Effects of Herbicides on Growth and Vegetative Reproduction of Creeping Rivergrass

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunny L. Bottoms ◽  
Eric P. Webster ◽  
Justin B. Hensley ◽  
David C. Blouin
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Multiple Node ◽  
Herbicide Programs

Studies were conducted to evaluate growth and reproductive capabilities of creeping rivergrass in response to rice herbicide programs. Creeping rivergrass grown from single-node stolon segments, multiple-node stolon segments, and rhizomes was treated with various herbicides to evaluate activity on subsequent growth and viability of nodes produced from treated plants. Comparison with the nontreated, cyhalofop, glyphosate, and imazethapyr reduced creeping rivergrass fresh weight by more than 84 to 96%. Glyphosate reduced sprouting of nodes from treated plants 93% compared with nontreated plants. Activity from these herbicides may decrease when applied to plants grown from rhizomes versus rhizome clusters. Plants treated with cyhalofop, glyphosate, and imazethapyr had reduced fresh weight of 36 to 46% when plants were grown from a rhizome cluster, and 69 to 90% when plants were grown from a single rhizome segment, compared with nontreated. Cyhalofop and glyphosate reduced node sprouting by 81 to 98% of nontreated, regardless of parent structure.

scholarly journals Transit Duration × Temperature and Fertilization of Prefinished Caladiums Affect Subsequent Growth

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-555
Author(s):  
Brent K. Harbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Weight Number

Caladium × hortulanum Birdsey `Candidum' tubers were forced in pots until at least one-half the visible sprouts were 2 cm above the soil surface. These prefinished plants were subjected to simulated transit durations of 2, 4, or 6 days in the dark at 12.5, 15.5, 18.5, 21.0 or 24C. Plants were then grown for 4 weeks in a greenhouse and were either fertilized weekly with 100 ml of a solution containing 500 N-218P-415K (mg·liter-1) or were not fertilized. Interactive effects between transit duration and temperature were significant for all measured growth responses. Transit temperature maintained for 2 days had little effect on subsequent growth and only moderate effects after 4 days. With transit duration of 6 days, an increase in temperature resulted in increased plant height, fresh weight, number of leaves, white coloration of leaves, and percent of plants judged marketable (finished) in 4 weeks. Holding at ≈ 18.5C was most favorable for transit durations of 4 or 6 days. Use of fertilizer during finishing improved plant growth regardless of transit conditions, but did not totally negate deleterious effects from transit conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Citricacid on The Seedling Growth of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varietas Situ Bagendit Under Aluminum Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riza Dwiningrum ◽  
Zulkifli Zulkifli ◽  
Tundjung Tripeni Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Citric Acid Solution ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Relative Water

The objective of this research was to know whether soaking of upland rice seed in citric acid solution  could  alleviate  subsequent  growth  of  seedling  under  aluminum  stress.  The experiment was conducted in plant physiologylaboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science, Lampung University on January 2016, and implemented in2 x 3 factorial designs. Factor A was aluminum with two levels: 0 mM, 5 mM and factor B was Citric Acid with three levels: 0Mm, 5Mm, 10Mm. Variables in this research were shoot length, seedling fresh weight, relative water content, and shoot root ratio. Analysis of variance was conducted at 5% significant level. If   interaction factor A and B was not significant, main effect was determine with lsd test at 5% significant level, but if  significant simple effect was determine with F test at 5% significant level. The result showed that interaction beetwen aluminum and citric acid decreased the shoot length 16-31%. Aluminum decreased fresh weight of seedling 11%, relative water content 3%, and shoot root ratio decreased 15%. It was concluded that soaking upland rice seed in citric acid solution was not able to alleviate subsequent growth of seedling under aluminum stress. Keyword: citric acid, aluminum, upland rice, shoot length, seedling fresh weight

scholarly journals Performance and Yield of Potato Grown in the Jordanian Desert

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 475F-476
Author(s):  
D. Donnelly ◽  
Y. Leclerc ◽  
J.S. Sawwan ◽  
N.A. Hadidi
Keyword(s):  
Field Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Nacl Tolerance ◽  
A Site

The relative growth and yield performance (tuber number and fresh weight) of 13 North American and European potato cultivars were assessed at a site in the Jordanian desert near Zarqa. These cultivars included `Spunta', which has long been grown in Jordan, and `Minerva' and `Ellona', which are new to Jordan. The other 10 cultivars were selected from a population of 130 cultivars that were ranked for salinity (NaCl) tolerance, using an in vitro single-node cutting bioassay. They represented top (4), medium (4), and poor (2) performers in salinized medium, in vitro. The field performance of the 10 in vitro-ranked cultivars generally validated the in vitro rankings. `Spunta' was the worst-performing cultivar.

