Selective Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) Control in Cool-Season Turfgrass

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh B. Beam ◽  
Whitnee L. Barker ◽  
Shawn D. Askew
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Control Field

Creeping bentgrass infestations in cool-season turfgrass are unsightly and difficult to control. Field tests were conducted at Stoney Creek Golf Course in Wintergreen, VA, in 2002 and 2003 on a Kentucky bluegrass rough and at the Turfgrass Research Center in Blacksburg, VA, in 2003 on a perennial ryegrass lawn to determine the efficacy of imazaquin, isoxaflutole, and mesotrione for creeping bentgrass control and turfgrass tolerance. Isoxaflutole and mesotrione each applied in two sequential applications at 280 g ai/ha or three sequential applications at 170 or 60 g/ha and imazaquin in two sequential applications at 390 g/ha controlled bentgrass at least 92% 14 wk after initial treatment (WAIT) at all locations. Sequential applications were applied at 2-wk intervals. Isoxaflutole and mesotrione, regardless of rate or sequential treatment, injured turfgrass less than 20% at all rating dates and locations. Imazaquin in two sequential applications at 390 g/ha injured Kentucky bluegrass and perennial ryegrass greater than 50% at all locations 14 WAIT. Results indicate isoxaflutole or mesotrione could be used for selective bentgrass control in Kentucky bluegrass or perennial ryegrass.

scholarly journals Cool-season Turfgrass Response to Bispyribac-Sodium

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1552-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren W. Lycan ◽  
Stephen E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Fine Fescue

Previous research has demonstrated that bispyribac-sodium can selectively control established annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). Annual bluegrass is also a problematic weed in other cool-season turfgrass species. However, the relative tolerance of other cool-season turfgrass species to bispyribac is not known. Field experiments were conducted at Adelphia, N.J., in 2002 and 2003 to gain understanding of the phytotoxic effects that bispyribac may have on kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea (L.) Schreb.), and chewings fine fescue (Festuca rubra L. subsp. commutata Gaud.). Single applications of bispyribac at 37 to 296 g·ha–1 were applied to mature stands of each species on 11 June, 2002 and 10 June, 2003. Visual injury was evaluated and clippings were collected 35 and 70 days after treatment (DAT). Visual injury at 35 DAT increased as bispyribac rate increased. Kentucky bluegrass was least tolerant to bispyribac with up to 28% injury when applied at 296 g·ha–1. Injury on other species did not exceed 20%. Initial injury on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and chewings fine fescue was primarily in the form of chlorosis, while kentucky bluegrass exhibited more severe stunting and thinning symptoms. Bispyribac at rates from 74 to 296 g·ha–1 reduced kentucky bluegrass clipping weights by 19% to 35%, respectively, as compared to the untreated control at 35 DAT in 2002. Initial visual injury on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and chewings fine fescue dissipated to ≤5% by 70 DAT. However, recovery of kentucky bluegrass was less complete. These studies suggest that bispyribac-sodium has potential to severely injure kentucky bluegrass. Injury on perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, and chewings fine fescue appears to be less severe and persistent; therefore, bispyribac can be used for weed control in these species. Chemical names used: 2,6-bis[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)oxy]benzoic acid (bispyribac-sodium).

Cool-Season Turfgrass Reseeding Intervals for Bispyribac-Sodium

10.1614/183.1 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 526-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren W. Lycan ◽  
Stephen E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Cool Season

Field studies were conducted in 2002 and 2003 in New Jersey to determine the length of time after a bispyribac-sodium application at which creeping bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass can be safely reseeded. Bispyribac at 148 or 296 g ai/ha was applied 6, 4, 2, or 1 week before seeding (WBS). Bispyribac at 148 g/ha applied 1 WBS reduced ground cover of creeping bentgrass and Kentucky bluegrass at 3 weeks after seeding (WAS) by 30 and 42% as compared to the nontreated check, respectively. Reductions in Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass ground cover from bispyribac at 296 g/ha applied 1 WBS were evident at 28 WAS, whereas perennial ryegrass recovered from initial reductions in ground cover by this time. Applications made 6 to 2 weeks before seeding did not adversely affect ground cover of any species at any evaluation date as compared to the nontreated check. These studies suggest creeping bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass can be safely reseeded 2 weeks after a bispyribac application. However, ground cover may be reduced by bispyribac applied 1 WBS.

