scholarly journals Influence of age and education on the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT) among healthy elderly

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Maineri Steibel ◽  
Maira Rozenfeld Olchik ◽  
Mônica Sanches Yassuda ◽  
Geisa Finger ◽  
Irênio Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Behavioral Memory

Memory is a cognitive domain extensively evaluated in the neuropsychiatric setting. Assessment tools with appropriate norms for age and educational level are necessary for the proper interpretation of results. Objective : To present normative data for older adults stratified by age and education for the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT). The effect of age and education on the total and sub-test scores was also analyzed. Methods : A cross-sectional study involving a sample of 233 healthy elderly from a third-age group in Porto Alegre with an average age of 70 (SD 7.9) years and 10.7 (SD 4.8) years of education was carried out. The RBMT is considered an ecologically valid memory test, since it includes tasks similar to everyday situations. The sample was stratified into the following age groups: 60-69 years, 70-79 years and > 80 years. The sample was also divided into individuals with < 8 years and ≥ 8 years of education. Pearson's Chi-squared test and Spearman correlations were used. Results : The elderly participants with low educational level had worse performance on all sub-tests, except the Pictures, Messages, Belongings and Orientation. Older elderly performed worse for total RBMT score and on the Face Recognition, Immediate and Delayed Route, Messages and Belongings subtests (p ≤ 0.005). Conclusion : Education and age significantly influenced RBMT scores. Therefore, norms for this test should be stratified according to these factors.

scholarly journals Descriptive data in different paper-based cognitive assessments in elderly from the community Stratification by age and education

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Gustavo Brigola ◽  
Ana Carolina Ottaviani ◽  
Érica Nestor Souza ◽  
Estefani Serafim Rossetti ◽  
Mariélli Terassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Domain ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Addenbrooke’S Cognitive Examination

ABSTRACT Cognitive aging is dynamic and heterogeneous in elderly, thus adequate tools such as paper-based tests are relevant to describe the cognitive profile of this population. Objective: To describe different paper-based cognitive assessments tests in elderly people stratified by age and education. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 667 elderly (≥60 years) living in the community was conducted. Sociodemographic information was collected. Global cognition was assessed by the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Mini Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (M-ACE) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient. Results: The findings showed a predominance of women (53.8%), mean age of 71.3 (±7.7) years and 3.6 (±3.5) years of education. The best global cognitive performance and cognitive domain assessment scores were found in the group with higher formal educational level. Each year of education was associated with an increase of up to 10% in scores on the M-ACE and MMSE and up to 11% in ACE-R scores. The mean values of the scores varied according to age, where the 60-69 years group had better scores than other age groups. The correlation matrix between the cognitive tests showed that near perfect correlations (r=1) were frequent in the subgroup with higher education. Conclusion: Younger elderly and those with higher educational level had greater global and domain scores. This study describes the scores of elderly for different strata of education and age. In practice, it is important to choose the most suitable screening instrument, considering the characteristics of the elderly.

scholarly journals Interferon Gamma Release Assays for Latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Detection in Elderly Hispanics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Marianna Scordo ◽  
Genesis Aguillon ◽  
Doris Ayala ◽  
Ana Paulina Quirino Cerrillo ◽  
R. Eminé Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assays ◽  
History Of ◽  
Design And Methods

