Evaluation of auxin-responsive genes in soybean for detection of off-target plant growth regulator herbicides

Weed Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (02) ◽  
pp. 220-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin B. Kelley ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Kris N. Lambert ◽  
Dean E. Riechers
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
Diagnostic Assay ◽  
Responsive Gene ◽  
Soybean Leaves

The expression of a candidate auxin-responsive gene was evaluated for use in a diagnostic assay for plant growth regulator (PGR) herbicide injury in soybean leaves. Expression ofGH3, a primary auxin-responsive gene, was evaluated in response to dicamba and clopyralid at the RNA and protein levels, and proteomic analysis evaluated global expression of proteins in response to dicamba. Expression ofGH3was also analyzed in response to heat, drought, salt stress, and infection by soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) to determine the specificity ofGH3expression as a diagnostic marker for PGR herbicide injury. At the RNA level,GH3was strongly induced by dicamba and clopyralid within 8 h after application. Expression peaked 1 to 3 d after treatment (DAT) in response to 10% and 1% of a labeled dose of dicamba and clopyralid, with higher expression levels detected at higher herbicide rates. At the protein level, GH3 expression was also strongly induced at 1, 2, and 3 DAT by 10% vs. 1% of a labeled dose of dicamba and clopyralid. Heat, drought, and salt stress and infection with SMV or BPMV had no effect onGH3expression at either the RNA or protein level. Proteomic analysis identified three proteins that were up-regulated in response to dicamba. Two were induced for less than 7 DAT, and a third was identified as a stress-response enzyme (superoxide dismutase) that is likely not specific to PGR herbicide injury. Expression ofGH3was highly induced by PGR herbicides at the RNA and protein level and was not affected by environmental stresses or viral infection, indicating thatGH3expression has excellent potential for use in a diagnostic assay for PGR herbicide injury.

scholarly journals An ABA Functional Analogue B2 Enhanced Salt Tolerance by Inducing the Root Elongation and Reducing Peroxidation Damage in Maize Seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12986
Author(s):  
Shiying Geng ◽  
Zhaobin Ren ◽  
Lijun Liang ◽  
Yumei Zhang ◽  
Zhaohu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Maize Leaves ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions

Salt stress negatively affects maize growth and yield. Application of plant growth regulator is an effective way to improve crop salt tolerance, therefore reducing yield loss by salt stress. Here, we used a novel plant growth regulator B2, which is a functional analogue of ABA. With the aim to determine whether B2 alleviates salt stress on maize, we studied its function under hydroponic conditions. When the second leaf was fully developed, it was pretreated with 100 µM ABA, 0.01 µM B2, 0.1 µM B2, and 1 µM B2, independently. After 5 days treatment, NaCl was added into the nutrient solution for salt stress. Our results showed that B2 could enhance salt tolerance in maize, especially when the concentration was 1.0 µMol·L−1. Exogenous application of B2 significantly enhanced root growth, and the root/shoot ratio increased by 7.6% after 6 days treatment under salt stress. Compared with control, the ABA level also decreased by 31% after 6 days, which might have resulted in the root development. What is more, B2 maintained higher photosynthetic capacity in maize leaves under salt stress conditions and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreased the generation rate of reactive oxygen species by 16.48%. On the other hand, B2 can enhance its water absorption ability by increasing the expression of aquaporin genes ZmPIP1-1 and ZmPIP1-5. In conclusion, the novel plant growth regulator B2 can effectively improve the salt tolerance in maize.

scholarly journals AÇÃO DE BIOESTIMULANTE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INICIAL DO MILHO DOCE SUBMETIDO AO ESTRESSE SALINO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Rafaela Cristina da Cunha ◽  
Francisco De Assis de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Williane de Lima Souza ◽  
José Francismar de Medeiros ◽  
Luan Alves Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Saline Irrigation

