Descriptive data in different paper-based cognitive assessments in elderly from the community Stratification by age and education

ABSTRACT Cognitive aging is dynamic and heterogeneous in elderly, thus adequate tools such as paper-based tests are relevant to describe the cognitive profile of this population. Objective: To describe different paper-based cognitive assessments tests in elderly people stratified by age and education. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 667 elderly (≥60 years) living in the community was conducted. Sociodemographic information was collected. Global cognition was assessed by the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Mini Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (M-ACE) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient. Results: The findings showed a predominance of women (53.8%), mean age of 71.3 (±7.7) years and 3.6 (±3.5) years of education. The best global cognitive performance and cognitive domain assessment scores were found in the group with higher formal educational level. Each year of education was associated with an increase of up to 10% in scores on the M-ACE and MMSE and up to 11% in ACE-R scores. The mean values of the scores varied according to age, where the 60-69 years group had better scores than other age groups. The correlation matrix between the cognitive tests showed that near perfect correlations (r=1) were frequent in the subgroup with higher education. Conclusion: Younger elderly and those with higher educational level had greater global and domain scores. This study describes the scores of elderly for different strata of education and age. In practice, it is important to choose the most suitable screening instrument, considering the characteristics of the elderly.

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Influence of age and education on the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT) among healthy elderly

Dementia & Neuropsychologia ◽

10.1590/s1980-57642016dn10100005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 26-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nicole Maineri Steibel ◽

Maira Rozenfeld Olchik ◽

Mônica Sanches Yassuda ◽

Geisa Finger ◽

Irênio Gomes

Keyword(s):

Educational Level ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Memory Test ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Cognitive Domain ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Behavioral Memory

Memory is a cognitive domain extensively evaluated in the neuropsychiatric setting. Assessment tools with appropriate norms for age and educational level are necessary for the proper interpretation of results. Objective : To present normative data for older adults stratified by age and education for the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT). The effect of age and education on the total and sub-test scores was also analyzed. Methods : A cross-sectional study involving a sample of 233 healthy elderly from a third-age group in Porto Alegre with an average age of 70 (SD 7.9) years and 10.7 (SD 4.8) years of education was carried out. The RBMT is considered an ecologically valid memory test, since it includes tasks similar to everyday situations. The sample was stratified into the following age groups: 60-69 years, 70-79 years and > 80 years. The sample was also divided into individuals with < 8 years and ≥ 8 years of education. Pearson's Chi-squared test and Spearman correlations were used. Results : The elderly participants with low educational level had worse performance on all sub-tests, except the Pictures, Messages, Belongings and Orientation. Older elderly performed worse for total RBMT score and on the Face Recognition, Immediate and Delayed Route, Messages and Belongings subtests (p ≤ 0.005). Conclusion : Education and age significantly influenced RBMT scores. Therefore, norms for this test should be stratified according to these factors.

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Prevalence and Factors Influencing Elderly Abuse: A Descriptive Study of Jureli Village, Bakaiya

International Research Journal of MMC ◽

10.3126/irjmmc.v2i2.38148 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 38-49

Author(s):

Keshab Prasad Timalsina

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Family Environment ◽

Age Groups ◽

Household Survey ◽

The Elderly ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Elderly Abuse ◽

Policies And Programs

The elderly abuse in a family is one of the most challenging problems in a society. The present study aims to assess the prevalence of elderly abuse in the family environment of JureliTole of Bakaiya Rural Municipality. The study also presents various risk factors that influence the prevalence of Elderly abuse. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 103 elders taken from household survey by using census method. The data were collected through a face-to-face structured interview schedule. The descriptive and regression analysis of the collected data showed that the prevalence of elderly abuse was 46.6% in the study population. This study measured significant association (p<0.05) of overall abuse against the elder with only two socio-demographic variables (literacy status and health status) among the variables (gender, age groups, living with or without spouse, literacy status, health status, dependency status, and income level). The results showed that the elders with/without spouse had the highest odds ratio to be abused (2.19 times) followed by gender (1.64 times), and health status (1.25 times). Although this study found lower prevalence than many previous studies, it is still significant and needs to be prevented. Based on the study, it can be said that living without a spouse, with poor health, and being female are the major predictive descriptors for elderly abuse.The policies and programs are needed for the prevention of elderly abuse which may require collective action from social, health and justice sectors.

