Evaluation of Saflufenacil in Drill-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 660-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garret B. Montgomery ◽  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
Bobby R. Golden ◽  
Jeffrey Gore ◽  
H. Matthew Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Hemp Sesbania

Palmer amaranth is the most common and troublesome broadleaf weed species of rice in Mississippi because of the effects of early-season interference and infestations on rice levees, and herbicides for residual or POST control of Palmer amaranth in rice are limited. Three studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate application rates and timings of saflufenacil in rice and to determine the influence of adjuvants when mixed with saflufenacil applied POST. In a PRE study, no injury occurred after saflufenacil PRE, and no control was observed from carfentrazone. Hemp sesbania and Palmer amaranth control increased with increasing saflufenacil rate when applied PRE. Hemp sesbania control with saflufenacil at any rate PRE was ≤ 25% at 35 d after treatment (DAT). Palmer amaranth and ivyleaf morningglory control with saflufenacil at 75 g ai ha−1PRE was ≥ 94% 35 DAT. In a POST study, rice injury was influenced by application timing and rate of saflufenacil; however, efficacy was not. Rice injury with saflufenacil at 25 g ha−1and carfentrazone early POST (EPOST) and late POST was similar 7 DAT. Saflufenacil at 50 and 75 g ha−1EPOST were the most injurious 7 DAT. Control of hemp sesbania and ivyleaf morningglory was similar for all rates of saflufenacil and carfentrazone; however, Palmer amaranth control with saflufenacil at any rate was greater than that of carfentrazone 14 and 28 DAT. In an adjuvant study, rice injury was influenced by adjuvant and saflufenacil rate. Saflufenacil applied alone or in mixture with crop oil concentrate (COC) was least injurious, and saflufenacil at 50 g ha−1was more injurious than saflufenacil at 25 g ha−1. Saflufenacil applied in combination with any adjuvant provided better control of hemp sesbania and Palmer amaranth than saflufenacil alone. On the basis of this research, saflufenacil should be applied PRE at 50 or 75 g ha−1, depending on weed spectrum, and POST applications should be made at 25 g ha−1in combination with COC after the two-leaf rice growth stage.

Use of Imazosulfuron in Herbicide Programs for Drill-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa) in the Mid-South United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilpreet S. Riar ◽  
Jason K. Norsworthy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Herbicide Programs

Research was conducted in 2009 and 2010 to evaluate influence of imazosulfuron rate and application timing on weed control in drill-seeded rice at Stuttgart, AR, and to evaluate imazosulfuron-containing herbicide programs in drill-seeded rice at Keiser and Stuttgart, AR. Weed species evaluated included barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, hemp sesbania, and yellow nutsedge. Imazosulfuron applied at 224 and 336 g ai ha−1during PRE, early POST (EPOST), or preflood (PREFLD) growth periods provided similar control of all weeds. Imazosulfuron applied EPOST or PREFLD controlled hemp sesbania and yellow nutsedge ≥ 93% both years at 5 and 7 wk after planting (WAP), except in 2009 when hemp sesbania control was ≤ 79% at 7 WAP. In 2010, because of inadequate rainfall, hemp sesbania and yellow nutsedge control with PRE-applied imazosulfuron was ≤29% at 5 and 7 WAP. Imazosulfuron plus clomazone PRE followed by (fb) quinclorac plus propanil EPOST and imazosulfuron plus quinclorac EPOST fb thiobencarb plus propanil PREFLD programs controlled hemp sesbania and barnyardgrass (in at least two site-years), and yellow nutsedge and broadleaf signalgrass (in at least one site-year) greater than or equal to clomazone plus quinclorac PRE fb propanil plus halosulfuron PRELD (standard program). No rice injury was observed with any herbicide program. Rice yield with all imazosulfuron-containing herbicide programs (6,630 to 8,130 kg ha−1) was similar to the standard herbicide program (7,240 kg ha−1). Imazosulfuron in mixture with clomazone, propanil, or quinclorac can be incorporated into herbicide programs of mid-South rice production for the control of broadleaf weeds and sedges.

