scholarly journals Phylogeography of msp4 genotypes of Anaplasma marginale in beef cattle from the Brazilian Pantanal

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inalda Angélica de Souza Ramos ◽  
Heitor Miraglia Herrera ◽  
Natália Serra Mendes ◽  
Simone de Jesus Fernandes ◽  
João Bosco Vilela Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Network Distance ◽  
Msp4 Gene ◽  
Distance Analysis ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal ◽  
Extensive Breeding

Abstract The msp4 gene of A. marginale is unicodon, stable and mostly homogeneous, being considered as a useful marker for phylogeographic characterization of this bacterium. The objective of this work was to analyze the phylogeography of A. marginale based on the msp4 gene in beef cattle from the Brazilian Pantanal, compared to those found in other regions worldwide. The blood samples investigated were collected from 400 animals (200 cows and 200 calves) reared in five extensive breeding farms in this region. The results indicated that of the evaluated samples, 56.75% (227/400) were positive for A. marginale based on the msp1β gene by quantitatitve PCR (qPCR), while 8.37% (19/227) were positive for the msp4 gene in the conventional PCR. In the Network distance analysis, 14 sequences from the Brazilian Pantanal were grouped into a single group with those from Thailand, India, Spain, Colombia, Parana (Brazil), Mexico, Portugal, Argentina, China, Venezuela, Australia, Italy and Minas Gerais (Brazil). Among 68 sequences from Brazil and the world, 15 genotypes were present while genotype number one (#1) was the most distributed worldwide. Both Splitstree and network analyses showed that the A. marginale msp4 sequences detected in beef cattle from the Brazilian Pantanal showed low polymorphism, with the formation of one genogroup phylogenetically related to those found in ruminants from South and Central America, Europe, and Asia.

Phylogeny Characterization of Seb Gene Encoding Enterotoxins in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Raw Milk and Cheese

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima N. Aziz ◽  
Laith Abdul Hassan Mohammed-Jawad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Gene Encoding

Food poisoning due to the bacteria is a big global problem in economically and human's health. This problem refers to an illness which is due to infection or the toxin exists in nature and the food that use. Milk is considered a nutritious food because it contains proteins and vitamins. The aim of this study is to detect and phylogeny characterization of staphylococcal enterotoxin B gene (Seb). A total of 200 milk and cheese samples were screened. One hundred ten isolates of Staphylococcus aureus pre-confirmed using selective and differential media with biochemical tests. Genomic DNA was extracted from the isolates and the SEB gene detects using conventional PCR with specific primers. Three staphylococcus aureus isolates were found to be positive for Seb gene using PCR and confirmed by sequencing. Sequence homology showed variety range of identity starting from (100% to 38%). Phylogenetic tree analyses show that samples (6 and 5) are correlated with S. epidermidis. This study discovered that isolates (A6-RLQ and A5-RLQ) are significantly clustered in a group with non- human pathogen Staphylococcus agnetis.

scholarly journals Transcriptome-(phospho)proteome characterization of brain of a germline model of cytoplasmic-predominant Pten expression with autism-like phenotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stetson Thacker ◽  
Charis Eng
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Pten Expression ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Risk Genes ◽  
Animal Modeling ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Phosphorylated Proteins ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Technology ◽  
Neurological Processes

AbstractPTEN has a strong Mendelian association with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), representing a special case in autism’s complex genetic architecture. Animal modeling for constitutional Pten mutation creates an opportunity to study how disruption of Pten affects neurobiology and glean potential insight into ASD pathogenesis. Subsequently, we comprehensively characterized the neural (phospho)proteome of Ptenm3m4/m3m4 mice, which exhibits cytoplasmic-predominant Pten expression, by applying mass spectrometry technology to their brains at two-weeks- (P14) and six-weeks-of-age (P40). The differentially expressed/phosphorylated proteins were subjected to gene enrichment, pathway, and network analyses to assess the affected biology. We identified numerous differentially expressed/phosphorylated proteins, finding greater dysregulation at P40 consistent with prior transcriptomic data. The affected pathways were largely related to PTEN function or neurological processes, while scant direct overlap was found across datasets. Network analysis pointed to ASD risk genes like Pten and Psd-95 as major regulatory hubs, suggesting they likely contribute to initiation or maintenance of cellular and perhaps organismal phenotypes related to ASD.

Detection and molecular characterization of enteric adenovirus in treated wastewater in the Brazilian Federal District

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. C. Quintão ◽  
F. G. Silva ◽  
A. L. Pereira ◽  
W. N. Araújo ◽  
P. M. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Rainfall Index ◽  
Enteric Adenovirus ◽  
Enteric Adenoviruses

AbstractHuman enteric viruses, such as enteric adenoviruses (HAdV), are known to be involved with gastrointestinal disorders, especially acute gastroenteritis. Several studies have used HAdV as an indicator of water quality, since they are considered highly stable and widely distributed viruses in water matrices. The aim of this study was to detect and genotype HAdVs in water matrices impacted by discharges of treated effluents from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Wastewater treatment plants from the sanitary system of the Brazilian Federal District were assessed in 2018 and 2019. Samples were collected upstream and downstream from discharge points for each WWTP. Viral concentration based on adsorption-elution and conventional PCR was used for molecular detection, and positive samples were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Pluviosity data for the period in which the samples were collected were obtained. Our results demonstrated the presence of HAdVs in 27.2% (61/224) of the samples. The positivity was significantly higher in downstream samples compared to upstream. Moreover, the HAdV positivity was higher in downstream samples collected from receiving water bodies impacted by secondary-level WWTPs in comparison with those impacted by tertiary-level WWTPs. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the presence of genotypes 40 and 41, with prevalence of HAdV genotype 41. Despite the predominance of HAdV-41, an increasing frequency of the HAdV-40 was associated with higher pluviosity. In conclusion, this study is the first documentation in the Brazilian Federal District dealing with the prevalence and diversity of HAdVs in several WWTP, along with their correlation with rainfall index.