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Cerebrovascular diseases mortality in the elderly in the state of São Paulo

10.5327/1516-3180.417 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Isaac Rêgo Purificação ◽

Allêh Kauãn Santos Nogueira ◽

Matheus Araújo de Souza ◽

Camila de Almeida Costa Alencar ◽

Sancha Mohana Brito Goes Rios

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Primary Objective ◽

The State ◽

São Paulo ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lack Of Information

Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is the world 2nd death cause and the main cause of disability. Nevertheless, there is a lack of information regarding the mortality profile for this etiology in the last decade. Objective and Methods: Using prospectively collected data available in TabNet (DataSUS) platform, a descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The primary objective is to access the demographic information most associated with DCV mortality in individuals older than 50 years-old, in São Paulo (SP), from 2010 to 2019. Results: The highest mortality in the state of SP was in 2019 (16,945 deaths), according to the growing trend; in the 2010-2019 period, the annual mean by city of deaths (± standard deviation [SD]) was 14,885 (± 1,341). During these years, the number of deaths was higher in the municipality of São Paulo (57,013; 31%). The annual mean deaths (± SD) in the capital and in the interior cities were, respectively: 4,684 (± 269) and 31 (± 58). The age groups from 70 to 79 years and over 80 years were the most affected. Caucasian race represents 71% of deaths. Individuals with 1 to 3 years of school were more affected (38%). The ratio of male deaths to female deaths was 1.02. Conclusion: In the last decade, there was an increasing mortality by CVD among the elderly population, and the city of São Paulo leads the number of cases.

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Measurement equivalence across gender and education in the WHOQOL-BREF for community-dwelling elderly Taiwanese

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610216000594 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 28 (8) ◽

pp. 1375-1382 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Chung-Ying Lin ◽

Yueh-Ping Li ◽

Sang-I Lin ◽

Ching-Huey Chen

Keyword(s):

Root Mean Square ◽

Educational Level ◽

Measurement Equivalence ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Mean Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Root Mean Square Residual ◽

Multiple Group

ABSTRACTBackground:The WHOQOL-BREF, a generic quality of life (QoL) instrument, has been widely used clinically and for research on older populations. However, its measurement equivalence/invariance (ME/I) has not been well examined for the elderly (≥ 65 years) across some different demographics.Methods:The data were derived from a cross-sectional study with a convenience sampling design in Taiwan. We enrolled 244 elderly participants: men = 143 (58.6%); educational level ≤ primary school = 121 (49.6%). The ME/I was examined using multiple group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) across gender and educational level.Results:The fit indices were satisfactory for the configural models of gender and educational level (standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.0742 and 0.0770; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.0655 and 0.0686; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.953). In addition, MGCFAs showed that ME/I was supported across gender (ΔSRMR = 0.001 to 0.019; ΔRMSEA = −0.003 to 0.001; ΔCFI = −0.003 to 0.000) and educational level (ΔSRMR = 0.002 to 0.006; ΔRMSEA = −0.002 to 0.004; ΔCFI = −0.007 to 0.000).Conclusion:The WHOQOL-BREF Taiwan version is appropriate for combined use and for comparisons in older people across gender and different educational levels.

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Estado mental dos idosos em hemodiálise no serviço de nefrologia

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/1981-8963-v13i5a238766p1192-1201-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1192

Author(s):

Alexandre Lins Werneck ◽

Rita de Cássia Helu Mendonça Ribeiro ◽

Claudia Beranardi Cesarino ◽

Daniele Alcalá Pompeo ◽

Daniela Comelis Bertolin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental State ◽

Cognitive Aging ◽

Cognitive Deficit ◽

Treatment Time ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Status Change ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

