Effects of Rimsulfuron Lateral Relocation on Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitnee L. Barker ◽  
Josh B. Beam ◽  
Shawn D. Askew
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Track Length ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Visible Injury

Concern has been raised that herbicides often used to control perennial ryegrass in warm-season turf could move laterally or “track” and injure neighboring cool-season grasses. Rimsulfuron was applied at 17.5 or 35 g ai/ha to perennial ryegrass in the afternoon. The following morning, while dew was still present, a greens mower was driven through the perennial ryegrass and across the adjacent creeping bentgrass. When evaluated 5, 10, and 25 d after treatment, visible track length and creeping bentgrass injury were greatly reduced by irrigating perennial ryegrass 2 h after treatment or by irrigating both perennial ryegrass and creeping bentgrass prior to simulated mowing. Visible injury of tracked turfgrass persisted for 36 d after treatment when irrigation was not applied and for as few as 5 d when both perennial ryegrass and creeping bentgrass were irrigated. Irrigation had no effect on perennial ryegrass control. Gibberellic acid at 0.12 kg ai/ha and foliar iron at 1.3 kg ai/ha, applied when tracks first appeared, did not improve the recovery of injured creeping bentgrass. Our results suggest that when applying rimsulfuron near susceptible bentgrass, the lowest effective rate should be applied and that the bentgrass should be irrigated at least 2 h after treatment to prevent nontarget injury.

scholarly journals Smooth Crabgrass Control in Perennial Ryegrass and Creeping Bentgrass Tolerance to Quinclorac

HortScience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Dernoeden ◽  
Cale A. Bigelow ◽  
John E. Kaminski ◽  
John M. Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Quinolinecarboxylic Acid

Smooth crabgrass [Digitaria ischaemum (Schreber) Schreber ex Muhlenb.] is an invasive weed of cool-season turfgrasses. Previous research has demonstrated that quinclorac is an effective postemergence herbicide for crabgrass control, but performance has been erratic in some regions. Furthermore, quinclorac may elicit objectionable levels of discoloration in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). The objectives of this 3-year field study were to determine optimum rates and timings of quinclorac applications that provide consistent levels of effective crabgrass control and to assess creeping bentgrass quality responses to quinclorac. To evaluate crabgrass control, quinclorac was applied in early-, mid- and late-postemergence timings at various rates to a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) turf. Similar treatments were applied to creeping bentgrass to determine if application timing and rate influenced the level and duration of discoloration. Quinclorac was applied alone or was tank-mixed with either urea (N at 6.1 kg·ha-1) or chelated iron (Fe)+nitrogen (N) (FeSO4 at 1.1 kg·ha-1+N at 2.2 kg·ha-1) to determine if they would mask discoloration. Crabgrass control generally was more effective in the early- and midpostemergence application timings. A single application of quinclorac (0.84 kg·ha-1) was effective where crabgrass levels were moderate, but sequential (i.e. multiple) applications were required where crabgrass levels were severe. The most consistent level of crabgrass control where weed pressure was severe occurred with three, sequential quinclorac (0.37 or 0.42 kg·ha-1) applications. Creeping bentgrass exhibited 2 to 11 weeks of unacceptable discoloration in response to sequential quinclorac applications. Chelated Fe+N was more effective than urea in masking discoloration. In general, chelated Fe+N tank-mixed with quinclorac masked discoloration and turf had quality equivalent to untreated bentgrass on most, but not all rating dates. Chemical names used: 3,7,-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic acid (quinclorac).

Selective Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) Control in Cool-Season Turfgrass

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh B. Beam ◽  
Whitnee L. Barker ◽  
Shawn D. Askew
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Control Field