Effects of radiation from 14CO2 absorbed by Pinus strobus L. seedlings during photosynthesis on their subsequent growth and metabolism

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 919-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Ursino ◽  
V. Slankis ◽  
G. Krotkov
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Pinus Strobus ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

Several times during the year, white pine seedlings were placed in a closed system and each plant was permitted to photo-assimilate 400–500 μCi of 14CO2. At various periods of time after photo-assimilation, the fresh weight, apparent photosynthesis, dark respiration, and distribution of absorbed 14C throughout the seedlings were determined. The location and magnitude of depressed growth caused by the radiation from the incorporated 14C varied with the time of year when photo-assimilation occurred.When 14CO2 photo-assimilation occurred in May and June, suppression of growth was the greatest in the new shoots, whereas when photo-assimilation occurred in the fall, the suppression of growth was more pronounced in the roots. Seedlings which photo-assimilated 14CO2 in the fall appeared normal during winter but their buds failed to develop into new shoots the following spring.It is also suggested that a decrease in the rate of apparent photosynthesis may be used as an indicator of radiation damage brought about by the incorporated 14CO2.

scholarly journals Photoautotrophic and Photomixotrophic Micropropagation of Three Potato Cultivars

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Rahman ◽  
AA Alsadon
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Single Node ◽  
The Media ◽  
Free Media ◽  
Potato Plantlets ◽  
Grown Culture

The present study was aimed to compare the photoautotrophic (PAM) and photomixotrophic micropropagation (PMM) of three potato cultivars (Hermes, Rosetta and Asterix). Cultures were initiated from single node explants and established in MS basal medium with some modifications. Potato plantlets responded in sugar-free media although sugar-containing media (PMM1 and PMM2) performed better as compared to that of sugar-free (PAM1 and PAM2) media. The PMM1 produced shoot length averaging 6.25 cm with 8.08 nodes and weighing 0.24 g fresh weight of plantlet. On the other hand, PAM1 grown culture produced 4.03 cm shoot length, 8 nodes and 0.06 g of fresh weight. Shoot length and fresh weight of plantlets were significantly higher in PMM1 and PMM2 based media. Whereas the number of nodes per shoot was not significantly different on media with or without sugar (except the media PAM2). Sugar and vitamin-free media ( PAM2 ) performed inferior in all the traits. Key words: Potato, Photoautotrophic and Photomixotrophic Micropropagation.   doi: 10.3329/jbs.v15i0.2210   J. bio-sci. 15: 111-116, 2007

Modifications to callus culture characteristics and plastid differentiation by the formation of an albino callus of Lotus corniculatus

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2500-2505 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. Swanson ◽  
D. T. Tomes ◽  
W. G. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Plastid Genome ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Plastid Differentiation ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
Culture Characteristics ◽  
Green Callus

An achlorophyllous mutant callus (Leo 5u) arose spontaneously from a green callus genotype (Leo 5) of Lotus corniculatus L. (cv. Leo). The Leo 5u callus had no detectable plastid ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and ultrastructural analysis revealed no 70s ribosomes, and few thylakoids or plastoglobuli. The white callus growth was completely inhibited by adding exogenous cytokinins to the medium and any subsequent growth was from isolated green revertant islands in the white callus. Green plants were regenerated from these islands and produced fertile plants; however, subsequent regenerants have failed to flower. Reculturing of callus from Leo 5u plants produed a callus (Leo 5u(r)) similar in regeneration and growth rate to the original Leo 5. While the fresh weight growth rate of Leo 5u callus was faster than Leo 5 or Leo 5u(r), no difference in dry weights was observed. Amyloplasts have been maintained in the Leo 5u callus for over 3 years and have maintained their ability to form chloroplasts. It is hypothesized that the plastid genome is required solely for the differentiation of the plastid while the cell nucleus is responsible for initiating the division and compartmental maintenance of the plastid.

scholarly journals Effect of Cutting Size on Rooting and Subsequent Growth of Acer rubrum ‘Red Sunset’ Cuttings

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Smalley ◽  
Michael A. Dirr
Keyword(s):  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
First Year ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Overwinter Survival ◽  
Percent Survival ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
The Difference

