SELECTIVE PRODUCTION OF ALKYL LEVULINATE DIRECTLY FROM FURFURAL VIA TRANSFER HYDROGENATION OVER ZR-BASED HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-221
Author(s):  
Suhas Shinde ◽  
Chandrashekhar Rode
Synthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 504-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eszter Baráth

Based on the ever-increasing demand for optically pure compounds, the development of efficient methods to produce such products is very important. Homogeneous asymmetric catalysis occupies a prominent position in the ranking of chemical transformations, with transition metals coordinated to chiral ligands being applied extensively for this purpose. However, heterogeneous catalysts have the ability to further extend the field of asymmetric transformations, because of their beneficial properties such as high stability, ease of separation and regeneration, and the possibility to apply them in continuous processes. The main challenge is to find potential synthetic routes that can provide a chemically and thermally stable heterogeneous catalyst having the necessary chiral information, whilst keeping the catalytic activity and enantioselectivity equally high (or even higher) than the corresponding homogeneous counterpart. Within this short review, the most relevant immobilization modes and preparative strategies depending on the support material used are summarized. From the reaction scope viewpoint, metal catalysts supported on the various solid materials studied in (asymmetric) transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds are selected and represent the main focus of the second part of this overview.1 Introduction2 Synthesis of Chiral Heterogeneous Catalysts2.1 Immobilization of Homogeneous Asymmetric Catalysts2.1.1 Immobilization on Inorganic Supports2.1.2 Immobilization on Organic Polymers as Supports2.1.3 Immobilization on Dendrimer-Type Materials as Supports2.1.4 Self-Supported Chiral Catalysts: Coordination Polymers2.1.5 Immobilization Using Non-Conventional Media2.2 Chirally Modified Metal Surfaces for Heterogeneous Asymmetric Catalysis3 Examples of Transfer Hydrogenation on Heterogeneous Catalysts3.1 Silicon-Immobilized Catalysts3.2 Carbon-Material-Immobilized Catalysts3.3 Polymer-Immobilized Catalysts3.4 Magnetic-Nanoparticle-Immobilized Catalysts4 Conclusions


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1383-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengmeng Wang ◽  
Lincai Peng ◽  
Xueying Gao ◽  
Liang He ◽  
Junhua Zhang

Integrated catalytic dehydration/transfer-hydrogenation/alcoholysis in a one-pot cascade model to realize efficient conversion of xylose into alkyl levulinate is creditable in terms of sustainability and process economics.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixuan Liu ◽  
Xixi Liu ◽  
Mingrui Li ◽  
Ye Meng ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
...  

The massive burning of a large amount of fossil energy has caused a lot of serious environmental issues (e.g., air pollution and climate change), urging people to efficiently explore and valorize sustainable alternatives. Biomass is being deemed as the only organic carbon-containing renewable resource for the production of net-zero carbon emission fuels and fine chemicals. Regarding this, the selective transformation of high-oxygen biomass feedstocks by catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) is a very promising strategy to realize the carbon cycle. Among them, the important Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reaction is believed to be capable of replacing the traditional hydrogenation strategy which generally requires high-pressure H2 and precious metals, aiming to upgrade biomass into downstream biochemical products and fuels. Employing bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts with both acidic and basic sites is needed to catalyze the MPV reaction, which is the key point for domino/cascade reaction in one pot that can eliminate the relevant complicated separation/purification step. Zirconium (Zr) and hafnium (Hf), belonging to transition metals, rich in reserves, can demonstrate similar catalytic efficiency for MPV reaction as that of precious metals. This review introduced the application of recyclable heterogeneous non-noble Zr/Hf-containing catalysts with acid-base bifunctionality for CTH reaction using the safe liquid hydrogen donor. The corresponding catalysts were classified into different types including Zr/Hf-containing metal oxides, supported materials, zeolites, metal-organic frameworks, metal-organic hybrids, and their respective pros and cons were compared and discussed comprehensively. Emphasis was placed on evaluating the bifunctionality of catalytic material and the key role of the active site corresponding to the structure of the catalyst in the MPV reaction. Finally, a concise summary and prospect were also provided centering on the development and suggestion of Zr/Hf-containing acid-base bifunctional catalysts for CTH.