Amicarbazone Efficacy on Annual Bluegrass and Safety on Cool-Season Turfgrasses

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. McCullough ◽  
Stephen E. Hart ◽  
Dan Weisenberger ◽  
Zachary J. Reicher
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On

Amicarbazone has potential for selective annual bluegrass control in cool-season turfgrasses, but seasonal application timings may influence efficacy. To test this hypothesis, field experiments in New Jersey and Indiana investigated amicarbazone efficacy from fall or spring applications and growth chamber experiments investigated the influence of temperature on efficacy. Fall treatments were more injurious to creeping bentgrass and Kentucky bluegrass than spring applications, but fall applications were also more efficacious for annual bluegrass control. In growth chamber experiments, injury and clipping weight reductions were exacerbated by increased temperatures from 10 to 30 C on annual bluegrass, creeping bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and perennial ryegrass. Results suggest that amicarbazone use for annual bluegrass control in cool-season turf may be limited to spring applications, but increased temperature enhances activity on all grasses.

scholarly journals Smooth Crabgrass Control in Perennial Ryegrass and Creeping Bentgrass Tolerance to Quinclorac

HortScience ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Dernoeden ◽  
Cale A. Bigelow ◽  
John E. Kaminski ◽  
John M. Krouse
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Quinolinecarboxylic Acid

Smooth crabgrass [Digitaria ischaemum (Schreber) Schreber ex Muhlenb.] is an invasive weed of cool-season turfgrasses. Previous research has demonstrated that quinclorac is an effective postemergence herbicide for crabgrass control, but performance has been erratic in some regions. Furthermore, quinclorac may elicit objectionable levels of discoloration in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.). The objectives of this 3-year field study were to determine optimum rates and timings of quinclorac applications that provide consistent levels of effective crabgrass control and to assess creeping bentgrass quality responses to quinclorac. To evaluate crabgrass control, quinclorac was applied in early-, mid- and late-postemergence timings at various rates to a perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) turf. Similar treatments were applied to creeping bentgrass to determine if application timing and rate influenced the level and duration of discoloration. Quinclorac was applied alone or was tank-mixed with either urea (N at 6.1 kg·ha-1) or chelated iron (Fe)+nitrogen (N) (FeSO4 at 1.1 kg·ha-1+N at 2.2 kg·ha-1) to determine if they would mask discoloration. Crabgrass control generally was more effective in the early- and midpostemergence application timings. A single application of quinclorac (0.84 kg·ha-1) was effective where crabgrass levels were moderate, but sequential (i.e. multiple) applications were required where crabgrass levels were severe. The most consistent level of crabgrass control where weed pressure was severe occurred with three, sequential quinclorac (0.37 or 0.42 kg·ha-1) applications. Creeping bentgrass exhibited 2 to 11 weeks of unacceptable discoloration in response to sequential quinclorac applications. Chelated Fe+N was more effective than urea in masking discoloration. In general, chelated Fe+N tank-mixed with quinclorac masked discoloration and turf had quality equivalent to untreated bentgrass on most, but not all rating dates. Chemical names used: 3,7,-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic acid (quinclorac).

scholarly journals Herbicide Regimens for Creeping Bentgrass Control in Kentucky Bluegrass

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1689-1694
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Elmore ◽  
James A. Murphy ◽  
Bradley S. Park
Keyword(s):  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Selective Control ◽  
Selective Herbicide ◽  
Effective Treatments

Creeping bentgrass (CBG; Agrostis stolonifera L.) is a problematic weed of cool-season turfgrass. The herbicide mesotrione is often used for selective control, but CBG often recovers from sequential applications. Research evaluated the efficacy of mesotrione-based sequential application regimens for CBG control in kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) over a 2-year period. In two separate experiments, identical herbicide regimens were initiated in Oct. 2014 or May 2015 and then reapplied to the same plots in Oct. 2015 or May 2016, respectively. Regimens consisted of various sequential application regimens of mesotrione alone (totaling 560 g·ha–1 annually), three sequential applications of mesotrione (175 g·ha–1) tank-mixed with either triclopyr ester (560 or 1120 g·ha–1) or amicarbazone (50 or 100 g·ha–1), and topramezone (32 or 37 g·ha–1) tank-mixed with triclopyr ester (1120 g·ha–1). At the end of each 2-year experiment, the most effective treatments did not eliminate CBG completely. Among treatment regimens initiated in the fall, the most effective treatments reduced CBG cover 49% to 73% at the conclusion of the experiment in Oct. 2016. At the conclusion of the spring experiment in May 2017, the most effective treatments reduced CBG cover 66% to 94%. Topramezone + triclopyr tank mixtures were less effective than mesotrione-containing treatments on most dates. Mesotrione + amicarbazone tank mixtures reduced CBG more effectively than mesotrione alone, but these tank mixtures also caused severe kentucky bluegrass injury. CBG cover reductions from mesotrione + triclopyr tank mixtures and mesotrione alone were generally similar. Among mesotrione-only regimens, there were no consistent differences in CBG cover reduction. This research indicates that turf managers using a selective herbicide regimen to control CBG in kentucky bluegrass should apply mesotrione at the maximum annual use rate (560 g·ha–1) in two to four sequential applications at 2- to 3-week intervals.

