Comparative Studies on Dry Matter Production, Plant Type and Productivity in Soybean, Azuki Bean and Kidney Bean : I. Differences in dry matter accumulation patterns under the low population density

Sulphur is a component of plant amino acids, proteins, vitamins, and enzyme structures which influence the productivity of oil seed and total oil content. The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of sulphur on the seed yield and oil content of sesame in Bangladesh. The experiment comprised three varieties of sesame viz. Binatil-2, Binatil-3 and BARI Til-4 and six levels of sulphur (S) viz. 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg S ha–1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Dry matter production, crop characters, yield components, seed yield and oil content were significantly influenced by variety, level of sulphur and their interaction. The highest dry matter production plant–1 at 50 DAS (17.56 g), plant height (101.3 cm), number of branches plant–1 (3.66), number of pods plant-1 (41.56), number of seeds pod-1 (58.83), seed yield (747.2 kg ha-1), stover yield (2243.0 kg ha–1) and oil content (40.03%) were obtained in BARI Til-4 while the corresponding lowest values of all parameters were recorded in Binatil-2. In case of sulphur application, the highest dry matter production plant–1 at 50 DAS (20.81 g), plant height (109.7 cm), number of branches plant–1 (3.87), number of pods plant–1 (46.13), number of seeds pod-1 (56.67), seed yield (800.0 kg ha–1), stover yield (2787 kg ha–1 ) and oil content (43.97%) were obtained when crop was fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 while the lowest seed yield (502.2 kg ha–1), stover yield (1550.0 kg ha–1) and oil content (32.80%) were obtained in control (0 kg S ha–1). BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 produced the highest dry matter plant–1 at 50 DAS (24.80 g), number of pods plant–1 (51.13), seeds pod–1 (62.0) and seed yield (1011.0 kg ha–1). The highest oil content (43.97%) was also recorded in BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1, which was as good as that of BARI Til-4 fertilized with 40 kg S ha–1. Therefore, BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 can be considered as a promising practice in respect of seed yield and oil content of sesame in Bangladesh. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 33–38, March 2019

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Characteristics of Dry Matter Production ocess in High Yielding Rice Varieties. IV. Dry matter accumulation in the panicle.

Japanese Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.1626/jcs.60.255 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 255-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Kuniyuki SAITO ◽

Sinya KASIWAGI ◽

Takahiro KINOSITA ◽

Kuni ISHIHARA

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Matter Production

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Physiological and Agronomic Strategies to Increase Mungbean Yield in Climatically Variable Environments of Northern Australia

10.20944/preprints201805.0182.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yashvir S. Chauhan ◽

Rex Williams

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Grain Yields ◽

South Wales ◽

Matter Production ◽

Variable Environments

Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] in Australia has been transformed from a niche opportunistic crop into a major summer cropping option for dryland growers in the summer-dominant rainfall regions of Queensland and New South Wales. This transformation followed stepwise genetic improvements in both grain yields and disease resistance. For example, more recent cultivars such as ‘Crystal’, ‘Satin II’ and ‘Jade-AU‘  have provided up to a 20% yield advantage over initial introductions. Improved agronomic management to enable mechanised management and cultivation in narrow (<50 cm) rows has further promised to increase yields. Nevertheless, average yields achieved by growers for their mungbean crops remain less than 1 t/ha, and are much more variable than other broad acre crops.  Further increases in yield and crop resilience in mungbean are vital. In this review, opportunities to improve mungbean have been analysed at four key levels including phenology, leaf area development, dry matter accumulation and its partitioning into grain yield. Improving the prediction of phenology in mungbean may provide further scope for genetic improvements that better match crop duration to the characteristics of target environments. There is also scope to improve grain yields by increasing dry matter production through the development of more efficient leaf canopies. This may introduce additional production risks as dry matter production depends on the amount of available water, which varies considerably within and across growing regions in Australia. Improving crop yields by exploiting photo-thermal sensitivities to increase dry matter is likely a less risky strategy for these variable environments. Improved characterisation of growing environments using modelling approaches could also better define and identify the risks of major abiotic constraints. This would assist in optimising breeding and management strategies to increase grain yield and crop resilience in mungbean for the benefit of growers and industry.