2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 3746-3751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Hong Gong ◽  
Yi-Yu Cai ◽  
Xin-Hao Li ◽  
Ya-Nan Zhang ◽  
Juan Su ◽  
...  

Transfer hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds can be conducted over Pd/CN catalysts at room temperature in an aqueous solution of formic acid.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo liu ◽  
Mingyue Zhang ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Xiuzhi Wei ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
...  

The development of transition metal heterogeneous catalysts for economical and effective synthesis of N-methylamine, especially for the mono-methylation of amines is still challenging. Herein, two unprecedented Rh-supported COFs heterogeneous catalysts Rh/MelCOF was facile synthesized by Schiff base reaction using melamine as a precursor, and for the first time, it was successfully applied to the effective and high selective tandem reaction of transfer hydrogenation and mono-methylation of nitroaromatic hydrocarbons with methanol as C1 and hydrogenation source, with water as the only by-product. A series of nitroaromatic hydrocarbons, including heterocyclic or sterically hindered derivatives, can be well tolerated and the catalyst could also be reused 4 times without losing significant reactivity. At the same time, the study of the Rh/MelCOF mechanism supports the hydrogen borrowing mechanism and puts forward the reaction pathway of azobenzene as an intermediate, which is better than the hydrogen transfer pathway from N-phenylhydroxylamine to aniline directly. This work not only expands the COF family but also provides an effective way to obtain mono N-methylated amines from nitroaromatic hydrocarbons, as well as the detailed mechanism of Rh/COF catalyzed tandem transfer hydrogenation and mono-methylation of amines.


2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Chuan-Jun Yue ◽  
Qiu-Neng Xu ◽  
Li-Ping Gu ◽  
Jin-Fang Wang

Abstract The efficient reuse of homogeneous catalyst is important. Cation complex of [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(PPh3)(CH3CN) Cl]PF6 with different ligands was synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), 1H-, 13C- and 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-, 13C- and 31P-NMR), element analysis (EA), and high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). The complex was used as a catalyst for the hydrogen transfer reduction of carbonyl for the first time, presenting an excellent catalytic performance of 89%–98% conversion of acetophenone and its derivatives. The catalyst may be efficiently reused by the electro-adsorption of 10 times to one catalyst recovery. The cation [Ru] complex presented advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.


2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paria Eghbali ◽  
Bilal Nişancı ◽  
Önder Metin

Abstract Addressed herein is a facile one-pot synthesis of graphene hydrogel (GHJ) supported Pd nanoparticles (NPs), namely Pd-GHJ nanocomposites, via a novel method that comprises the combination of hydrothermal treatment and polyol reduction protocols in water. The structure Pd-GHJ nanocomposites were characterized by TEM, HR-TEM, XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy and BET surface area analysis. Then, Pd-GHJ nanocomposites were used as a heterogeneous catalysts in the tandem dehydrogenation of ammonia borane and hydrogenation of nitroarenes (Ar–NO2) to anilines (Ar–NH2) in the water/methanol mixture at room temperature. A variety of Ar–NO2 derivatives (total 9 examples) were successfully converted to the corresponding Ar–NH2 by the help of Pd-GHJ nanocomposites catalyzed tandem reactions with the conversion yields reaching up to 99% in only 20 min reaction time. Moreover, Pd-GHJ nanocomposites were demonstrated to be the reusable catalysts in the tandem reactions by preserving their initial catalytic performance after five consecutive catalytic cycles. It is believed that the presented synthesis protocol for the Pd-GHJ nanocomposites and the catalytic tandem hydrogenation reactions will make a significant contribution to the catalysis and synthetic organic chemistry fields.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 790-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian He ◽  
Song Yang ◽  
Anders Riisager

Commercial nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles are efficient, durable and magnetically recoverable heterogeneous catalysts for catalytic transfer hydrogenation of biomass-derived furfural as well as other aldehydes with 2-propanol as the H-donor forming furfuryl alcohol and various aromatic/allyl/alkenyl alcohols, respectively.


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