scholarly journals Selective Removal of Creeping Bentgrass from Kentucky Bluegrass with Sulfosulfuron

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-921
Author(s):  
Marcus A. Jones ◽  
Nick E. Christians ◽  
Daniel Weisenberger ◽  
Zachary J. Reicher
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Selective Removal ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Late Fall ◽  
Application Date ◽  
And Control

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) is well adapted to golf course greens, tees, and fairways but may become a weed in Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) roughs and lawns. The objectives of this study were to determine effects of sulfosulfuron rate and application date on control of creeping bentgrass and safety on Kentucky bluegrass. Field experiments were initiated in 2003 and 2004 in Ames, IA, and West Lafayette, IN. Single applications of sulfosulfuron at 0.011 or 0.022 kg·ha−1 were applied over a 9-week period during the fall of each year. Phytotoxicity on Kentucky bluegrass was recorded weekly and control of creeping bentgrass was determined in the spring after fall treatments. No treatment provided greater than 31% control, and there were few differences in control between the two rates of sulfosulfuron. In West Lafayette, late fall applications were the most effective providing up to 31% control of creeping bentgrass. Sulfosulfuron provided less than 18% control in Ames in either year. Kentucky bluegrass was tolerant of all sulfosulfuron applications. Late fall applications of sulfosulfuron may be useful in partially removing creeping bentgrass from a heavily contaminated sward of Kentucky bluegrass. Chemical names used: 1-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)-3-(2-ethylsulfonylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl)urea (sulfosulfuron)

scholarly journals Overseeding Strategies for Converting Golf Course Fairways to Creeping Bentgrass

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary J. Reicher ◽  
Glenn A. Hardebeck
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Agrostis Palustris ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
The Third

Converting cool-season golf course fairways to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) is desirable because it affords excellent playability, enhanced recuperative potential, and enhanced disease tolerance compared to annual bluegrass (Poa annua sp. Timm.) or perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), which are common species in fairways. However, converting current golf course fairways to creeping bentgrass with nonselective herbicides is problematic because it disrupts play and decreases revenue, as fairways must be closed for an extended period of time. The objective of our study was to quantify the effect of trinexapac-ethyl (TE), overseeding date, and overseeding rate on the success on the gradual conversion of cool-season fairways to creeping bentgrass over 3 years. `Penneagle' creeping bentgrass was overseeded at 0, 49, or 98 kg·ha-1 in fall, spring, or fall+spring after aerification, and application of TE at 0.0, 0.2, or 0.4 kg·ha-1. Gradual conversion to creeping bentgrass was effective, on perennial ryegrass fairways, with up to 36% cover of creeping bentgrass after 3 years of overseeding. However, only a maximum of 3% creeping bentgrass cover was obtained after the third year of overseeding into primarily annual bluegrass fairways. Fall overseeding with bentgrass at 49 or 98 kg·ha-1 was equally effective and additional spring overseeding did not improve establishment. Applications of TE prior to overseeding did not enhance the conversion. Chemical name used: 4-cyclopropyl-a-hydroxy-methylene-3,5-dioxocyclohexanecarboxylic acid ethyl ester (trinexapac-ethyl).

