2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 3689-3695 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Karuwan ◽  
A. Wisitsoraat ◽  
P. Chaisuwan ◽  
D. Nacapricha ◽  
A. Tuantranont

This work presents a new method for mass fabrication of a new microfluidic device with integrated graphene-based electrochemical electrodes by the screen printing technique for in-channel amperometric detection.


2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Voslarova ◽  
Vladimir Vecerek ◽  
Annamaria Passantino ◽  
Petr Chloupek ◽  
Iveta Bedanova

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 3137-3145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Ritter ◽  
M. Ellis ◽  
R. Bowman ◽  
J. Brinkmann ◽  
S. E. Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Todd Hylton

Concepts from thermodynamics are ubiquitous in computing systems today—e.g., in power supplies and cooling systems, in signal transport losses, in device fabrication, in state changes, and in the methods of machine learning. Here we propose that thermodynamics should be the central, unifying concept in future computing systems. In particular, we suppose that future computing technologies will thermodynamically evolve in response to electrical and information potential in their environment and, therefore, address the central challenges of energy efficiency and self-organization in technological systems. In this article, we summarize the motivation for a new computing paradigm grounded in thermodynamics and articulate a vision for such future systems.


RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 5967-5977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiming Zhang ◽  
Junzong Feng ◽  
Liangjun Li ◽  
Yonggang Jiang ◽  
Jian Feng

The control strategy for the microstructure of resorcinol–furfural (RF) aerogels and derived carbon aerogels is attracting attention in different applications such as adsorbents, electrochemical electrodes, thermal insulation and so on.


Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abimael Rodriguez ◽  
Romeli Barbosa ◽  
Abraham Rios ◽  
Jaime Ortegon ◽  
Beatriz Escobar ◽  
...  

Electrochemical electrodes comprise multiple phenomena at different scales. Several works have tried to model such phenomena using statistical techniques. This paper proposes a novel process to work with reduced size images to reconstruct microstructures with the Simulated Annealing method. Later, using the Finite Volume Method, it is verified the effect of the image resolution on the effective transport coefficient (ETC). The method can be applied to synthetic images or images from the Scanning Electron Microscope. The first stage consists of obtaining the image of minimum size, which contains at least 98% of the statistical information of the original image, allowing an equivalent statistical study. The image size reduction was made by applying an iterative decimation over the image using the normalized coarseness to compare the amount of information contained at each step. Representative improvements, especially in processing time, are achieved by reducing the size of the reconstructed microstructures without affecting their statistical behavior. The process ends computing the conduction efficiency from the microstructures. The simulation results, obtained from two kinds of images from different materials, demonstrate the effectivity of the proposed approach. It is important to remark that the controlled decimation allows a reduction of the processor and memory use during the reconstruction and ETC computation of electrodes.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1103-1112
Author(s):  
Matthew J Ritter ◽  
Chad L Yoder ◽  
Corey L Jones ◽  
Scott N Carr ◽  
Michelle S Calvo-Lorenzo

Abstract An industry survey representing approximately 310 million (M) market weight pigs was conducted with 20 U.S. slaughter facilities over the calendars years of 2012 to 2015 to determine the incidence, seasonal patterns, and estimated economic impact of dead and non-ambulatory pigs. Each plant entered daily totals in a secure online database for the following variables: 1) pigs slaughtered, 2) dead on arrival (DOA; dead on the truck), 3) euthanized on arrival (EOA; non-ambulatory pig with an injury that required euthanasia), 4) dead in pen (DIP; died after unloading), and 5) non-ambulatory (pig unable to move or keep up with the rest of the group from unloading to stunning). Total dead pigs were calculated as DOA + EOA + DIP, and total losses were calculated as non-ambulatory + total dead. The economic impact was estimated based on the 4-yr weighted averages from USDA annual reports for market swine slaughtered (108,470,550 pigs), live market weight (126.9 kg), and live market price ($1.44/kg). The 4-yr weighted averages for total dead, non-ambulatory, and total losses were 0.26%, 0.63%, and 0.88%, respectively. Total dead consisted of 0.15% DOA, 0.05% EOA, and 0.05% DIP. The months with the highest rates of total dead were July (0.29%), August (0.32%), and September (0.30%), while the lowest incidence rates occurred in February (0.22%), March (0.22%), and April (0.22%). The months with the highest rates of non-ambulatory pigs were observed during the months of October (0.70%), November (0.71%), and December (0.70%), whereas the lowest rates of non-ambulatory pigs were observed during the months of April (0.57%), May (0.53%), and June (0.54%). The following assumptions were used in the economic analysis: 1) dead pigs received no value and 2) non-ambulatory pigs were discounted 30%. Based on these assumptions, the annual cost to the industry for dead and non-ambulatory pigs was estimated to be $52 M ($0.48 per pig marketed) and $37 M ($0.35 per pig marketed), respectively. Therefore, total losses represent approximately $89 M in economic losses or $0.83 per pig marketed. This is the first industry-wide survey on the incidence of transport losses in market weight pigs at U.S. slaughter facilities, and this information is important for establishing an industry baseline and benchmark for transport losses that can be used for measuring industry improvements.


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