other groups such as Formicidae (AI = 61.88), Coleoptera (AI = 16.17), insect larvae (AI = 6.95) and Araneae (AI = 6.6). Myiothlypis leucoblephara predominantly consumed Formicidae (28.2%) and Coleoptera (24.4%), although Coleoptera and Hymenoptera non-Formicidae had the highest values of AI (38.71 and 22.98 respectively). Differences in the proportions of the types of arthropods consumed by birds were not enough to reveal their separation into feeding niches (overlap = 0.618, p observed ≤ expected = 0.934), whereas differences in the use of resources was mainly due to the size of the prey (p<0.001), where C lineata, the species with the highest body mass (p<0.001) consumed larger prey. It is plausible that prey size is an axis of niche dimension that allows the coexistence of these species.

scholarly journals Local abundance and spatial distribution of some migratory birds during post-breeding period

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Gyurácz ◽  
Sándor Kalmár ◽  
Réka Baráth
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Migratory Birds ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Migratory Bird ◽  
Great Tit ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Blue Tit ◽  
Sambucus Ebulus ◽  
Local Abundance

AbstractThe local abundance and spatial distribution of the short- to medium-distance migratory and daytime stopover passerines (Robin Erithacus rubecula, Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita, Blue tit Parus caeruleus, Great tit P. major) were studied in a West Hungarian stopover ground during post-breeding season. The dispergation index of all migratory bird species revealed clumped distribution both in „smallest annual capture year” (abb. SACY) and the „largest annual capture year” (abb. LACY). According to the PCA the spatial occurrences of Blackcap, Blue tit and Great tit captured in LACY showed significantly higher concentration than of those migrating in SACY. The studied species appeared in all four habitats (bushy, forest, grassland, marsh) of the study stopover area, but their clumped spatial distribution showed habitat preference. The abundance-dependent shift of habitat selection was found only in Great tit, the most of them captured in SACY concentrated in grassland with bushy, while the ones captured in LACY grouped in forest habitat type. Blackcaps were grouped the grassland with bushes habitat type where many Dwarf elder (Sambucus ebulus) bushes were available during autumn migration.

scholarly journals First assessment of the avifauna of Araucaria forests and other habitats from extreme southern Minas Gerais, Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil, with notes on biogeography and conservation

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos ◽  
Santos D'Angelo Neto
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Unknown Area

The avifauna of the Araucaria forests in the higher reaches of the Serra da Mantiqueira massif is little known and poorly documented. This region is recognized as an important area of differentiation of birds in southeastern Brazil. Here, we present the first ornithological survey of the Araucaria forests and associated habitats in the mountains of extreme southern Minas Gerais state, near the southern tip of the Serra da Mantiqueira. The study area comprises the Serra do Juncal region and several adjacent sites, located in the municipalities of Gonçalves and Camanducaia. We recorded 206 bird species, of which 57 (27.7%) are endemic to the Atlantic forest. Several records represent the first specimens for Minas Gerais, in the hinterlands of Serra da Mantiqueira, proving that many Atlantic species also occur in the intern most slope of this mountain range. Examples are: Dysithamnus xanthopterus, Chamaeza ruficauda, Leptasthenura setaria, Heliobletus contaminatus, Hemitriccus obsoletus, Phylloscartes difficilis, Piprites pileata, Poospiza thoracica, and Cacicus chrysopterus. The region is also a previously unknown area of sympatry of other closely related species: Scytalopus notorius and S. speluncae, Lepidocolaptes squamatus and L. falcinellus, and Basileuterus culicivorus and B. hypoleucus. Both species of Lepidocolaptes and Basileuterus hybridize in the region. We also comment on the avifauna conservation, which have been threatened by eco-tourism, building of new styles of houses, domestic animals, forest fragmentation, and plantations.

scholarly journals BIRDS OF PARQUE ESTADUAL DO BIRIBIRI, CENTRAL ESPINHAÇO RANGE, BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 871-879
Author(s):  
Estevão Luís Pereira Lima ◽  
◽  
Rone Fernando de Carvalho ◽  
Leonardo Guimarães Lessa
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Wildlife Trafficking ◽  
Ecological Transition ◽  
Near Threatened