Creeping bentgrass infestations in cool-season turfgrass are unsightly and difficult to control. Field tests were conducted at Stoney Creek Golf Course in Wintergreen, VA, in 2002 and 2003 on a Kentucky bluegrass rough and at the Turfgrass Research Center in Blacksburg, VA, in 2003 on a perennial ryegrass lawn to determine the efficacy of imazaquin, isoxaflutole, and mesotrione for creeping bentgrass control and turfgrass tolerance. Isoxaflutole and mesotrione each applied in two sequential applications at 280 g ai/ha or three sequential applications at 170 or 60 g/ha and imazaquin in two sequential applications at 390 g/ha controlled bentgrass at least 92% 14 wk after initial treatment (WAIT) at all locations. Sequential applications were applied at 2-wk intervals. Isoxaflutole and mesotrione, regardless of rate or sequential treatment, injured turfgrass less than 20% at all rating dates and locations. Imazaquin in two sequential applications at 390 g/ha injured Kentucky bluegrass and perennial ryegrass greater than 50% at all locations 14 WAIT. Results indicate isoxaflutole or mesotrione could be used for selective bentgrass control in Kentucky bluegrass or perennial ryegrass.

scholarly journals Seedling Tolerance of Cool-season Turfgrasses to Metamifop

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1313-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Gómez de Barreda ◽  
Jialin Yu ◽  
Patrick E. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
Turfgrass Establishment

Grassy weeds may reduce cool-season turfgrass establishment after seeding and herbicide use is often warranted. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the tolerance of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) to fenoxaprop and metamifop applications at 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks after seeding (WAS). Creeping bentgrass groundcover was reduced from 34% to 71% at 8 WAS from the nontreated by fenoxaprop at 50 g a.i./ha and metamifop at 400 and 800 g a.i./ha at all application timings. Metamifop at 200 g·ha−1 reduced creeping bentgrass cover 10% to 18% from the nontreated at 8 WAS when applied 1, 2, or 3 WAS, but treatments at 4 WAS did not reduce cover. Perennial ryegrass treated with fenoxaprop and metamifop at 800 g·ha−1 at 1 WAS had cover reduced from the nontreated on two and one dates, respectively, whereas tall fescue cover was never reduced greater than 5% from the nontreated. Results suggest applications to creeping bentgrass should be delayed greater than 4 WAS for fenoxaprop at 50 g·ha−1, greater than 4 WAS for metamifop at 400 and 800 g·ha−1, and 3 WAS for metamifop at 200 g·ha−1. Additionally, fenoxaprop applications should be delayed 2 WAS for perennial ryegrass and tall fescue, whereas metamifop could be safely applied at all rates at 1 WAS.

Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of Amicarbazone in Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua), Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera), and Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea)

Weed Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialin Yu ◽  
Patrick E. McCullough ◽  
William K. Vencill
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Foliar Absorption ◽  
Annual Bluegrass

Amicarbazone controls annual bluegrass in cool-season turfgrasses but physiological effects that influence selectivity have received limited investigation. The objective of this research was to evaluate uptake, translocation, and metabolism of amicarbazone in these species. Annual bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, and tall fescue required < 3, 56, and 35 h to reach 50% foliar absorption, respectively. At 72 h after treatment (HAT), annual bluegrass and creeping bentgrass translocated 73 and 70% of root-absorbed14C to shoots, respectively, while tall fescue only distributed 55%. Annual bluegrass recovered ≈ 50% more root-absorbed14C in shoots than creeping bentgrass and tall fescue. Creeping bentgrass and tall fescue metabolism of amicarbazone was ≈ 2-fold greater than annual bluegrass from 1 to 7 d after treatment (DAT). Results suggest greater absorption, more distribution, and less metabolism of amicarbazone in annual bluegrass, compared to creeping bentgrass and tall fescue, could be attributed to selectivity of POST applications.

scholarly journals Smooth Crabgrass and Goosegrass Control with Metamifop in Creeping Bentgrass

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan T. Parker ◽  
J. Scott McElroy ◽  
Michael L. Flessner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Injury Potential

Smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum) and goosegrass (Eleusine indica) are problematic weeds in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) because of limited herbicide options for postemergence (POST) control and turfgrass injury potential. Metamifop is a herbicide currently being considered for release to markets in the United States but information is lacking on the most effective rates and application timings for smooth crabgrass and goosegrass control in creeping bentgrass. Field trials were conducted in Auburn, AL in 2009 and 2013 to evaluate metamifop rates (200 to 800 g·ha−1) and single or sequential application timings compared with fenoxaprop (51 to 200 g·ha−1) at two different mowing heights. Metamifop applied twice and three times sequentially at 200 g·ha−1 provided the greatest smooth crabgrass (>97%) and goosegrass (>90%) control at rough (1½ inch) and green (1/8 inch) mowing heights without unacceptable creeping bentgrass injury at 56 days after initial treatment. All treatments caused <20% visible injury on creeping bentgrass at both mowing heights except the highest rate of metamifop. Smooth crabgrass control at the green mowing height was greater than at the rough mowing height, especially at lower metamifop rates with a single application.