Effects of Simulated MSMA Drift on Rice (Oryza sativa) Growth and Yield

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Richard ◽  
H. R. Hurst ◽  
R. D. Wauchope
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Over The Top

Levels of MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate) that simulated drift (0.2, 0.39, and 0.78 kg/ha) were applied over-the-top to rice (Oryza sativaL. ‘Vista’, ‘Starbonnet’, or ‘Labelle’) after flooding at four developmental stages between early tillering and late jointing. The MSMA rates used were equivalent to, or lower than, the 0.78-kg/ha rate that would be applied as an over-the-top application to cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) for early season weed control. Over-the-top applications of MSMA did not affect heading and maturity dates of filled grains regardless of the rate or application timing. Reductions occurred, however, in plant height, number of panicles, and yield. In addition, the percentage of erect panicles showing typical “straighthead” symptoms increased. Rice sensitivity to MSMA depended on MSMA rate and stage of growth with injury being most severe as rice approached the reproductive stages of development. Because aerial applications of MSMA to cotton are normally made before rice reaches the reproductive stage, injury resulting from MSMA drift should be minimal.

Weed Competition in Rice

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Echinochloa Crusgalli ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Sesbania Exaltata ◽  
Hemp Sesbania

Barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv.], duck-salad [Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Willd.], hemp sesbania [Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Cory], and northern jointvetch [Aeschynomene virginica (L.) B.S.P.] significantly reduced rice [Oryza sativa L.] yields. Damage to rice increased as populations of barnyardgrass, hemp sesbania, and northern jointvetch increased. Barnyardgrass and duck-salad lowered yields during early season, but hemp sesbania and northern jointvetch decreased yields in late season.

Quackgrass (Elytrigia repens) Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Nicosulfuron and Primisulfuron

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Bruce ◽  
James J. Kells
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Elytrigia Repens ◽  
Northern United States

Quackgrass is a serious weed problem in the northern United States and southern Canada. Field experiments were conducted in 1990 and 1991 to examine the effect of herbicide rate, application timing, quackgrass growth stage, and cultivation on quackgrass control with nicosulfuron and primisulfuron in corn. Nicosulfuron (35 g ai/ha) and primisulfuron (40 g ai/ha) each provided 84% or greater control of two-leaf plants and 93% or greater control of four-leaf quackgrass plants. Sequential applications of both nicosulfuron and primisulfuron provided greater season-long control than single applications of the same rate on two-leaf but not four-leaf quackgrass. Cultivation 10 d after nicosulfuron or primisulfuron application often increased early-season control, but by corn harvest few differences were observed. Postemergence (POST) applications of nicosulfuron and primisulfuron provided at least 88% control, compared with 66 to 86% from an early preplant application of glyphosate. Corn yields were similar regardless of the quackgrass control program.

Increased Absorption and Translocation Contribute to Improved Efficacy of Dicamba to Control Early Growth Stage Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)

Weed Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Cuvaca ◽  
Randall Currie ◽  
Kraig Roozeboom ◽  
Jack Fry ◽  
Mithila Jugulam
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Amaranthus Palmeri ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Early Growth Stage

Abstract Rapid growth of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) poses a challenge for timely management of this weed. Dose response studies were conducted in 2017 and 2018 under field and greenhouse conditions near Garden City and Manhattan, KS, respectively, to evaluate the efficacy of dicamba to control ≤10 cm, 15 cm, and 30 cm tall-Palmer amaranth that mimics three herbicide application timing: on time application (Day 0), and 1 (Day 1) and 4 days (Day 4) delay. Visual injury rating and reduction in shoot biomass (% of non-treated), and mortality were assessed at four weeks after treatment using a three- and four-parameter log-logistic model, in R software program. Increasing dicamba doses increased A. palmeri control regardless of plant height both in the field and greenhouse studies. The results suggest that delaying application one (15 cm) and four days (30 cm), resulted in a two- and 27-fold increase in the effective dose of dicamba on A. palmeri, respectively, under field conditions. However, in the greenhouse, for the same level of A. palmeri control, more than one- and two-fold increase in dicamba dose, respectively was required. Similarly, the effective dose of dicamba required for 50% reduction in A. palmeri shoot biomass (GR50) increased more than four- and eight-fold or more than one- and two-fold when dicamba application was delayed by one (15 cm) and four days (30 cm), in the field or in the greenhouse, respectively. To understand the basis of increased efficacy of dicamba in controlling early growth stage of A. palmeri, dicamba absorption and translocation studies were conducted. Results indicate a significant reduction in dicamba absorption (7%) and translocation (15%) with increase in A. palmeri height. Therefore, increased absorption and translocation of dicamba results in increased efficacy in improving A. palmeri control at early growth stage.

