scholarly journals Chlorophyll a fluorescence of sweet potato plants cultivated in vitro and during ex vitro acclimatization

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine F. Cassana ◽  
Antelmo R. Falqueto ◽  
Eugenia J. B. Braga ◽  
Jose A. Peters ◽  
Marcos A. Bacarin
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Potato Plants

scholarly journals USING NATURAL LIGHT ON MICROPROPAGATION OF SWEET POTATO ( Ipomoea batatas L. ) IN AREA OF HO CHI MINH CITY

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Giap Dang Do ◽  
Hien Thi Dieu Huynh ◽  
The Danh Tran ◽  
Tuan Trong Tran
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Standard Culture ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Better Than

Plantlets of sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas L. ) were cultured in vitro under three different ambient conditions including a standard culture room - PS, a culture room inside a glasshouse with natural light but controlled temperature - TH, and a standard glasshouse with natural light (natural fluctuations of temperature) - NP. Plantlets from three treatments were compared in terms of pathogen rate, growth, survival plant at the end of the in vitro stage and at the ex vitro acclimatization. This result showed that, after 28 days of culture, sweet potato plants were cultured in vitro TH conditions have reduced entirely due to susceptibility to fungal disease causing outside air. After 14 days of ex vitro acclimatization, plants originally grow in vitro under the TH condition had ability to adapt about field survival and growth rates better than the other two treatments.

scholarly journals Binding and processing of small dsRNA molecules by the class 1 RNase III protein encoded by sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 486-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Weinheimer ◽  
Kajohn Boonrod ◽  
Mirko Moser ◽  
Michael Wassenegger ◽  
Gabi Krczal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Specific Class ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
Rnase Iii ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Post Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Class 1

Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) causes heavy yield losses in sweet potato plants co-infected with other viruses. The dsRNA-specific class 1 RNase III–like endoribonuclease (RNase3) encoded by SPCSV suppresses post-transcriptional gene silencing and eliminates antiviral defence in sweet potato plants in an endoribonuclease activity-dependent manner. RNase3 can cleave long dsRNA molecules, synthetic small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and plant- and virus-derived siRNAs extracted from sweet potato plants. In this study, conditions for efficient expression and purification of enzymically active recombinant RNase3 were established. Similar to bacterial class 1 RNase III enzymes, RNase3-Ala (a dsRNA cleavage-deficient mutant) bound to and processed double-stranded siRNA (ds-siRNA) as a dimer. The results support the classification of SPCSV RNase3 as a class 1 RNase III enzyme. There is little information about the specificity of RNase III enzymes on small dsRNAs. In vitro assays indicated that ds-siRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) with a regular A-form conformation were cleaved by RNase3, but asymmetrical bulges, extensive mismatches and 2′-O-methylation of ds-siRNA and miRNA interfered with processing. Whereas Mg2+ was the cation that best supported the catalytic activity of RNase3, binding of 21 nt small dsRNA molecules was most efficient in the presence of Mn2+. Processing of long dsRNA by RNase3 was efficient at pH 7.5 and 8.5, whereas ds-siRNA was processed more efficiently at pH 8.5. The results revealed factors that influence binding and processing of small dsRNA substrates by class 1 RNase III in vitro or make them unsuitable for processing by the enzyme.

scholarly journals First Report of ‘Candidatus phytoplasma ziziphi’ in Sweet Potato in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qicheng Li ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Qiqi Yang ◽  
Lichuan Chen ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
First Report ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Leaf Disease ◽  
Dna Fragment

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas; family Convolvulaceae) is an important food crop and serves as a ground cover in orchards of jujube trees. In August 2020, sweet potatoes growing under jujube trees showed obvious jujube witches’ broom phytoplasma disease symptoms in an abandoned jujube orchards in Xinzheng county, Henan province, China (GPS：113°49′56″N， 34°35′54″E). The sweet potato plants were showing symptoms such as small, yellowing leaves and witches’ broom. (Figure 1). The incidence of symptomatic sweet potato plants in the orchard (60× 100 m2 ) was about 60%. Leaf samples of sweet potatoes and jujube trees exhibiting disease symptoms were collected to confirm the presence of JWB phytoplasma by PCR. The phytoplasma primers R16mF2/R16mR1 (Gundersen and Lee, 1996) and secAfor1/secArev3 (Hodgetts et al., 2008) were used. Leaf samples of three sweet potato plants and three jujube trees exhibiting disease symptoms were collected to confirm the presence of JWB phytoplasma by PCR. Two healthy sweet potatoes collected from the experimental station at Henan Agricultural University and two healthy, in vitro-grown jujube plantlets were used as negative controls. A JWB-diseased in vitro-grown jujube plantlets was set as the positive control. The total DNA of 3 leaves from each sample was extracted using the Hi-DNA secure Plant Kit (DP350, TianGen, Beijing, China). The phytoplasma amplicon was detected in all leaf samples (Figure 2). The expected 16S rDNA (GenBank accession number MW990090) amplicon is 1,348 bp, and the expected secA (GenBank accession number MZ292648) amplicon is 842 bp. These two fragments were detected in the sweet potato samples (Figure 2a, 2b). The DNA fragment amplified from the diseased sweet potato and the diseased jujube leave samples exhibiting disease symptoms using the 16S rRNA primers was then sequenced (Sangon Biotech, Shanghai, China) and was 100% identical to that of 23 JWB phytoplasma strains through BLAST analysis. The DNA fragment amplified using the secA primers was sequenced and was 100% identical to that of JWB phytoplasma strain ZQ secA gene (GU471770.1). RFLP analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence fragment by the online tool iPhyClassifier (Wei et al., 2007) indicated that the pathogen strain was a member of subgroup 16SrV-B and a ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ziziphi’-related strain. Sweet potato witches’ broom disease was reported by Gundersen (1994) and Lee, I. M. (2004). Sweet potato little leaf disease was reported and classified as a phytoplasma in the 16 SrII group (Tairo et al., 2006). According to the evolutionary analysis, the 16S rRNA nucleotide sequences found in sweet potato in this study were quite different from that detected in sweet potato little leaf disease (Figure 2c). Taken together, the results indicated that the phytoplasma associated with sweet potato in the present study is a ‘Ca. Phytoplasma ziziphi’ strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report of its presence in sweet potato in China.