RESUMO Objetivo: caracterizar os aspectos sociodemográficos, econômicos e clínicos e analisar o estado mental dos idosos em hemodiálise. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, analítico, descritivo, transversal. Compôs-se a amostra por 94 pacientes idosos, com 65 anos ou mais, em tratamento no serviço de hemodiálise. Realizou-se o estudo por meio de instrumento de caracterização dos sujeitos e questionário miniexame do estado mental. Testou-se, na análise estatística, a diferença entre o número de indivíduos com e sem alteração do estado mental por meio de teste binomial, utilizado o critério de Akaike (AIC) e a regressão logística. Apresentaram-se os resultados em forma de tabelas e figuras. Resultados: ressalta-se que destes, 78% apresentaram deficit cognitivo, demonstrando diferença significativa (p<0.01). Apresentaram-se as variáveis “idade” e “origem” (urbana ou rural) relevância com a presença e a ausência de deficit cognitivo. Verificou-se que a idade apresentou aumento de 62% nas chances de deficit para cada um ano de idade do paciente. Conclusão: concluiu-se que a maioria dos idosos apresentou deficit cognitivo independente do tempo de tratamento, o que pode ser um indício de efeito momentâneo da hemodiálise nos pacientes. Descritores: Geriatria; Envelhecimento Cognitivo; Hemodiálise; Cognição; Doença Renal Crônica; Enfermagem.ABSTRACT Objective: to characterize sociodemographic, economic and clinical aspects and to analyze the mental state of the elderly on hemodialysis. Method: this is a quantitative, analytical, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The sample was composed of 94 elderly patients, aged 65 years or more, undergoing treatment at the hemodialysis service. The study was carried out by means of an instrument of characterization of the subjects and miniexame questionnaire of the mental state. In the statistical analysis, the difference between the number of individuals with and without mental status change was tested using a binomial test, using the Akaike criterion (AIC) and logistic regression. Results were presented in the form of tables and figures. Results: 78% presented cognitive deficits, showing a significant difference (p <0.01). We presented the variables "age" and "origin" (urban or rural) relevance with the presence and absence of cognitive deficit. It was verified that the age presented a 62% increase in the chances of deficit for each one year of age of the patient. Conclusion: it was concluded that the majority of the elderly presented cognitive deficit independent of treatment time, which may be an indication of momentary effect of hemodialysis in patients. Descriptors: Geriatrics; Cognitive Aging; Hemodialysis; Cognition; Chronic Kidney Disease; Nursing.RESUMEN Objetivo: caracterizar los aspectos sociodemográficos, económicos y clínicos y analizar el estado mental de los ancianos en hemodiálisis. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, analítico, descriptivo, transversal. Se compuso la muestra por 94 pacientes ancianos, con 65 años o más, en tratamiento en el servicio de hemodiálisis. Se realizó el estudio por medio de instrumento de caracterización de los sujetos y cuestionario mini examen del estado mental. En el análisis estadístico se probó la diferencia entre el número de individuos con y sin alteración del estado mental por medio de la prueba binomial, utilizado el criterio de Akaike (AIC) y la regresión logística. Se presentaron los resultados en forma de tablas y figuras. Resultados: se resalta que de éstos, 78% presentaron déficit cognitivo, demostrando diferencia significativa (p <0.01). Se presentaron las variables "edad" y "origen" (urbana o rural) relevancia con la presencia y la ausencia de déficit cognitivo. Se verificó que la edad presentó un aumento de 62% en las posibilidades de déficit por cada año de edad del paciente. Conclusión: se concluyó que la mayoría de los ancianos presentó déficit cognitivo independiente del tiempo de tratamiento, lo que puede ser un indicio de efecto momentáneo de la hemodiálisis en los pacientes. Descriptores: Geriatría; Envejecimiento Cognitivo; Diálisis Renal; Cognición; Insuficiência Renal Crônica; Enfermería.