Effects of Rimsulfuron Lateral Relocation on Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera)

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitnee L. Barker ◽  
Josh B. Beam ◽  
Shawn D. Askew
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Track Length ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Visible Injury

Concern has been raised that herbicides often used to control perennial ryegrass in warm-season turf could move laterally or “track” and injure neighboring cool-season grasses. Rimsulfuron was applied at 17.5 or 35 g ai/ha to perennial ryegrass in the afternoon. The following morning, while dew was still present, a greens mower was driven through the perennial ryegrass and across the adjacent creeping bentgrass. When evaluated 5, 10, and 25 d after treatment, visible track length and creeping bentgrass injury were greatly reduced by irrigating perennial ryegrass 2 h after treatment or by irrigating both perennial ryegrass and creeping bentgrass prior to simulated mowing. Visible injury of tracked turfgrass persisted for 36 d after treatment when irrigation was not applied and for as few as 5 d when both perennial ryegrass and creeping bentgrass were irrigated. Irrigation had no effect on perennial ryegrass control. Gibberellic acid at 0.12 kg ai/ha and foliar iron at 1.3 kg ai/ha, applied when tracks first appeared, did not improve the recovery of injured creeping bentgrass. Our results suggest that when applying rimsulfuron near susceptible bentgrass, the lowest effective rate should be applied and that the bentgrass should be irrigated at least 2 h after treatment to prevent nontarget injury.

Cool-Season Turfgrass Survival on Two Former Golf Courses in Michigan

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Garrison ◽  
John C. Stier ◽  
John N. Rogers ◽  
Alec R. Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Golf Course ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Spotted Knapweed ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Herbaceous Dicots

AbstractMost turfgrass species have been listed as either invasive or potentially invasive species in the U.S., but few data exist to verify their invasiveness. Our objective was to determine cool-season turfgrass survival on two abandoned golf courses to assess their invasive potential in unmanaged sites. Maintenance operations ceased at Matheson Greens Golf Course in 2000 and at Four Winds Golf Course in 2003. The frequency and abundance of creeping bentgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and fine fescues in quadrats placed along transects were recorded and compared to other cover such as herbaceous dicots and bare soil in 2005 and 2007. Turfgrasses at both courses were unable to maintain monocultures. All turfgrasses were nearly absent from Matheson Greens Golf Course 5 yr after maintenance operations ceased. At the Four Winds Golf Course site, creeping bentgrass comprised less than 25% cover on former putting greens by 2007, and was rarely found outside of the former putting green areas. Kentucky bluegrass cover ranged from 5 to 75% on the former fairways. Herbaceous dicots usually dominated the former turf areas at both sites, and included noxious weeds such as Canada thistle and invasive weeds such as spotted knapweed.

scholarly journals Herbicide Safeners Increase Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) Tolerance to Pinoxaden and Affect Weed Control

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew T. Elmore ◽  
James T. Brosnan ◽  
Gregory R. Armel ◽  
Jose J. Vargas ◽  
Gregory K. Breeden
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Control Field ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Naphthalic Anhydride ◽  
Herbicide Safeners ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A Carboxylase ◽  
Different Climates

The herbicide pinoxaden is a phenylpyrazoline inhibitor of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase. Research was conducted to determine the effects of pinoxaden (90 g ai ha−1) alone and in combination with herbicide safeners on creeping bentgrass injury as well as perennial ryegrass and roughstalk bluegrass control. Greenhouse experiments determined that herbicide safeners cloquintocet-mexyl, fenchlorazole-ethyl, and mefenpyr-diethyl were more effective in reducing creeping bentgrass injury from pinoxaden than benoxacor, isoxadifen-ethyl, and naphthalic-anhydride. Other experiments determined that creeping bentgrass injury from pinoxaden decreased as rates (0, 23, 45, 68, 90, 225, or 450 g ha−1) of cloquintocet-mexyl, fenchlorazole-ethyl, and mefenpyr-diethyl increased. On the basis of creeping bentgrass responses to various safener rates, safeners were applied at 68 and 450 g ha−1 in additional experiments to evaluate their effects on pinoxaden (90 g ha−1) injury to creeping bentgrass and efficacy against perennial ryegrass and roughstalk bluegrass. In these experiments, safeners mefenpyr-diethyl and cloquintocet-mexyl reduced pinoxaden-induced creeping bentgrass injury (from 25 to ≤ 5%) more than fenchlorazole-ethyl at 2 wk after treatment. Safeners reduced pinoxaden efficacy against roughstalk bluegrass. Perennial ryegrass was controlled > 80% by pinoxaden and herbicide safeners did not reduce control. Field experiments should evaluate pinoxaden in combination with cloquintocet-mexyl and mefenpyr-diethyl to optimize safener : herbicide ratios and rates for creeping bentgrass safety as well as perennial ryegrass and roughtstalk bluegrass control in different climates and seasons.

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