scholarly journals Cool-season Turfgrass Response to Bispyribac-Sodium

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1552-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren W. Lycan ◽  
Stephen E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Fine Fescue

Previous research has demonstrated that bispyribac-sodium can selectively control established annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). Annual bluegrass is also a problematic weed in other cool-season turfgrass species. However, the relative tolerance of other cool-season turfgrass species to bispyribac is not known. Field experiments were conducted at Adelphia, N.J., in 2002 and 2003 to gain understanding of the phytotoxic effects that bispyribac may have on kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea (L.) Schreb.), and chewings fine fescue (Festuca rubra L. subsp. commutata Gaud.). Single applications of bispyribac at 37 to 296 g·ha–1 were applied to mature stands of each species on 11 June, 2002 and 10 June, 2003. Visual injury was evaluated and clippings were collected 35 and 70 days after treatment (DAT). Visual injury at 35 DAT increased as bispyribac rate increased. Kentucky bluegrass was least tolerant to bispyribac with up to 28% injury when applied at 296 g·ha–1. Injury on other species did not exceed 20%. Initial injury on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and chewings fine fescue was primarily in the form of chlorosis, while kentucky bluegrass exhibited more severe stunting and thinning symptoms. Bispyribac at rates from 74 to 296 g·ha–1 reduced kentucky bluegrass clipping weights by 19% to 35%, respectively, as compared to the untreated control at 35 DAT in 2002. Initial visual injury on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and chewings fine fescue dissipated to ≤5% by 70 DAT. However, recovery of kentucky bluegrass was less complete. These studies suggest that bispyribac-sodium has potential to severely injure kentucky bluegrass. Injury on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and chewings fine fescue appears to be less severe and persistent; therefore, bispyribac can be used for weed control in these species. Chemical names used: 2,6-bis[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]benzoic acid (bispyribac-sodium).

scholarly journals Creeping Bentgrass and Perennial Ryegrass Seedling Tolerance to Bispyribac-sodium

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2186-2190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Dernoeden ◽  
Steven J. McDonald ◽  
John E. Kaminski
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Sequential Treatments

Establishing creeping bentgrass [Agrostis stolonifera L. (CBG)] and perennial ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. (PRG)] from seed can be hampered by competition from annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.). Bispyribac-sodium (BPS) is a postemergence annual bluegrass herbicide that may have applications for use when establishing these grasses. This field study was undertaken to determine if BPS could be applied safely to CBG and PRG seedlings. Ethofumesate (ETHO) was applied sequentially (840 + 840 g·ha−1 a.i.) and served as a standard. In 2004, BPS was applied once (49, 74, 111, and 148 g·ha−1 a.i.) or sequentially (49 + 49 and 74 + 74 g·ha−1 a.i.) to CBG and PRG seedlings 4 weeks after emergence in Maryland. In 2004, BPS discolored CBG and PRG and reduced PRG cover, whereas ETHO reduced CBG cover but was not injurious to PRG. In 2005, a single (148 g·ha−1 a.i.) and sequential (25 + 25, 49 + 49 and 74 + 74 g·ha−1 a.i.) applications of BPS were made to CBG and PRG 2 and 4 weeks after seedling emergence (WASE) in Maryland and Connecticut. Treatments applied 2 WASE generally resulted in more injury when compared with applications made 4 WASE. In Maryland in 2005, CBG only sustained long-term loss of cover when treated 2 WASE with 148 g·ha−1 a.i. of BPS. The PRG was more sensitive to BPS and 148 g·ha−1 a.i. applied once and sequential treatments 49 g·ha−1 a.i. or greater applied 2 and 4 WASE generally caused the greatest loss in PRG cover. Conversely, CBG was severely injured by all BPS treatments and ETHO in Connecticut. In PRG, only 25 + 25 g·ha−1 a.i. of BPS and ETHO in both timings did not cause a loss in cover in Connecticut or Maryland. High levels of precipitation and probably other unknown factors may have enhanced the phytotoxicity observed in Connecticut. Ethofumesate generally was safer than BPS for use on PRG seedlings.