Rooting and subsequent overwinter survival and growth of single-node (5 cm; 2 in), triple-node (15 cm; 6 in), and tip cuttings (15 cm; 6in) of Acer rubrum L. ‘Red Sunset’ were compared. Triple-node cuttings had significantly more roots and total length of roots than single-node and tip cuttings, but no difference in percent rooting or percent survival existed among the cutting types. The triple-node and tip cuttings had significantly greater caliper after the first year of growth than the single-node cuttings, but the difference was minor (1 to 2 mm; 0.04 to 0.08 in). No difference in first year height existed among the cutting types. The single-node cuttings were straighter and had significantly fewer lateral budbreaks than the triple-node and tip cuttings.

scholarly journals Growth and Flower Quality of Single-node Cutting Rose `Versillia' Under Irrigation Control by Integrated Solar Radiation in Aeroponics

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 764B-764
Author(s):  
Joo Hyun Lee* ◽  
Yong-Beom Lee ◽  
Kang Pal Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Irrigation Control ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Better Than

This study was conducted to determine the growth and flower quality of single-node cutting rose `Versillia' under two different irrigation control methods (time clock and integrated solar radiation). The frequency of irrigation was controlled by time clock and integrated solar radiation of 1.25 and 2.09 and 3.35 MJ·m-2 in aeroponics. Photosynthesis was the highest in the integrated solar radiation of 2.09 MJ·m-2 and 1.25 MJ·m-2 the lowest in the integrated solar radiation of 3.35 MJ·m-2. The growth of single-node cutting rose `Versillia' at 1.25 MJ·m-2 and 2.09 MJ·m-2 was better than 3.35 MJ·m-2 for stem length and fresh weight. Root activities of single-node cutting rose were significantly higher at 2.09 MJ·m-2 and 1.25 MJ·m-2 than those at 3.35 MJ·m-2. The irrigation control method using integrated solar radiation of 1.25-2.09 MJ·m-2 showed a improvement of plant growth and flower quality.

Confirmation and Management of Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) Resistant to Diclosulam

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Chandi ◽  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
Bridget R. Lassiter
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Herbicide Programs

Selection for biotypes of common ragweed expressing resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)–inhibiting herbicides has increased in North Carolina and surrounding states. Research was conducted in North Carolina to confirm common ragweed resistance to diclosulam and to compare herbicide programs designed to control ALS-resistant common ragweed in corn, cotton, peanut, and soybean. In greenhouse experiments, 50% inhibition values following POST application of diclosulam for mortality of plants, visual estimates for percentage of control, and percentage of reduction in plant fresh weight were 557- to 653-fold higher for the suspected ALS-resistant biotype compared with a suspected ALS-susceptible biotype. Herbicides with different modes of action, including atrazine, dicamba, and glyphosate in corn; fomesafen, glyphosate, MSMA, and prometryn in cotton; bentazon, flumioxazin, and lactofen in peanut; and flumioxazin, glyphosate, and lactofen in soybean controlled common ragweed more effectively than programs relying on cloransulam-methyl (soybean), diclosulam (peanut), thifensulfuron (corn), and trifloxysulfuron (cotton), which typically control nonresistant common ragweed populations. Applying tank-mix or sequential applications of herbicides with different modes of action was effective in controlling ALS-resistant common ragweed in all crops.

Growth and yield of orange (Washington Navel 141) grafted on different citrus rootstocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Suhiel Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sour Orange ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Washington Navel ◽  
Orange Trees ◽  
Cleopatra Mandarin ◽  
Troyer Citrange

Abstract. This investigation was conducted during 2014, 2015 and 2016 in the field of the citrus experimental station in Ciano, the general corps of scientific agricultural researches. The growth and yield of orange trees (Washington navel 141) budded on seven citrus rootstocks (Sour orange, Troyer citrange, Carrizo citrange, Citrumelo 4475, Citrumelo 1452, Macrophylla and Cleopatra mandarin) and farmed since 1989 have been studied. The results for the average of yield showed that the trees grafted on Cleopatra mandarin (58.33 kg. tree-1) were significantly superior to those grafted on Macrophylla (34.17 kg. tree-1). Orange trees grafted on Citrumelo 4475 and Citrumelo 1452 were significantly superior to other treatments in trunk section area of the rootstock (922.41 and 841.02 cm2, respectively). The greatest fruit fresh weight was in trees grafted on Citrumelo 4475 (284.85 g. fruit-1) which were significantly superior to those grafted on Carrizo and Troyer citrange (232.49 and 236.06 g. fruit-1, respectively). The biggest total soluble solids (%) was in trees grafted on Carrizo and Troyer citrange (12.83% for both treatments) which were significantly superior to those grafted on Sour orangе and Macrophylla (11.5% for both treatments), while the greatest total acids (%) was by Sour orange (2.08%) without significant differences.

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