AÇÃO DE BIOESTIMULANTE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INICIAL DO MILHO DOCE SUBMETIDO AO ESTRESSE SALINO  RAFAELA CRISTINA DA CUNHA1; FRANCISCO DE ASSIS DE OLIVEIRA1; MARIA WILLIANE DE LIMA SOUZA1; JOSÉ FRANCISMAR DE MEDEIROS1; LUAN ALVES LIMA1; MYCHELLE KARLA TEIXEIRA DE OLIVEIRA1 1 Departamento de Ciências Ambientais e Tecnológicas, UFERSA; Avenida Francisco Mota, 572, 59625-900, Bairro Costa e Silva, Mossoró, RN, Brasil, e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]  1   RESUMO A utilização de água salina na agricultura é um grande desafio para pesquisadores e agricultores, pois sua utilização está condicionada a adoção de tecnologias que minimizem o efeito do estresse salino sobre as plantas. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o uso de bioestimulante como agente amenizador do estresse salino na cultura do milho doce. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, sendo dois níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (0,5 e 4,5 dS m-1) e quatro doses de bioestimulante aplicado via tratamento de sementes (0, 5, 10 e 20 mL kg-1 de sementes). A avaliação das plantas foi realizada aos 45 dias após a semeadura, analisado as seguintes variáveis: altura de plantas, diâmetro do colmo, número de folhas, área foliar, massa seca de colmo, massa seca de folhas, massa seca de raiz, massa seca de pendão e massa seca total. A utilização de água salina na irrigação provocou redução na maioria das variáveis de crescimento do milho doce, sendo o efeito mais expressivo sobre o desenvolvimento foliar. O tratamento de sementes com Stimulate® promove o desenvolvimento de plantas de milho doce apenas na ausência de estresse salino, não sendo eficiente como agente atenuador do efeito da salinidade, além disto, o uso de água salina na irrigação do milho inibiu o efeito benéfico do Stimulate® no desenvolvimento do milho doce. Palavras-chave: Zea mays, fitorregulador, qualidade de água  CUNHA, R. C; OLIVEIRA, F. A.; SOUZA, M. W. L.; MEDEIROS, J. F.; LIMA, L. A.; OLIVEIRA, M. K. T.ACTION BIOSTIMULANT NO INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF SWEET CORN UNDER SALT STRESS  2   ABSTRACT The use of saline water in agriculture is a major challenge for researchers and farmers, because its use is subject to the adoption of technologies that minimize the effect of salt stress on plants. In this context, the present work was intended to evaluate the use of plant growth regulator as softening agent of salinity stress on the sweet corn crop. The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial 2 x 4, with two salinity levels of irrigation water (0.5 and 4.5 dS m-1) and four doses of plant growth regulator applied as seed treatment (0, 5, 10 and 20 ml kg-1 seed). The evaluation of the plants was carried out 45 days after sowing, and the following variables were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, dry weight of stem, leaf dry weight, root dry weight, dry weight tassel and total dry mass. The use of saline irrigation water caused a reduction in most growth variables of sweet corn, the most significant effect being on leaf development. The seed treatment Stimulate® promotes the development of sweet corn plants only in the absence of salt stress, there being effective for diminishing the effect of salinity agent, moreover, the use of saline irrigation water in maize inhibit the beneficial effect of Stimulate® in the development of sweet corn. Keywords: Zea mays, plant regulators, water quality

Influence of plant growth regulator and rhizobial inoculation on nodulation and soybean nitrogen contant

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 993-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sulejman Redžepović ◽  
Sanja Sikora ◽  
Josip Čolo ◽  
Mihaela Blažinkov ◽  
Marija Pecina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Rhizobial Inoculation

Yield increase and higher flesh firmness of 'Arctic Snow' nectarines both at harvest in Australia and after export to Taiwan following pre-harvest application of ReTain Plant Growth Regulator (aminoethoxyvinylglycine, AVG)

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Rath ◽  
A. J. Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Ambient Storage ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Harvest Delay

The effects ReTain Plant Growth Regulator (830 g in 1000 L water/ha) applied to a commercial block of 'Arctic Snow' nectarines 7 days before the first harvest was assessed in relation to harvest delay, fruit size, fruit quality (flesh firmness and brix), as well as the quality of the fruit following export to Taiwan. The untreated block (0.87 ha) and the ReTain-treated block (1.0 ha) were harvested according to the orchard's standard maturation criteria of background colour, size and percent blush colour. Based on picking schedules, the maturation of the ReTain block was delayed by 2.75 days (P<0.05). The fruit continued to grow during this delay and resulted in a 12.3% increase in yield and an increase of 393 packed cartons/ha. There were more (P<0.001) cartons of ReTain-treated fruit packed in grade sizes 69–78 mm diameter and less of smaller size classes (51–66 mm) compared with untreated fruit. The increase in both the number of cartons of class 1 fruit and fruit size on the ReTain block resulted in a Return on Investment (ROI) of 14.7 : 1 with an additional net return of AU$17 655/ha over the untreated block. There was a correlation between fruit size and flesh firmness with larger fruit being firmer than smaller fruit (P<0.001), however, packed ReTain-treated fruit was 3.2 N firmer on average (P<0.001) than packed untreated fruit for all size grades and from all harvests and packs. Brix levels increased (P<0.001) with fruit size but there was no difference (P = 0.568) between ReTain-treated fruit and untreated fruit. Two containers of fruit (early and late picks) were exported to Taiwan. The containers held a temperature of 0.5–2.0°C for the 14–15 day transit time from Australia to Taiwan. ReTain-treated fruit in both containers was 1.7 N firmer (P = 0.022) than untreated fruit upon arrival in Taiwan. After ambient storage (23°C) of fruit from container 1 for 45 h, fruit firmness declined (P<0.001) from an average of 65.7 to 43.2 N and there was no difference (P = 0.826) between treated or untreated fruit. It is concluded that ReTain application to 'Arctic Snow' nectarines can increase financial returns to growers through increased fruit size and quality benefits as well as maintain a higher flesh firmness following export.

scholarly journals Growing Degree Day Models for Plant Growth Regulator Applications on Ultradwarf Hybrid Bermudagrass Putting Greens

Crop Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1801-1807 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Reasor ◽  
J. T. Brosnan ◽  
J. P. Kerns ◽  
W. J. Hutchens ◽  
D. R. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Degree Day
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