Leading Causes of Mortality and Disability-Adjusted Life Years and Risk Factors for Bangladesh, 2010 Estimates

2013 ◽  
pp. 107-108
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Examination of incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years and risk factors of breast cancer in 49 Asian countries, 1990–2019: estimates from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

Abstract Background This study presents an up-to-date, comprehensive and comparative examination of breast cancer’s temporal patterns in females in Asia in last three decades. Methods The estimates of incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted-life-years and risk factors of breast cancer in females in 49 Asian countries were retrieved from Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. Results In Asia, female breast cancer incidence grew from 245 045[226 259–265 260] in 1990 to 914 878[815 789–1025 502] in 2019 with age-standardized incidence rate rising from 21.2/100 000[19.6–22.9] to 35.9/100 000[32.0–40.2] between 1990 and 2019. The death counts more than doubled from 136 665[126 094–148 380] to 337 822[301 454–375 251]. The age-standardized mortality rate rose marginally between 1990 and 2019 (1990: 12.1[11.0–13.1]; 2019: 13.4[12.0–14.9]). In 2019, age-standardized incidence rate varied from 17.2/100 000[13.95–21.4] in Mongolia to 122.5[92.1–160.7] in Lebanon and the age-standardized mortality rate varied 4-fold from 8.0/100 000 [7.2–8.8] in South Korea to 51.9[39.0–69.8] in Pakistan. High body mass index (5.6%), high fasting plasma glucose (5.6%) and secondhand smoke (3.5%) were the main contributory risk factors to all-age disability-adjusted-life-years due to breast cancer in Asia. Conclusion With growing incidence, escalating dietary and behavioural risk factors and lower survival rates due to late-disease presentation in low- and medium-income countries of Asia, breast cancer has become a significant public health threat. Its rising burden calls for increasing breast cancer awareness, preventive measures, early-stage detection and cost-effective therapeutics in Asia.

scholarly journals Stroke in India: Bio-socioeconomic determinants

2016 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 071-076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sweta Singla ◽  
Rajiv Singla
Keyword(s):  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Stroke Management ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Diverse Environment ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Catastrophic Disease

AbstractWorldwide, stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality. Further, it leads to significant morbidity in the form of residual deficits and disability-adjusted life years. India with its culturally diverse environment and economically developing status presents unique challenges in providing stroke care. Various myths, misconceptions, poor knowledge about stroke, and poor availability of health resources afflict the nation and present barriers in stroke management. A multipronged approach to bring various disciplines together with the help of newer technologies such as smartphones and its applications need to be evolved to fight this catastrophic disease.

scholarly journals Risk of acute respiratory infection from crop burning in India: estimating disease burden and economic welfare from satellite and national health survey data for 250 000 persons

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1113-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Chakrabarti ◽  
Mohammed Tajuddin Khan ◽  
Avinash Kishore ◽  
Devesh Roy ◽  
Samuel P Scott
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

Abstract Background Respiratory infections are among the leading causes of death and disability globally. Respirable aerosol particles released by agricultural crop-residue burning (ACRB), practised by farmers in all global regions, are potentially harmful to human health. Our objective was to estimate the health and economic costs of ACRB in northern India. Methods The primary outcome was acute respiratory infection (ARI) from India’s fourth District Level Health Survey (DLHS-4). DLHS-4 data were merged with Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite data on fire occurrence. Mutually adjusted generalized linear models were used to generate risk ratios for risk factors of ARI. Overall disease burden due to ACRB was estimated in terms of disability-adjusted life years. Results Seeking medical treatment for ARI in the previous 2 weeks was reported by 5050 (2%) of 252 539 persons. Living in a district with intense ACRB—the top quintile of fires per day—was associated with a 3-fold higher risk of ARI (mutually adjusted risk ratio 2.99, 95% confidence interval 2.77 to 3.23) after adjustment for socio-demographic and household factors. Children under 5 years of age were particularly susceptible (3.65, 3.06 to 4.34 in this subgroup). Additional ARI risk factors included motor-vehicle congestion (1.96, 1.72 to 2.23), open drainage (1.91, 1.73 to 2.11), cooking with biomass (1.73, 1.58 to 1.90) and living in urban areas (1.35, 1.26 to 1.44). Eliminating ACRB would avert 14.9 million disability-adjusted life years lost per year, valued at US$152.9 billion over 5 years. Conclusions Investments to stop crop burning and offer farmers alternative crop-residue disposal solutions are likely to improve population-level respiratory health and yield major economic returns.

Trends in cardiovascular diseases burden and vascular risk factors in Italy: The Global Burden of Disease study 1990–2017

2020 ◽  
pp. 204748732094941
Author(s):  
Paolo A Cortesi ◽  
Carla Fornari ◽  
Fabiana Madotto ◽  
Sara Conti ◽  
Mohsen Naghavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Disease Study

Aims An exhaustive and updated estimation of cardiovascular disease burden and vascular risk factors is still lacking in European countries. This study aims to fill this gap assessing the global Italian cardiovascular disease burden and its changes from 1990 to 2017 and comparing the Italian situation with European countries. Methods All accessible data sources from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study were used to estimate the cardiovascular disease prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years and cardiovascular disease attributable risk factors burden in Italy from 1990 to 2017. Furthermore, we compared the cardiovascular disease burden within the 28 European Union countries. Results Since 1990, we observed a significant decrease of cardiovascular disease burden, particularly in the age-standardised prevalence (–12.7%), mortality rate (–53.8%), and disability-adjusted life years rate (–55.5%). Similar improvements were observed in the majority of European countries. However, we found an increase in all-ages prevalence of cardiovascular diseases from 5.75 m to 7.49 m Italian residents. Cardiovascular diseases still remain the first cause of death (34.8% of total mortality). More than 80% of the cardiovascular disease burden could be attributed to known modifiable risk factors such as high systolic blood pressure, dietary risks, high low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and impaired kidney function. Conclusions Our study shows a decline in cardiovascular mortality and disability-adjusted life years, which reflects the success in reducing disability, premature death and early incidence of cardiovascular diseases. However, the burden of cardiovascular diseases is still high. An approach that includes the cooperation and coordination of all stakeholders of the Italian National Health System is required to further reduce this burden.