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Pattern of morbidity among elders attending general practice: health needs assessment of geriatric patients in Oman

Geriatric Care ◽

10.4081/gc.2018.7774 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Shaikh Muhammad Naeem ◽

Firdous Jahan ◽

Muhammad Asadullah Siddiqui ◽

Muhammad Moazzam Khan

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Face To Face ◽

High Prevalence ◽

History Of ◽

Walking Difficulty ◽

Outpatient Settings

The main purpose of this study was to identify specific problems and pattern of morbidities that is common in the elderly. A cross sectional study surveying the health status and needs of targeted population was conducted in selected primary health care (PHC) outpatient settings. All consenting individuals aged 60 years and above who visited the selected PHC clinics were interviewed. Information was collected using face-to-face interviews based on a structured, pre-tested questionnaire. A total of 185 people were evaluated in this study. About 75% of participants were age 60-70 years. Overall, male predominance was noted with 137 (74.1%) males and among all participant’s 80% were married. The mean BMI was 26.47±4.98 kg/m2 and mean waist circumference was 90.16±12.97 cm. The prevalence of smoking, DM, HTN, dyslipidaemia and history of IHD among participants were 7.6%, 37.8%, 49.7%, 27.6% and 8.1%, respectively and males showed a significantly higher prevalence than females in smoking and HTN (p<0.05). Hypertension was common comorbid ailment with 29.2% of stage I and 19.5% of stage II hypertension among 60-70 age groups. The majority of the participants were taking shower; using toilet, feeding and get dressed independently, 88.6%, 87.6%, 87% and 87.6% respectively. These findings provide important information on high prevalence of overweight, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and dyslipidaemia among elders. The other common morbidities were impaired vision, walking difficulty, and hearing problems. The activity of daily living (bathing dressing toileting feeding) is preserved in most of older people.

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Evaluation of the Knowledge and Perceptions about Pharmacovigilance Activities among Pharmacy Students in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.3329/bpj.v20i1.32082 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Osemene Kanayo Patrick ◽

Afolabi Margaret Olubunmi

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pharmacy Students ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Knowledge Domain ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Studies on pharmacovigilance (PV) activities in Nigeria focused on perceptions of PV among professional healthcare workers are described here. There is paucity of information on pharmacy students knowledge about PV activities. Hence, this study, evaluated the knowledge and perceptions of final year pharmacy students about PV activities using descriptive and inferential statistics. A cross sectional study was undertaken in three Nigerian universities with a pretested questionnaire during the period of January and February, 2016. The questionnaire included closed-ended questions on demographic variables and questions designed to achieve the objectives of the study. Data was analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and presented in percentages, means, standard deviations and median at 50% percentile. The mean knowledge score of pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reporting for the final year students was 4.25±0.18. There were significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge domain by age groups 21-24 years 4.8±0.70, 25-30 years 6.2 ± 0.84 and >30 years 4.6±0.72 at p=0.001; gender: male 4.1±1.20 and female 4.4±0.98 at (p=0.0001) as well as the current universities attended as follows University 1 with a scrore of 5.1±1.03, University 2 had a mean score of 6.3±0.99 at p=0.0120 and University 3 with a mean score of 4.3±1.01 at p=0.012. Furthermore, significant difference exist in the mean values of pharmacovigilance knowledge between those who had taking some courses in pharmacovigilance (7.3± 0.22) and those who did not (4.7 ± 0.13) at p=0.0001. Generally, the students had inadequate knowledge of PV activities. Therefore, emphasis on relevant PV courses in their curriculum is necessary.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(1): 1-13, 2017

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Association between BMI, Blood Pressure, and Age: Study among Tangkhul Naga Tribal Males of Northeast India

Journal of Anthropology ◽

10.1155/2011/748147 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

N. K. Mungreiphy ◽

Satwanti Kapoor ◽

Rashmi Sinha

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northeast India ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Socioeconomic Environment ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Older Subjects

Purpose. To find the prevalence of overweight/obesity and hypertension, and to study the association between BMI, blood pressure, and age. Methods. Cross-sectional study was carried out among 257 Tangkhul Naga males of Northeast India, age ranging from 20–70 years. The subjects were divided into five different age groups to study age trend. Results. Mean systolic, and diastolic BP was higher among subjects with elevated BMI and among older subjects. Minimum BP was found among underweight and maximum among obese. BP was found lowest among the youngest age group and higher among the elderly subjects. BMI was also found to be associated with age independently. Although the magnitude of correlation differed, there was significant positive correlation among BMI, age, systolic and diastolic BP. Odd ratios showed overweight/obese subjects to be more likely to have hypertension than those with normal BMI. Changing socioeconomic environment intensifies the prevalence of overweight/obesity and hypertension among the Tangkhul Nagas.