SUMMARY Background. Aging is a tuberculosis comorbidity. Interferon Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs) are used to detect latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection (LTBI) in adults, but their performance in the elderly is not well established. We aim to evaluate the performance of IGRAs for LTBI detection in healthy elderly Hispanics with recent, remote or no history of M.tb exposure. Study Design and Methods. Cross sectional study in Hispanic elderly (60+y) and adult (18-50y) recent TB contacts (ReC) or community controls (CoC). LTBI was based on a positive T-SPOT.TB and/or QuantiFERON-Gold in-tube or Plus assay. Results. We enrolled 193 CoC (119 adults/74 elderly) and 459 ReC (361 adults/98 elderly). LTBI positivity increased with age in CoC (range 19-59%; trend p <0.001), but was similar in ReC (range 59-69%; trend p=0.329). The elderly had lower concordance between IGRAs (kappa 0.465 vs. 0.688 in adults) and more inconclusive results (indeterminate/borderline; 11.6% vs. 5.8% in adults; p=0.012). Exclusion of inconclusive results improved concordance between assays, notably in elderly ReC, who have the highest TB risk (from kappa 0.532 to 0.800). When both IGRAs were done simultaneously, inconclusive results were resolved in all cases as positive or negative with the other IGRA. The magnitude of the response to M.tb peptides used in the assays was similar between age groups, but responsiveness to mitogens was lower in the elderly. Conclusions. IGRAs are suitable for LTBI detection in the elderly. Discordant and inconclusive findings are more prevalent in the elderly, but results were resolved when performing different IGRAs simultaneously in the same participant.

scholarly journals Normative data for healthy elderly on the phonemic verbal fluency task - FAS

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Helena Machado ◽  
Helenice Charchat Fichman ◽  
Etelvina Lucas Santos ◽  
Viviane Amaral Carvalho ◽  
Patrícia Paes Fialho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Verbal Fluency Task ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Phonemic Verbal Fluency ◽  
Student’S T

Abstract Phonemic verbal fluency tests assess the production of words beginning with specific letters. Of these letters, the most frequently used are F, A and S. It is a sensitive test for assessing frontal lobe functions. Objective: To provide normative data for the elderly Brazilian population on the FAS test and to investigate the effects of age and schooling on test performance. Methods: The individuals were divided into three age groups (60-69, 70-79 and ³80 years), and into four groups according to education (1-3, 4-7, 8-11 and ³12 years). All subjects were assessed by the Mini Mental State Examination and the FAS. Data were analyzed with Student's t test, ANOVA, simple linear regression and Spearman's correlation. Results: We evaluated 345 cognitively healthy volunteers, 66.66% being female, aged 60 to 93 years, with an educational level ranging from one to 24 years. The average (number of items) ±SD for the whole sample was 28.28±11.53. No significant effect of gender was observed (p=0.5). Performance on the MMSE and education exerted a direct influence on FAS scores (p<0.001), with education being the most significant factor. A positive correlation was found between FAS and the MMSE (r=0.404; p<0.001). Conclusion: The performance of Brazilian elderly on the phonemic verbal fluency tests-FAS is significantly influenced by education, where individuals with higher educational level present better performance than those with fewer years of schooling. Age and gender did not prove significant with the FAS.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Influencing Elderly Abuse: A Descriptive Study of Jureli Village, Bakaiya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Keshab Prasad Timalsina
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Abuse ◽  
Policies And Programs

The elderly abuse in a family is one of the most challenging problems in a society. The present study aims to assess the prevalence of elderly abuse in the family environment of JureliTole of Bakaiya Rural Municipality. The study also presents various risk factors that influence the prevalence of Elderly abuse. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 103 elders taken from household survey by using census method. The data were collected through a face-to-face structured interview schedule. The descriptive and regression analysis of the collected data showed that the prevalence of elderly abuse was 46.6% in the study population. This study measured significant association (p<0.05) of overall abuse against the elder with only two socio-demographic variables (literacy status and health status) among the variables (gender, age groups, living with or without spouse, literacy status, health status, dependency status, and income level). The results showed that the elders with/without spouse had the highest odds ratio to be abused (2.19 times) followed by gender (1.64 times), and health status (1.25 times). Although this study found lower prevalence than many previous studies, it is still significant and needs to be prevented. Based on the study, it can be said that living without a spouse, with poor health, and being female are the major predictive descriptors for elderly abuse.The policies and programs are needed for the prevention of elderly abuse which may require collective action from social, health and justice sectors. 

