scholarly journals Varietal Differences in Leaf Water Potential, Leaf Diffusive Resistance and Grain Yield of Grain Sorghum Affected by Drought Stress

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261
Author(s):  
Shigeru INUYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Diffusive Resistance

Improvement of the water status and yield of field-grown grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) by inoculation withAzospirillum brasilense

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sarig ◽  
A. Blum ◽  
Y. Okon
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

SummaryThe effect of inoculation withAzospirillum brasilenseon growth, water status and yield of dryland sorghum (cv. RS 610 and cv. H-226) growing on stored soil moisture was examined in three field experiments conducted during the years 1983–5.Plants were sampled at regular intervals, and the following characteristics were measured: dry-matter accumulation, leaf area, grain yield, percentage nitrogen and phosphorus in leaves, leaf water potential, canopy temperature, transpiration, stomatal conductance and soil water depletion.Inoculation led to an average increase of 19% in total stover dry-matter yield, as a result of higher rates of dry-matter accumulation during the early stages of growth.Azospirilluminoculation caused a 15–18% increase in grain yield in all three experiments. This increase was associated with a greater number of seeds per panicle.The water regime of sorghum plants was improved by inoculation, as seen in their higher leaf water potential, lower canopy temperatures and greater stomatal conductance and transpiration. Total extraction of soil moisture by inoculated plants was greater (by about 15%) and occurred from deeper soil layers, compared with non-inoculated controls.These findings indicate that inoculation withAzospirillumcan lead to yield increases in dryland grain sorghum, primarily through improved utilization of soil moisture.

Use of a Hydraulic Press for Estimation of Leaf Water Potential in Grain Sorghum 1

1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Hicks ◽  
R. J. Lascano ◽  
C. W. Wendt ◽  
A. B. Onken
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Leaf Water

scholarly journals Interactive effects of elevated CO2 and drought stress on leaf water potential and growth in Caragana intermedia

Trees ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 712-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Wang Xiao ◽  
Osbert J. Sun ◽  
Guang-Sheng Zhou ◽  
Jing-Zhu Zhao ◽  
Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Caragana Intermedia

Anomalous Water Relations in Copper-Deficient Wheat Plants

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD Graham
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Diffusive Resistance ◽  
Effect Of Copper

Leaf water potential, diffusive resistance, relative water content, weekly water use, yields and head bending were measured on wheat plants subjected to four copper levels (0, 0.4, 0.8 or 4.0 mg Cu per pot) and two water levels (6 or 12% soil water content). Severe copper deficiency (Cu 0) resulted in no grain yield, wilting, increased leaf diffusive resistance and, at the same time, increased leaf water potential relative to plants receiving 4.0 mg Cu (Cu 4.0). Water supply effects were observed but there was no interaction between copper and water treatments. Mild copper deficiency (Cu 0.4, Cu 0.8) resulted in small yield decreases, relative to Cu 4.0, and increased head bending towards maturity. It is concluded that wilting, characteristic of copper-deficient plants, is due to structural weakness (decreased lignification) and not to the water status of the plants; also, increased leaf diffusive resistance is due to a specific effect of copper deficiency on guard cells and not to decreased leaf water potential.

scholarly journals Impact of Drought Stress on the Accumulation of Capsaicinoids in Capsicum Cultivars with Different Initial Capsaicinoid Levels

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1204-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paongpetch Phimchan ◽  
Suchila Techawongstien ◽  
Saksit Chanthai ◽  
Paul W. Bosland
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Drought Stress Condition

Capsaicinoids are the alkaloids in hot pepper that cause the sensation of heat when eaten and are affected by a genetic and environment interaction. Drought stress is well recognized as an environmental condition that influences capsaicinoid accumulation. This investigation identified the responses of capsaicinoid accumulation in hot pepper cultivars under drought stress condition. A total of nine cultivars with a different initial pungency level, i.e., low, medium, and high, was subjected to gradual drought stress during the flowering stage. Plants in this drought stress group were supplied with reduced water applications of 25%, 50%, and 75% by volume at 10, 20, and 30 days after flowering (DAF), respectively. Leaf water potential and relative water content were recorded to measure the level of drought stress. The results indicated that all cultivars were subjected to drought stress because of their decrease in leaf water potential and changes in physiological characteristics, e.g., growth and yield performance. In addition, leaf area and shoot-to-root ratio were good criteria for identifying hot pepper cultivars under drought stress because their responses were correlated with the stress level and yield components. Yield performances of the high pungency group did not decrease under drought stress, whereas those of the low pungency group did decrease. In conclusion, capsaicinoid levels increased for all cultivars studied when subjected to drought stress, except for the cultivars in the high pungency group. A yield response under drought stress for the medium pungency group varied and was not found to be associated with drought stress.

scholarly journals Leaf Physiological Responses to Drought Stress and Community Assembly in an Asian Savanna

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1119
Author(s):  
Thuy T. Nguyen ◽  
Stefan K. Arndt ◽  
Patrick J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Adaptive Strategies ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Turgor Loss Point ◽  
Drought Avoidance

Deciduous dipterocarp forest (DDF) is the most extensive forest type in continental Southeast Asia, but across much of its range is functionally more similar to tropical savannas than tropical forests. We investigated water relations and drought responses of the four dominant tree species (two Shorea and two Dipterocarpus species) of the DDF in central Vietnam to determine how they responded to prolonged periods of drought stress. We quantified leaf water relations in nursery- and field-grown seedlings of the four species and conducted a dry-down experiment on 258 seedlings to study leaf water potential and morphological responses of the seedlings following the drought stress. The two Shorea and two Dipterocarpus species differed significantly in leaf water potential at turgor loss point and osmotic potential at full turgor, but they showed similar responses to drought stress. All species shed leaves and suffered from stem loss when exposed to water potentials lower than their turgor loss point (approximately −1.7 MPa for Dipterocarpus and −2.6 MPa for Shorea species). Upon rewatering, all species resprouted vigorously regardless of the degree of leaf or stem loss, resulting in only 2% whole-plant mortality rate. Our results suggest that none of the four deciduous dipterocarp species is drought tolerant in terms of their water relations; instead, they employ drought-adaptive strategies such as leaf shedding and vigorous resprouting. Given that all species showed similar drought avoidance and drought-adaptive strategies, it is unlikely that seasonal drought directly influences the patterns of species assembly in the DDF of Southeast Asia.

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