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Ticks infesting humans and associated pathogens: a cross-sectional study in a 3-year period (2017–2019) in northwest Italy

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-021-04603-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tania Audino ◽

Alessandra Pautasso ◽

Veronica Bellavia ◽

Valerio Carta ◽

Alessio Ferrari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Infectious Agents ◽

Pcr Assay ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

At Risk Populations ◽

Tick Borne Disease ◽

Biomolecular Analysis

Abstract Background Tick-borne diseases are common throughout Europe. Ticks transmit pathogens to the host while feeding and together with mosquitoes, they are major vectors of infectious agents worldwide. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the incidence of tick-bite events and tick-borne disease in northwest Italy, but information on the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ticks removed from humans remains scarce. To fill this gap, we report here the prevalence of tick bites and tick-borne pathogens documented for humans in Piedmont, northwest Italy, in the 3-year period 2017–2019. Methods Ticks attached to humans during 2017–2019 were collected from residents of urban and rural area by physicians and veterinarians working with local veterinary agencies. All ticks (n = 1290) were morphologically identified to the species level. A subset of ticks removed from children (age 0–18 years) and the elderly (> 70 years), both age groups considered to be at-risk populations, was screened by biomolecular analysis to detect pathogens (e.g. Rickettsia spp., Borrelia spp., Anaplasma spp.). Pathogen identity was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Results Ticks were taxonomically assigned to ten species of six genera (Amblyomma, Dermacentor, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, Ixodes and Rhipicephalus). Most belonged to the genus Ixodes: 1009 ticks (78.22%) were classified as Ixodes ricinus. A subset of 500 ticks collected from the two at-risk populations were subjected to PCR assay to determine the presence of Rickettsia spp., Borrelia spp., and Anaplasma spp. The overall prevalence of infection was 22.8% (n = 114; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 19.19–26.73%), meaning that at least one pathogen was detected: Rickettsia spp. (prevalence 15%, n = 76; 95% CI 12.17–18.65%); Borrelia spp. (prevalence 6.4%, n = 32; 95% CI 4.42–8.92%); and Anaplasma spp. (prevalence 1.2%, n = 6; 95% CI 0.44–2.6%). Conclusions Our data underline the importance of surveillance in the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases and the implementation of strategies to control tick infestation and associated pathogens.

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Telegeriatrics during the COVID-19 pandemic

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcab119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Hoda Wahba ◽

Tamer Emara ◽

Ahmed Elbokl

Keyword(s):

Elderly Population ◽

Geriatric Patients ◽

Geriatric Medicine ◽

Age Groups ◽

The Elderly ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Insignificant Difference

Abstract Background Ain Shams University Virtual Hospital (AVH) has been offering telemedicine services since 2016. During the COVID-19 pandemic it has become essential to offer healthcare services in a safe way. Telemedicine was the perfect choice worldwide to compensate for the deficiency of physical healthcare services. Limitations especially in the elderly population questioned the feasibility of the telegeriatrics model. Aim To study the feasibility and acceptability of the AVH telemedicine model in geriatric patients. Methodology A cross-sectional study performed from April to October 2020 recruiting patients above 60 years receiving telemedicine services as part of the telemedicine program delivered via AVH. Data was collected via Google forms that were sent to the patients and physicians via Whats app. Results 1471 patients were triaged via the Whats app managed by geriatric consultants and 64 received video consultations. 849 patients responded to the surveys from all age groups of which 21.8% were above 60 years. From the responders 19.7% consulted geriatric medicine while the 2.1% consulted other specialties. Most satisfaction domains were 85% and above positive responses with an insignificant difference between age groups. 90% of physicians felt confident in their medical management using telemedicine. Conclusion: telegeriatrics is feasible as it is well accepted, easily used and preferred over clinic visits during the COVID-19 pandemic and after, by patients. Physicians are confident in their management using it.

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