Rice (Oryza sativa) Weed Control with Soil Applications of Quinclorac

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe E. Street ◽  
Thomas C. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Moist Soil ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Dry Soil

Field studies were conducted from 1988 to 1990 on a Sharkey clay to evaluate residual weed control in rice with quinclorac applied PPI, PRE to dry soil, and PRE to moist soil. Quinclorac applied at 0.4 or 0.6 kg ai ha−1PPI or PRE to dry or moist soil controlled more than 80% of barnyardgrass, pitted morningglory, and hemp sesbania without rice injury. Quinclorac applied at 0.3 kg ha−1controlled these three weed species substantially but inconsistently. No rice injury was observed from any quinclorac treatment. Except for one of three years when irrigation was delayed for 7 d after PRE application to dry soil, application timing did not consistently affect weed control or rice yield.

Mesotrione Activity on Crabgrass (Digitariaspp.) as Influenced by Nitrogen Fertilization Rate, Source, and Timing

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Leslie L. Beck ◽  
Aaron J. Patton ◽  
Quincy D. Law ◽  
Daniel V. Weisenberger ◽  
James T. Brosnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
N Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
N Source ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Herbicide Activity ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Mesotrione, a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase-inhibiting herbicide, is labeled for PRE and POST crabgrass control. It has enhanced efficacy on smooth and large crabgrass when applied in conjunction with soil-applied nitrogen (N). The objectives of this study, using crabgrass as the weed species, were to (1) determine the influence of N rate and tissue N concentration on mesotrione activity, (2) determine the influence of N source on mesotrione activity, and (3) determine the influence of N application timing on mesotrione activity. Large crabgrass plants that received 12 kg N ha−1or more before mesotrione application had more bleached and necrotic leaves compared with plants that received 0 kg N ha−17 d after treatment (DAT) in the greenhouse. Although N application rates as high as 98 kg N ha−1were tested, 90% leaf bleaching and necrosis were observed with rates of 8.9 or 10.1 kg N ha−1in Tennessee and Indiana, respectively. Nitrogen concentration in large crabgrass leaf and stem tissue on the day of the mesotrione application was closely related to the bleaching and necrosis symptoms observed 7 DAT. Although N rate influenced mesotrione activity, N source did not. Nitrogen application timing was also important, with N applications 3, 1, and 0 d before a mesotrione application having the highest percentage of bleached and necrotic leaves in greenhouse experiments. Both greenhouse and field trials support the finding that N applications in proximity to the mesotrione application enhance herbicide activity. Thus, practitioners can pair N and POST mesotrione applications together or in proximity to enhance crabgrass control.

Reduced-Input, Postemergence Weed Control with Glyphosate and Residual Herbicides in Second-Generation Glyphosate-Resistant Cotton

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek M. Scroggs ◽  
Donnie K. Miller ◽  
James L. Griffin ◽  
Lawrence E. Steckel ◽  
David C. Blouin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Roundup Ready ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Residual Herbicide