Characterization of novel ybjG and dacC variants in Escherichia coli

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1728-1734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongguo Wang ◽  
Enping Hu ◽  
Jiayu Chen ◽  
Xiulin Tao ◽  
Katelyn Gutierrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Novel Variants ◽  
Restriction Sites ◽  
Genetic Structures

A total of 69 strains of Escherichia coli from patients in the Taizhou Municipal Hospital, China, were isolated, and 11 strains were identified that were resistant to bacitracin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and erythromycin. These strains were PCR positive for at least two out of three genes, ybjG, dacC and mdfA, by gene mapping with conventional PCR detection. Conjugation experiments demonstrated that these genes existed in plasmids that conferred resistance. Novel ybjG and dacC variants were isolated from E. coli strains EC2163 and EC2347, which were obtained from the sputum of intensive care unit patients. Genetic mapping showed that the genes were located on 8200 kb plasmid regions flanked by EcoRI restriction sites. Three distinct genetic structures were identified among the 11 PCR-positive strains of E. coli, and two contained the novel ybjG and dacC variants. The putative amino acid differences in the ybjG and dacC gene variants were characterized. These results provide evidence for novel variants of ybjG and dacC, and suggest that multiple drug resistance in hospital strains of E. coli depends on the synergistic function of ybjG, dacC and mdfA within three distinct genetic structures in conjugative plasmids.

scholarly journals Use of "EP"(Peroxidase) allele in soybean varietal characterization

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Bárbara Panoff Valário ◽  
Cláudio Cavariani ◽  
José de Barros França-Neto ◽  
Elisa Serra Negra Vieira ◽  
Juliana Pereira Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Production ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Molecular Biology Technique ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Colorimetric Test

The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of the molecular biology technique of PCR (Polimerase Chain Reaction) in the characterization of soybean cultivars. The study was performed at the Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences/ UNESP and Institute of Bioscience, Botucatu-SP. Fourteen commercial soybean cultivars were used, of which six were selected as positive reaction to peroxidase (BRS 320, BRS 284, BRS 232, BRS 7860RR, BRSMG 760SRR, BRS295RR), four as negative reaction (BRS 326, BRS 8160RR, BRSMG 800A (NutriSoy), BRS Valiosa RR) and four as double reaction (BRSGO 8060, BRS 270RR, FTS Campo Mourão and BRS 239). Thus, the results attained by the traditional biochemical colorimetric test for the 14 cultivars were compared with the conventional PCR assay. For PCR analysis, DNA was extracted from whole seeds and the primers were tested, and subsequently PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis were performed. The combination of primers prx9 + prx10 confirmed the use of the PCR reaction to characterize soybean cultivars considered doubtful by conventional colorimetric text.

Molecular detection and characterization of genotype 1 bovine leukemia virus from beef cattle in the traditional sector in Zambia

2019 ◽  
Vol 164 (10) ◽  
pp. 2531-2536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mundia M. Phiri ◽  
Evans Kaimoyo ◽  
Katendi Changula ◽  
Isaac Silwamba ◽  
Herman M. Chambaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bovine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Traditional Sector

scholarly journals Integrating Single-Step GWAS and Bipartite Networks Reconstruction Provides Novel Insights into Yearling Weight and Carcass Traits in Hanwoo Beef Cattle

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1836
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Naserkheil ◽  
Abolfazl Bahrami ◽  
Deukhwan Lee ◽  
Hossein Mehrban
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Additive Genetic Variance ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Bipartite Networks ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Network Analyses

In recent years, studies on the biological mechanisms underlying complex traits have been facilitated by innovations in high-throughput genotyping technology. We conducted a weighted single-step genome-wide association study (WssGWAS) to evaluate backfat thickness, carcass weight, eye muscle area, marbling score, and yearling weight in a cohort of 1540 Hanwoo beef cattle using BovineSNP50 BeadChip. The WssGWAS uncovered thirty-three genomic regions that explained more than 1% of the additive genetic variance, mostly located on chromosomes 6 and 14. Among the identified window regions, seven quantitative trait loci (QTL) had pleiotropic effects and twenty-six QTL were trait-specific. Significant pathways implicated in the measured traits through Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis included the following: lipid biosynthetic process, regulation of lipid metabolic process, transport or localization of lipid, regulation of growth, developmental growth, and multicellular organism growth. Integration of GWAS results of the studied traits with pathway and network analyses facilitated the exploration of the respective candidate genes involved in several biological functions, particularly lipid and growth metabolism. This study provides novel insight into the genetic bases underlying complex traits and could be useful in developing breeding schemes aimed at improving growth and carcass traits in Hanwoo beef cattle.

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