scholarly journals Epilepsy and marijuana - a review

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Galvão Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychotropic Action ◽  
Psychotropic Effects

ABSTRACT The medicinal use of components of Cannabis sativa (marijuana) has been studied around the world. Some of these components may have anti-convulsive properties, though the reports are controversial, and sometimes come from single case reports and clinical anecdotes. Because of ethical aspects, as some of the components of cannabis have psychotropic effects, this is a very important issue. New researches have demonstrated that some components of cannabis that don't have psychotropic action may play a role in controlling seizures. This paper reviews the relation between epilepsy and the components of cannabis sativa.

scholarly journals Cannabinoids as a yield modifier in physical activit: A systematic review characters

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 018-021
Author(s):  
Corrêa Leonardo Tibiriçá ◽  
Peña Muñoz Juliana Weckx ◽  
Pacca Faria Beatriz do Prado ◽  
Santana Jeferson ◽  
Rocha Leandro Yanase ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
The United States ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
The World ◽  
Recreational Use

Marijuana is considered illicit in much of the world, and is classified as a drug for recreational use, in recent decades the medicinal use of Cannabis sativa L. has grown and diversified, being considered the only therapeutic alternative in the control of serious and incurable diseases such as syndrome of Dravet. The world panorama has shown a more liberal position, since in several countries such as the United States of America, Holland, Australia, Italy, and more recently in Canada, the use of medications, or even the recreational use of this plant, have been regulated. In this context, the investigation of the modifying effects on physical activity of empirically used cannabinoids is fundamental nowadays, mainly due to the regulatory recognition of Cannabis sativa L. as a medicinal plant in a large part of the world. Therefore, the objective of this review was to verify the evidence related to the effect of cannabis on physical performance and to identify and highlight the challenges in the interpretation of information regarding the performance of practitioners of physical activity, as well as athletes, presenting new trends in this area of research to be addressed. To carry out the systematic review, a bibliographic survey of case reports was obtained through Pubmed, Science Direct and Google Academic databases. The following keywords were used to perform the research: cannabis, performance, pain, competition. The following filters were used as inclusion criteria a languages used english; species: humans; types of articles: original articles and reviews and period of publication of articles: 1981 to 2021.

Konopie siewne Cannabis sativa L. – jeden z najstarszych gatunków roślin użytkowych

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Strzelczyk ◽  
Ryszard Kaniewski
Keyword(s):  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
The World ◽  
Indian Hemp

The species Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) includes fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L. var. sativa) and indian hemp (narcotic) (Cannabis sativa L. var. indica), differing in the level of cannabinoids, mainly Δ9THC, which in fiber hemp is below 0.2%. Fiber hemp is a plant widespread around the world, cultivated mainly for its fiber, used for a variety of purposes. The seeds are used in the food, cosmetic industries and birds food. The medicinal use of cannabis has been known for over 5,000 years. The pharmacological properties of the cannabinoids dominant in indian hemp make them useful in the treatment of various diseases. The presence of the psychoactive Δ9THC is controversial.

Histórias escritas com sangue: Uma análise de processos judiciários de assassinatos de mulheres em Goiânia (1970-1984)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neide Célia Ferreira Barros
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Country Life ◽  
The World ◽  
Gender Power

This book analyzes the criminal processes of homicides or attempted homicides of women in Goiânia during the period of 1970-1984. We observed the gender power relations in the capital of Goiás, a border region, a mixture of country life elements and discourses of modernity. Hence, through case reports of women who suffered attacks on their lives in a period of intense changes, such as the organization of feminist groups in Brazil and the world, political and economic repercussions of the construction of Brasília in Goiás and mass immigration to Goiânia, we have pursued to understand what it meant socially to "be a man" and "to be a woman" in this capital and what consequences were brought into their bodies, concerning life and death, protection and punishment.

scholarly journals Post-Infectious Guillain–Barré Syndrome Related to SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Pasquale Sansone ◽  
Luca Gregorio Giaccari ◽  
Caterina Aurilio ◽  
Francesco Coppolino ◽  
Valentina Esposito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Fisher Syndrome ◽  
Immunomodulating Therapy ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Background. Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of flaccid paralysis, with about 100,000 people developing the disorder every year worldwide. Recently, the incidence of GBS has increased during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemics. We reviewed the literature to give a comprehensive overview of the demographic characteristics, clinical features, diagnostic investigations, and outcome of SARS-CoV-2-related GBS patients. Methods. Embase, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Trials Register were systematically searched on 24 September 2020 for studies reporting on GBS secondary to COVID-19. Results. We identified 63 articles; we included 32 studies in our review. A total of 41 GBS cases with a confirmed or probable COVID-19 infection were reported: 26 of them were single case reports and 6 case series. Published studies on SARS-CoV-2-related GBS typically report a classic sensorimotor type of GBS often with a demyelinating electrophysiological subtype. Miller Fisher syndrome was reported in a quarter of the cases. In 78.1% of the cases, the response to immunomodulating therapy is favourable. The disease course is frequently severe and about one-third of the patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS requires mechanical ventilation and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. Rarely the outcome is poor or even fatal (10.8% of the cases). Conclusion. Clinical presentation, course, response to treatment, and outcome are similar in SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS and GBS due to other triggers.