Effect of Dithiopyr Timing on Establishment of Three Cool-Season Turfgrass Species

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jack Johnson ◽  
Sarah H. Bundschuh
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Cool Season

An experiment was conducted to determine the interval needed between dithiopyr formulation (EC and G) treatments and seeding of tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, and creeping bentgrass. The cover of tall fescue 10 wk after seeding was not reduced when the EC formulation was applied at ≤ 0.84 kg ha−1 ≥ 2 wk before seeding. Dithiopyr G at 0.56 kg ha−1 did not reduce tall fescue cover when applied at ≥ 8 wk before seeding; whereas, 0.84 kg ha−1 required a 12-wk interval between treatment and seeding in one of two years. Perennial ryegrass cover 10 wk after seeding was not reduced with dithiopyr at 0.56 kg ha−1 applied from 2 to 12 wk before seeding. When the dithiopyr G was applied at 0.56 kg ha−1, an 8-wk interval before seeding was needed to prevent a reduction in turf cover. When rates of EC and G dithiopyr were increased to 0.84 kg ha−1 an 8-wk interval was needed for the EC and a 12-wk interval was needed for the G formulation to prevent a reduction in cover in one of two years. Creeping bentgrass cover was not reduced when dithiopyr EC was applied at 0.56 kg ha−1 ≥ 8 wk before seeding. When the EC rate was increased to 0.84 kg ha−1 a 12-wk interval was needed between treatment and seeding in one of two years. When dithiopyr G was applied within 12 wk of seeding creeping bentgrass, the cover was reduced to an unacceptable level regardless of application rate.

Cool-Season Turfgrass Reseeding Intervals for Bispyribac-Sodium

10.1614/183.1 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 526-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren W. Lycan ◽  
Stephen E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Cool Season

Field studies were conducted in 2002 and 2003 in New Jersey to determine the length of time after a bispyribac-sodium application at which creeping bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass can be safely reseeded. Bispyribac at 148 or 296 g ai/ha was applied 6, 4, 2, or 1 week before seeding (WBS). Bispyribac at 148 g/ha applied 1 WBS reduced ground cover of creeping bentgrass and Kentucky bluegrass at 3 weeks after seeding (WAS) by 30 and 42% as compared to the nontreated check, respectively. Reductions in Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass ground cover from bispyribac at 296 g/ha applied 1 WBS were evident at 28 WAS, whereas perennial ryegrass recovered from initial reductions in ground cover by this time. Applications made 6 to 2 weeks before seeding did not adversely affect ground cover of any species at any evaluation date as compared to the nontreated check. These studies suggest creeping bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass can be safely reseeded 2 weeks after a bispyribac application. However, ground cover may be reduced by bispyribac applied 1 WBS.

Amicarbazone Efficacy on Annual Bluegrass and Safety on Cool-Season Turfgrasses

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. McCullough ◽  
Stephen E. Hart ◽  
Dan Weisenberger ◽  
Zachary J. Reicher
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

Amicarbazone has potential for selective annual bluegrass control in cool-season turfgrasses, but seasonal application timings may influence efficacy. To test this hypothesis, field experiments in New Jersey and Indiana investigated amicarbazone efficacy from fall or spring applications and growth chamber experiments investigated the influence of temperature on efficacy. Fall treatments were more injurious to creeping bentgrass and Kentucky bluegrass than spring applications, but fall applications were also more efficacious for annual bluegrass control. In growth chamber experiments, injury and clipping weight reductions were exacerbated by increased temperatures from 10 to 30 C on annual bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass. Results suggest that amicarbazone use for annual bluegrass control in cool-season turf may be limited to spring applications, but increased temperature enhances activity on all grasses.

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