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular diseases mortality in the elderly in the state of São Paulo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Rêgo Purificação ◽  
Allêh Kauãn Santos Nogueira ◽  
Matheus Araújo de Souza ◽  
Camila de Almeida Costa Alencar ◽  
Sancha Mohana Brito Goes Rios
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information

Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is the world 2nd death cause and the main cause of disability. Nevertheless, there is a lack of information regarding the mortality profile for this etiology in the last decade. Objective and Methods: Using prospectively collected data available in TabNet (DataSUS) platform, a descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The primary objective is to access the demographic information most associated with DCV mortality in individuals older than 50 years-old, in São Paulo (SP), from 2010 to 2019. Results: The highest mortality in the state of SP was in 2019 (16,945 deaths), according to the growing trend; in the 2010-2019 period, the annual mean by city of deaths (± standard deviation [SD]) was 14,885 (± 1,341). During these years, the number of deaths was higher in the municipality of São Paulo (57,013; 31%). The annual mean deaths (± SD) in the capital and in the interior cities were, respectively: 4,684 (± 269) and 31 (± 58). The age groups from 70 to 79 years and over 80 years were the most affected. Caucasian race represents 71% of deaths. Individuals with 1 to 3 years of school were more affected (38%). The ratio of male deaths to female deaths was 1.02. Conclusion: In the last decade, there was an increasing mortality by CVD among the elderly population, and the city of São Paulo leads the number of cases.

Measurement equivalence across gender and education in the WHOQOL-BREF for community-dwelling elderly Taiwanese

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1375-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Ying Lin ◽  
Yueh-Ping Li ◽  
Sang-I Lin ◽  
Ching-Huey Chen
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Measurement Equivalence ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Multiple Group

ABSTRACTBackground:The WHOQOL-BREF, a generic quality of life (QoL) instrument, has been widely used clinically and for research on older populations. However, its measurement equivalence/invariance (ME/I) has not been well examined for the elderly (≥ 65 years) across some different demographics.Methods:The data were derived from a cross-sectional study with a convenience sampling design in Taiwan. We enrolled 244 elderly participants: men = 143 (58.6%); educational level ≤ primary school = 121 (49.6%). The ME/I was examined using multiple group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) across gender and educational level.Results:The fit indices were satisfactory for the configural models of gender and educational level (standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.0742 and 0.0770; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.0655 and 0.0686; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.953). In addition, MGCFAs showed that ME/I was supported across gender (ΔSRMR = 0.001 to 0.019; ΔRMSEA = −0.003 to 0.001; ΔCFI = −0.003 to 0.000) and educational level (ΔSRMR = 0.002 to 0.006; ΔRMSEA = −0.002 to 0.004; ΔCFI = −0.007 to 0.000).Conclusion:The WHOQOL-BREF Taiwan version is appropriate for combined use and for comparisons in older people across gender and different educational levels.

P4557Factors associated with treatment and control of hypertension in a healthy elderly population free of cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Chowdhury ◽  
M R Nelson ◽  
M E Ernst ◽  
K L Margolis ◽  
L J Beilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction Despite readily available treatments, control of high blood pressure (BP) in the ageing population remains suboptimal. Gaps in understanding the management of high BP amongst the elderly exist, as most studies have been in predominantly middle-aged populations. Purpose We explored pharmacological BP lowering treatment and control among elderly hypertensive participants free from overt cardiovascular disease (CVD), and identified factors related to both “untreated” and “treated but uncontrolled” high BP. Methods We analyzed baseline data from 19,114 individuals aged ≥65 years enrolled from Australia and the US in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) study. Hypertension was defined as an average systolic/diastolic BP ≥140/90 mmHg and/or use of any BP-lowering medication. `Controlled hypertensives” were those receiving BP-lowering medication and with BP <140/90 mmHg. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize hypertension control rates; logistic regression was used to investigate relationships with treatment and BP control. Results Overall, 74% (14,213/19,114) of participants were hypertensive, and of these 29% (4,151/14,213) were untreated. Among those treated, 47% (4,732/10,062) had BP <140/90 mmHg. Participants who were untreated were more likely to be men, have higher educational status, and be in good physical health, and less likely to have significant comorbidities. The factors related to “treated but uncontrolled” hypertension included older age, being men, Black race (versus White), using BP lowering monotherapy and residing in Australia (versus US) (Figure 1). Conclusion(s) There were high levels of “untreated” and “treated but uncontrolled” BP, in an otherwise healthy elderly population, suggesting that opportunities for better BP control exist through targeting intervention to high-risk individuals. Acknowledgement/Funding National Institute on Aging and the National Cancer Institute at NIH; NHMRC Australia, Monash University, Victorian Cancer Agency (Australia)