Analysis of Clinical, Imaging, and Pathologic Features of 36 Patients with Primary Intraspinal Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors: A Case Series and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefeng Wei ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Zimu Song ◽  
Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Neuroectodermal Tumors ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and Study Aims Primary intraspinal primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) account for ∼0.4% of all intraspinal tumors, but information about these tumors in the medical literature is limited to single case reports. We report four cases of primary intraspinal PNETs and present a systematic literature review of the reported cases. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the clinical data of 4 patients with primary intraspinal PNETs who underwent neurosurgical treatment at our clinic between January 2013 and January 2020, and of 32 cases reported in the literature. Results The female-to-male ratio was 2.6:1. The mean patient age was 21.42 ± 15.76 years (range: 1–60 years), and patients <36 years of age accounted for 83.30% of the study cohort. Progressive limb weakness and numbness were the chief symptoms (accounting for ∼55.6%). The mean complaint duration was 0.89 ± 0.66 months for males and 2.72 ± 3.82 months for females (p = 0.028). Epidural (41.7%) was the most common site, and thoracic (47.3%) was the most frequent location. Most PNETs were peripheral, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance was isointense or mildly hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Homogeneous contrast enhancement was observed. The 1-year survival rate of patients who underwent chemoradiation after total or subtotal lesion resection was better compared with patients who did not undergo chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or total or subtotal resection. The modality of treatment was associated with survival time (p = 0.007). Conclusion Primary intraspinal PNETs mainly occur in young people with a female preponderance. In patients with a rapid loss of lower limb muscle strength and large intraspinal lesions on MRI, PNETs should be considered. Surgical resection and adjuvant radio chemotherapy are key prognostic factors.

Micronodular Thymoma With Lymphoid Stroma: A Trio of Cases, With Diverse-associated Histological Features

2021 ◽  
pp. 106689692110011
Author(s):  
Neha Bakshi ◽  
Shashi Dhawan ◽  
Seema Rao ◽  
Kishan Singh Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Lymphoid Stroma ◽  
Thymic Cysts ◽  
Robotic Thymectomy ◽  
Conventional Type

Introduction. Micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma (MNTLS) is a rare thymoma subtype characterized by distinctive histological appearance, unique clinical profile, and indolent course with good prognosis. In addition to its distinctive morphology, MNTLS may be associated with diverse histological features, such as thymic cysts and conventional thymoma, complicating the diagnostic picture further. Materials and methods. We report herein an account of 3 elderly patients (male—02; female—01), who presented with anterior mediastinal mass, and underwent robotic thymectomy. Microscopic examination revealed MNTLS in all 3 cases. In addition, 2 cases showed associated histological features in the form of a multilocular thymic cyst and conventional (type B2) thymoma, respectively. All 3 patients are doing well without recurrence or metastasis at 34, 28, and 19 months postsurgery. Conclusions. Awareness of this rare thymoma subtype is vital among pathologists to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure appropriate patient management. To date, only a few cases of this rare thymoma subtype have been reported in the literature, mostly as single case reports.

Thrombolytic Treatment of Acute Cerebral Infarction

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 539-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Burger ◽  
Deborah R. Horowitz
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Thrombolytic Treatment ◽  
Acute Stroke Patient ◽  
Acute Therapy ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator ◽  
The World ◽  
Tissue Plasminogen ◽  
Improved Outcome

AbstractStroke is a common cause of death and disability throughout the world. Acute neurologic deficits due to ischemic injury deserve rapid recognition and diagnosis in order to provide effective therapy. Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) provided to carefully selected patients that can be treated within 3 hours of stroke onset results in improved outcome in these patients. Intra-arterial administration of t-PA within a 6-hour window is performed at several academic centers in patients with middle cerebral and other intracranial artery occlusions based on results of one randomized clinical trial and numerous case reports. Although acute therapy of ischemic stroke has received much attention since the approval of intravenous t-PA, only a small percentage of individuals suffering a stroke actually receive t-PA. This article will review the optimal management of the acute stroke patient and discuss thrombolytic clinical trials that have been completed as well as those that are in progress.