scholarly journals Diabetes burden in Brazil: fraction attributable to overweight, obesity, and excess weight

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa Sorio Flor ◽  
Monica Rodrigues Campos ◽  
Andreia Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Joyce Mendes de Andrade Schramm
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Years Lived With Disability

OBJECTIVE To estimate the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its percentage attributable to overweight and obesity in Brazil.METHODS The burden of diabetes mellitus was described in terms of disability-adjusted life years, which is the sum of two components: years of life lost and years lived with disability. To calculate the fraction of diabetes mellitus attributable to overweight, obesity, and excess weight, we used the prevalence of these risk factors according to sex and age groups (> 20 years) obtained from the 2008 Pesquisa Dimensões Sociais das Desigualdades (Social Dimensions of Inequality Survey) and the relative risks derived from the international literature.RESULTS Diabetes mellitus accounted for 5.4% of Brazilian disability-adjusted life years in 2008, with the largest fraction attributed to the morbidity component (years lived with disability). Women exhibited higher values for disability-adjusted life years. In Brazil, 49.2%, 58.3%, and 70.6% of diabetes mellitus in women was attributable to overweight, obesity, and excess weight, respectively. Among men, these percentages were 40.5%, 45.4%, and 60.3%, respectively. Differences were observed with respect to Brazilian regions and age groups.CONCLUSIONS A large fraction of diabetes mellitus was attributable to preventable individual risk factors and, in about six years, the contribution of these factors significant increased, particularly among men. Policies aimed at promoting healthy lifestyle habits, such as a balanced diet and physical activity, can have a significant impact on reducing the burden of diabetes mellitus in Brazil.

scholarly journals Disease Burden and Attributable Risk Factors of Ovarian Cancer From 1990 to 2017: Findings From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangjian Zhou ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Xueting Ren ◽  
Linghui Zhou ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years

Aim: We aimed to estimate the disease burden and risk factors attributable to ovarian cancer, and epidemiological trends at global, regional, and national levels.Methods: We described ovarian cancer data on incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years as well as age-standardized rates from 1990 to 2017 from the Global Health Data Exchange database. We also estimated the risk factors attributable to ovarian cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life-years. Measures were stratified by region, country, age, and socio-demographic index. The estimated annual percentage changes and age-standardized rates were calculated to evaluate temporal trends.Results: Globally, ovarian cancer incident, death cases, and disability-adjusted life-years increased by 88.01, 84.20, and 78.00%, respectively. However, all the corresponding age-standardized rates showed downward trends with an estimated annual percentage change of −0.10 (−0.03 to 0.16), −0.33 (−0.38 to −0.27), and −0.38 (−0.32 to 0.25), respectively. South and East Asia and Western Europe carried the heaviest disease burden. The highest incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years were mainly in people aged 50–69 years from 1990 to 2017. High fasting plasma glucose level was the greatest contributor in age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years rate globally as well as in all socio-demographic index quintiles and most Global Disease Burden regions. Other important factors were high body mass index and occupational exposure to asbestos.Conclusion: Our study provides valuable information on patterns and trends of disease burden and risk factors attributable to ovarian cancer across age, socio-demographic index, region, and country, which may help improve the rational allocation of health resources as well as inform health policies.

scholarly journals Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and Mortality Rate Attributed to Unsafe Sex and Drug Use for AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farid Najafi ◽  
Fatemeh Khosravi ◽  
Mojtaba Ghalandari ◽  
Mitra Darbandi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Standardized Mortality Rate

Abstract Background: To reduce the burden of HIV/AIDS, it is important to identify and estimate the attributable burden of risk factors associated with HIV/AIDS. The present study aimed to estimate the attributable burden of unsafe sex and drug use in AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. Methods: We used the data in Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 to estimate the attributable burden of unsafe sex and drug use in AIDS in the MENA (22 countries) from 1990 to 2017 by sex and age. We estimated the attributable mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for the mentioned risk factors.Results: The rate of DALYs/100,000 attributed to drug use for AIDS increased 1.10 (95% CI: 0.75-1.71) to 13.39 (95% CI: 9.98- 18.17) in women of MENA countries from 1990 to 2017, and there is an increasing trend in DALY attributable to drug use for AIDS in men. The rate of DALYs/100,000 attributed to unsafe sex for AIDS increased in women of MENA countries, 5.15 (95% CI: 3.34-8.07) to 53.44 (95% CI: 38.79-75.89); and 10.06 (95% CI: 6.61-16.18) to 46.16 (95% CI: 31.30-72.66) in men. Age-standardized mortality rate attributed to drug use and unsafe sex for AIDS increased from 1990 to 2017 in both sex in MENA.Conclusion: The rate of DALYs/100,000 and age-standardized mortality rate attributed to unsafe sex and drug use increased in MENA from 1990 to 2017. While most of such countries have traditional cultures with religious believes, such increase need to be addressed in more depth by all policy makers.

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