Field studies were conducted 2004 and 2005 to evaluate weed control following POST applications of glyphosate in combination with eitherS-metolachlor (premix formulation), pyrithiobac, or trifloxysulfuron in conjunction with glyphosate in second-generation glyphosate-resistant cotton (Roundup Ready Flex). These herbicides were applied in combination with glyphosate in a two-application program at the 2-leaf (LF) (followed by glyphosate alone at the 10-LF growth stage), 6-LF (following glyphosate alone at the 2-LF growth stage), or 10-LF (following glyphosate alone at the 2-LF growth stage) cotton growth stages. No differences in weed control between residual herbicide were observed for goosegrass, hemp sesbania, Johnsongrass, Palmer amaranth, redroot pigweed, sicklepod, or smellmelon. Optimum control of barnyardgrass and browntop millet was achieved with glyphosate plusS-metolachlor. No differences were observed among application timings for control of goosegrass, hemp sesbania, Johnsongrass, pitted morningglory, and smellmelon. Control of barnyardgrass, browntop millet, Palmer amaranth, redroot pigweed, and sicklepod was optimized with residual herbicide application at the 2- or 10-LF timing. No yield differences were observed between residual herbicides, and seed cotton yield averaged 2,800 kg/ha. Yield was maximized when residual herbicide was applied at the 2- or 10-LF growth stage (2,960 to 2,730 kg/ha). Analysis based on numerical yield at particular residual-herbicide application timings and calculated yield for each timing based on the percentage of a standard three-application glyphosate program indicated the most consistent residual-herbicide timing for optimizing yield in a reduced-input Roundup Ready Flex weed-control program occurred at the two-leaf growth stage. All reduced-input programs, however, resulted in cotton yield of at least 93% of that obtained with the standard program.

Postemergence Control of Red Rice (Oryza sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Barrentine ◽  
Joe E. Street ◽  
Mark E. Kurtz
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Mefluidide {N-[2,4-dimethyl-5-[[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] amino] phenyl] acetamide}+bentazon [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] at 0.14 + 0.84 kg ai/ha was the most injurious of five herbicide treatments applied once to one- to two-leaf red rice (Oryza sativa L. ♯3 ORYSA). The most injurious treatment to five-to six-leaf red rice was DPX Y6202 {ethyl [2-[4-[6-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl]oxy]phenoxy] propionate} at 0.56 kg ai/ha. Two applications, regardless of red rice growth stage, of all treatments except fluazifop {[±]-butyl-2-[4-[[5-trifluoromethyl]-2-pyridinyl] oxy] phenoxy] propanoate} resulted in 86 to 99% injury.

Processing Tomato and Weed Response to Flufenacet plus Metribuzin

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Sikkema ◽  
Allan S. Hamill ◽  
Mirwais M. Qaderi ◽  
Colleen Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Green Foxtail

Field experiments were conducted in 1998, 1999, and 2000 at two locations (Harrow and Ridgetown) in southwestern Ontario to determine the biologically effective rates (I90) of a commercial formulation of flufenacet plus metribuzin for weed control and processing tomato tolerance. At the proposed label use rate, flufenacet plus metribuzin provided excellent (≥90%) early-season (22 to 29 d after planting) control of velvetleaf, good (80 to 89%) control of barnyardgrass and redroot pigweed, and fair (60 to 79%) control of common lambsquarters. Flufenacet plus metribuzin provided fair late-season (59 to 97 d after planting) control of redroot pigweed and common lambsquarters and poor (≤59%) control of barnyardgrass and velvetleaf. At Harrow and Ridgetown, I90values for early-season weed control ranged from 70 to 1,300 g ai/ha and 50 to 1,900 g ai/ha, respectively. Flufenacet plus metribuzin provided poor weed control at Ridgetown. This result was not attributable to higher weed density or particular weed species but may have been caused by lack of rainfall and too low application rates for the medium-textured soil type. It is estimated that flufenacet plus metribuzin at 1,400 g/ha can control green foxtail season-long, whereas barnyardgrass and common lambsquarters would require 1,900 g/ha. Season-long control of velvetleaf and redroot pigweed would require application rates of 3,200 and 7,100 g/ha, respectively. Only slight early-season crop injury was observed, which was not reflected in yields. Optimum yields of tomatoes were obtained at Harrow at rates lower or slightly higher than the registered rates for corn and soybean. Tomato yields were higher at Harrow than at Ridgetown, which may have been due to differences in soil texture. Tomatoes grown in a medium-textured (Ridgetown) soil appeared to be less competitive against weeds than those grown in a coarse-textured soil (Harrow).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document