scholarly journals Schwannoma of the abdominal wall: updated literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Panici Tonucci ◽  
Andrea Sironi ◽  
Eleonora Pisa ◽  
Benedetta Di Venosa ◽  
Luigi Bonavina
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Palpable Mass ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Benign Schwannoma

Summary Background Schwannoma is a benign tumor arising from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerves. It is often asymptomatic and can develop in the retroperitoneum, mediastinum, head and neck region, and upper and lower extremities. Schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare, but differential diagnosis with malignant neoplasms is important to reduce the risk of undertreatment. Methods A narrative review of abdominal wall schwannoma was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science database and the search terms “schwannoma”, “neurinoma”, “neurilemmoma”, “soft tissue tumors”, “neurogenic tumor”, “rectus abdominis mass”, “abdominal wall”. In addition, the hospital charts were reviewed to report the personal experience. Results Only 9 single case-reports of benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall were found in the English medical literature over the past decade. None of the patients received preoperative biopsy and all were resected with clear margins. In addition to the literature review, we report the case of a 58-year-old man referred for a palpable mass in the left upper abdominal quadrant. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid and well-encapsulated mass inside the left rectus abdominis muscle. A core biopsy of the lesion provided the diagnosis of cellular schwannoma and this was confirmed by histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen. Conclusions Benign schwannoma of the abdominal wall is extremely rare. Percutaneous core needle biopsy is important for the differential diagnosis with more common and biologically more aggressive malignancies, such as desmoid tumors and sarcomas, and may be relevant for planning the most appropriate management.

Insidious Onset Compartment Syndrome of the Forearm in a Teenager: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 481-484
Author(s):  
Hidetoshi Iwata ◽  
Hideki Okamoto ◽  
Yohei Kawaguchi ◽  
Kojiro Endo ◽  
Yuji Joyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Upper Extremities ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Insidious Onset ◽  
Forearm Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Cash Register ◽  
Proximal Forearm

Compartment syndrome affecting the upper extremities is a relatively underreported event compared with compartment syndrome affecting the lower extremities. Moreover, insidious onset forearm compartment syndrome has been rarely reported and is usually limited to single case reports. We report a compartment syndrome of the forearm in a teenager. She hit her right proximal forearm lightly on the cash register, but there was no pain. However, the next day, she had difficulty in moving her right hand. Although she underwent electrotherapy, her right forearm gradually became swollen, and she felt numbness in the ring and little fingers of her right hand. Six day after the onset, she came to our hospital and underwent fasciotomy. There was no aftereffect, and very good functional recovery was obtained. All clinicians need to keep the case of forearm compartment syndrome in a young individual with a diffuse course, such as in this case in mind.

Chemical Analysis by LC-MS of Cannabis sativa Root Samples from Northeast Brazil and Evaluation of Antitussive and Expectorant Activities

Planta Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Modesto Nascimento Menezes ◽  
Emanuella Chiara Valença Pereira ◽  
Kátia Simoni Bezerra Lima ◽  
Bismarques Augusto Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Mariana Coelho Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Pharmacological Test ◽  
Experimental Protocols ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
Future Therapy

Abstract Cannabis sativa is a millenary medicinal plant. However, contrary to worldwide paradigm-shifting, countries like Brazil still prohibit C. sativa cultivation and its medicinal use, even though many populations use aerial parts and roots of this plant for healthcare. As such, the objective of this work was to identify substances in the samples of the C. sativa roots, tracing a correlation with antitussive and expectorant effects. Therefore, samples of C. sativa roots were donated by the Polícia Federal Brasileira, and its aqueous extract (AECsR) was prepared with subsequent lyophilization, to maintain the material stability. After that, the material was analyzed by LC-MS to observe its chemical profile. Four samples (AECsR-A, B, C, and D) were tested in animal models of citric acid-induced cough (0.4 M) and phenol red expectoration (500 mg/kg). Using LC-MS it was possible to identify 5 molecules in C. sativa roots: p-coumaroyltyramine, tetrahydrocannabinol-C4, feruoiltyramine, anhydrocanabisativine, and cannabisativine. In experimental protocols, male mice (Mus musculus) were treated with samples of AECsR at doses of 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg regardless of the pharmacological test. In these tests, all samples showed the potential to treat cough and promote fluid expectoration, differing only in the dose at which these effects were observed. Therefore, the data showed that the C. sativa roots of the Brazilian Northeast showed antitussive and expectorant effects, even with intense secondary metabolitesʼ variation, which alters its potency, but not its effect. This highlights the importance of this medicinal plant for future therapy and corroborates to traditional use.

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