The Central Espinhaço Range forms a large biogeographical barrier that contains areas of ecological transition between two important conservation hotspots in Brazil: the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado. This research aims to present the first consolidated list of bird species from Parque Estadual do Biribiri (PEBI) located in the Central Espinhaço Range at Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil. We recorded 172 bird species between August/November 2018 and January/April 2019, of which 15 are associated with the surrounding biomes (Caatinga, Cerrado and Atlantic Forest) and three species restricted to the southeastern Brazilian mountain tops. Among those species, four are considered globally Near Threatened and 41 species are listed under wildlife trafficking species, indicating the importance of conserving this area. Therefore, our results highlight the importance of PEBI and stress the importance of such transitional areas for maintaining diversity of birds in the Espinhaço Range.

The Growth and Shifting Spatial Distribution of Tent Encampments in Oakland, California

2021 ◽  
Vol 693 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-300
Author(s):  
Ryan Finnigan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Transitional Housing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The City

Tent encampments have become an especially common form of homelessness in West Coast cities like Oakland, California, where the number of people living in tent encampments increased by 130 percent between 2017 and 2019. Living in tent encampments provides residents both benefits and risks, depending on the encampments’ location, size, and stability. Using data from Google Street Views, I document the growth and spatial dynamics of tent encampments in west and central Oakland over the last decade. The number and size of tent encampments rapidly increased between 2014 and 2019, varying widely in their stability. City interventions like the city’s outdoor transitional housing sites displaced several large tent encampments. Combined with overall tent encampment growth, these displacements dispersed the encampments throughout nearby neighborhoods and other parts of the city.

A new species of Microvelia Westwood, 1834 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from southeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4958 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
OSÉIAS MARTINS MAGALHÃES ◽  
GUSTAVO LISBOA VIEIRA MACHADO ◽  
MARCO ANTONIO ALVES CARNEIRO ◽  
FELIPE FERRAZ FIGUEIREDO MOREIRA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
A New Species

Microvelia joceliae Magalhães & Moreira, sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on material from Parque Natural Municipal das Andorinhas, Minas Gerais State, in southeastern Brazil. The new species can be distinguished from congeners occurring in the region by the pronotum of the apterous form covering almost the entire thorax dorsally, proepisternum with black denticles, male abdominal segments V–VII ventrally depressed, shape of the asymmetrical parameres, and female abdominal laterotergites reflected over the mediotergites and almost touching over segments V–VII. 

scholarly journals Patterns of geographic distribution and conservation of the open-habitat avifauna of southeastern Brazilian mountaintops (campos rupestres and campos de altitude)

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Ferreira de Vasconcelos ◽  
Marcos Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Campos Rupestres ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
Serra Do Mar ◽  
Campos De Altitude ◽  
Open Habitat ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis

Montane open-habitats of southeastern Brazil are represented by the campos rupestres (principally in the Espinhaço Range) and by the campos de altitude (in the Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira). In spite of the occurrence of endemic species in both vegetation types, an analysis and synthesis of their bird communities have never been conducted. In this paper, we present an avifaunal survey of these areas, describe patterns of geographic distribution, and comment on the conservation of those open-habitats and their avifauna. A total of 231 bird species was recorded in the open-habitats of southeastern Brazilian mountaintops. In the campos rupestres, 205 species were recorded, while in the campos de altitude, the total was 123 species. Five patterns of distribution are recognizable among birds occurring in these habitats: non-endemic (191 species), Atlantic Forest endemics (26 species), Cerrado endemics (6 species), Caatinga endemic (1 species), and montane open-habitat endemics (7 species). In spite of the presence of several protected areas in those regions, the existing reserves do not guarantee the conservation of their important vegetation types and their avifaunas under current low levels of implementation. Since several endemic and threatened bird species live in the campos rupestres and campos de altitude, more efforts must be directed for their conservation.

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