scholarly journals Pattern of morbidity among elders attending general practice: health needs assessment of geriatric patients in Oman

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaikh Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Firdous Jahan ◽  
Muhammad Asadullah Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Moazzam Khan
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Walking Difficulty ◽  
Outpatient Settings

The main purpose of this study was to identify specific problems and pattern of morbidities that is common in the elderly. A cross sectional study surveying the health status and needs of targeted population was conducted in selected primary health care (PHC) outpatient settings. All consenting individuals aged 60 years and above who visited the selected PHC clinics were interviewed. Information was collected using face-to-face interviews based on a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. A total of 185 people were evaluated in this study. About 75% of participants were age 60-70 years. Overall, male predominance was noted with 137 (74.1%) males and among all participant’s 80% were married. The mean BMI was 26.47±4.98 kg/m2 and mean waist circumference was 90.16±12.97 cm. The prevalence of smoking, DM, HTN, dyslipidaemia and history of IHD among participants were 7.6%, 37.8%, 49.7%, 27.6% and 8.1%, respectively and males showed a significantly higher prevalence than females in smoking and HTN (p<0.05). Hypertension was common comorbid ailment with 29.2% of stage I and 19.5% of stage II hypertension among 60-70 age groups. The majority of the participants were taking shower; using toilet, feeding and get dressed independently, 88.6%, 87.6%, 87% and 87.6% respectively. These findings provide important information on high prevalence of overweight, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and dyslipidaemia among elders. The other common morbidities were impaired vision, walking difficulty, and hearing problems. The activity of daily living (bathing dressing toileting feeding) is preserved in most of older people.

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Treatment and Control of Hypertension in a Healthy Elderly Population Free of Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enayet K Chowdhury ◽  
Mark R Nelson ◽  
Michael E Ernst ◽  
Karen L Margolis ◽  
Lawrence J Beilin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Elderly Hypertensive ◽  
And Control ◽  
Healthy Elderly People

Abstract BACKGROUND Despite readily available treatments, control of blood pressure (BP) with population aging remains suboptimal. Further, there are gaps in the understanding of the management of high BP in the aged. We explored antihypertensive treatment and control among elderly hypertensive participants free from overt cardiovascular disease (CVD), and identified factors related to both “untreated” and “treated but uncontrolled” high BP. METHODS We analyzed baseline data from 19,114 individuals aged ≥65 years enrolled from Australia and United States (US) in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly study. Hypertension was defined as an average systolic/diastolic BP ≥140/90 mm Hg and/or the use of any BP lowering medication. “Controlled hypertension” was defined if participants were receiving antihypertensive medication and BP &lt;140 and 90 mm Hg. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize hypertension control rates; logistic regression was used to investigate relationships with treatment and BP control. RESULTS Overall, 74% (14,213/19,114) of participants were hypertensive; and of these 29% (4,151/14,213) were untreated. Among those treated participants, 53% (5,330/10,062) had BP ≥140/90 mm Hg. Participants who were untreated were more likely to be men, have higher educational status, and be in good physical health, and less likely to have significant comorbidities. The factors related to “treated but uncontrolled” BP included older age, male, Black race (vs. White), using antihypertensive monotherapy (vs. multiple) and residing in Australia (vs. US). CONCLUSIONS High levels of “untreated” and “treated but uncontrolled” BP occur in healthy elderly people without CVD, suggesting there are opportunities for better BP control in the primary prevention of CVD in this population. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT01038583.

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