Use of Endophytic Bacteria for Adaptation of in vitro grown Potato Plants to ex vitro Conditions and Protection of Planting Material from Phytopathogenes

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 51-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Р.Ye. Ardanov ◽  
◽  
S.V. Lyashchenko ◽  
O.V. Podolich ◽  
V.B. Ryazantsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Planting Material

scholarly journals Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. cultivation in the conditions of light culture in vitro and ex vitro

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
E. A. Kalashnikova ◽  
R. N. Kirakosyan ◽  
A. V. Gushchin ◽  
K. G. Abubakarov ◽  
N. N. Sleptsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Red Light ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Micro Propagation

Relevance. Currently, food products that include prebiotics, in particular, inulin, are particularly popular. Interest in this substance is justified by its valuable properties – it is a good immunomodulator, cleanses the body of toxins, radionuclides, "bad" cholesterol, promotes the assimilation of useful trace elements necessary for human life. Inulin is contained in plants such as jerusalem artichoke, chicory, as well as in sweet potatoes, the popularity of which is increasing every year. However, sweet potato plants are afraid of cold and frost-resistant. Therefore, the creation of new varieties and hybrids that are resistant to low temperatures is an urgent problem. Cellular biotechnology is aimed at solving this problem using methods of clonal microreproduction, cell selection, somatic hybridization, etc. For rapid reproduction and obtaining high-quality planting material, biotechnology methods are used, in particular, clonal micro-propagation. However, in this technology there are difficulties associated with poor adaptation of microclones to ex vitro conditions. This fact introduces an additional requirement for the selection of optimal rooting modes in vitro and ex vitro adaptation of microclones.Material and methodology. The aim of the work was to study the influence of cultivation conditions on in vitro rooting and ex vitro adaptation of I. batatas (L.) microclones. The object of the study was sweet potato microgears propagated in vitro. I. batatas micro-gears were cultured in vitro on a Murashige-Skug medium, differing by the type of auxins. The influence of red (R) and far red (FR) light on the shoots rooting in vitro and the adaptation of microclones ex vitro was studied.Results. It has been experimentally established that the cultivation of micro-gears on a medium containing indolyl butyric acid at a concentration of 0.5-1 mg/l and under conditions of illumination by LED lamps of red and far red light in equal amounts leads to the production of microclones with a well-developed root system and vegetative biomass. The use of an aeroponic installation at the last stage of clonal micro-propagation makes it possible to obtain high-quality planting material that can adapt well to open ground conditions.

Patrones de crecimiento de Cinchona officinalis in vitro y ex vitro; respuestas de plántulas micropropagadas y de semillas.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Carlos Iván Espinosa ◽  
Gabriel Ríos
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vitro

El uso de herramientas biotecnológicas como la micropropagación se constituye en una alternativa de reproducción de especies amenazadas y con tamaños poblacionales reducidos. Sin embargo, uno de los problemas críticos en el uso de la micropropagación como herramienta de reproducción es la calidad de las plántulas resultantes en cuanto a su crecimiento y vigor. En el presente trabajo se evalua los efectos de la micropropagación sobre los patrones de crecimiento y sobrevivencia de plán­tulas in vitro de Cinchona officinalis L., una especie que ha sido fuertemente impactada por procesos de tala dentro de bosques naturales durante la época de la colonia. Se realizó un monitoreo de un total de 120 plántulas in vitro y 1988 plántulas ex vitro por 8 meses a partir del último repique. Adi­cionalmente, en cada plántula se contabilizó la cantidad de brotes axilares. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron un efecto remanente de los procesos de micropropagación, los cuales inicialmente inciden en la cantidad de brotes de las plántulas y en el crecimiento; sin embargo, este efecto no influye de forma negativa en la sobrevivencia de las plántulas durante la fase ex vitro

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ghea Dotulong ◽  
Stella Umboh ◽  
Johanis Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

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