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Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Uptake of High-Yielding Peanut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Grown in a Sandy Soil1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-15-1-2 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 5-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. Halevy ◽

A. Hartzook

Keyword(s):

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Rate ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Total Uptake ◽

Matter Production ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Npk Uptake ◽

High Yields

Abstract Growth and NPK uptake of peanut of cultivar Shulamit (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown in a sandy soil (Xeropsamment - Torripsamment) was investigated under favorable semi-arid conditions conducive to high yields. The rate of dry matter production was slow until flowering at 44 days after planting when only 6% of the total dry matter had been produced. From flowering until 111 days. 58% of the total dry matter was produced with an average rate of 97 kg DM ha-1 day-1. Thereafter, from 112 days until 128 days, at the pod ripening stage, the rate was 233 kg DM ha-1 day-1. Total dry matter production was 11,200 kg ha-1, of which 54% was in the leaves and stems and 46% in the pods. The pod dry matter yield was 5200 kg ha-1. The total uptake of N and P followed generally that of dry matter production, whereas highest K uptake occurred at 128 days and then decreased by 26% at harvest time. The total uptake of N, P, and K was 300, 27 and 244 kg ha-1, respectively. At 128 days the N, P, and K in the pods was 63, 71, and 16% of the total uptake of N, P, and K, respectively.

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Effects of sowing technique on yield formation of Vicia faba as affected by population density, sowing date and plant type

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s002185960008744x ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 122 (2) ◽

pp. 255-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. Stützel ◽

W. Aufhammer ◽

A. Löber

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Vicia Faba ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Sowing Depth ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Matter Production ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

Field Emergence

SUMMARYField experiments were carried out in which three different sowing techniques: sowing by hand, with a conventional seed drill and with a precision drill, were used to plant an indeterminate and a determinate cultivar of Vicia faba at two sowing dates and at three population densities in 1989 and 1990 in Southern Germany.Delayed sowing reduced field emergence rates in both years. Hand sowing produced the poorest stands in some instances due to an insufficient sowing depth being achieved. Only at late sowing dates did precision drilling give greater field emergence rates than conventional drilling. During the early stages of growth, hand and precision sowing resulted in crops with the greatest light interception and dry matter production. However, these differences between sowing techniques decreased later on. Lodging was most severe in conventionally drilled crops, particularly at high population density. Thus, when lodging occurred, dry matter and grain yields decreased with increasing plant density in conventional sowings, although they tended to increase in hand-sown and precision-drilled crops. Overall, apart from this interaction, there was no significant effect of sowing technique on grain yield. Grain yields and dry matter production were generally higher in the indeterminate cultivar Herz Freya than in the determinate cultivar Ticol, but there were no differential effects of sowing technique.

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DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF LONGAN GROWN ON AN ACID ULTISOL

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479712001299 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 225-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

RICARDO GOENAGA

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Field Study ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Production Plant ◽

Acidic Soils ◽

Leaf Petiole ◽

Matter Production

SUMMARYLittle is known about the adaptability of longan (Dimocarpus longan) to acidic soils high in aluminum (Al). A two-year field study was conducted to determine the effects of various levels of soil Al on dry matter production, plant growth and nutrient content in shoots of four cultivars of longan. Soil Al and cultivars were statistically different for all variables measured in the study. Total leaf, petiole, stem and root dry weights significantly decreased at soil Al concentrations ranging from 5.1 to 12.1 cmol kg−1 but this reduction was of a smaller magnitude in roots than in other organs. Increments in soil Al resulted in a significant reduction in the concentration of leaf Ca and a significant increase in leaf Al in all cultivars. Shoot content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Al declined with increase in soil Al. The result of this study demonstrates that longan is highly susceptible to acid soils.

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Impact of ammonium nitrate and Microbion UNC bacterial fertilizer on dry matter accumulation of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

Acta Agraria Debreceniensis ◽

10.34101/actaagrar/38/2757 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Andrea Balla Kovács ◽

Anita Jakab

Keyword(s):

Lolium Perenne ◽

Sandy Soil ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Chernozem Soil ◽

Lolium Perenne L ◽

Matter Production ◽

Significant Difference

Pot experiment was performed to investigate the effects of increasing NH4NO3 doses with or without Microbion UNC bacterial fertilizerapplication on dry matter production of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Experiment was set up on calcareous chernozem soil of Debrecen-Látókép and on humus sandy soil of Őrbottyán. The bi-factorial trials were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Grass was cut three times. Dry matter production was determined and the sum of biomass of cuts was calculated as cumulated dry weights. Analysis of variance was carried out on the data in order to provide a statistical comparison between the treatment means. The least significant difference (LSD5%) test was used to detect differences between means. On the basis of our results it can be concluded, that the dry weights of ryegrass cultivated on chernozem soil were higher than on sandy soil. With increasing nitrogen supply the dry matter production of grass significantly increased in both types of soils. In case of sandy soil the increasing effect was more expressed, but dry weights of this soil never reached the appropriate values of chernozem soil. Application of Microbion UNC had positive effect on dry matter production of ryegrass grown on both two types of soils but the effect was more expressed on chernozem soil. Finally it can be concluded that the increasing effect of NH4NO3 on biomass weights was more expressed in both types of soils, the biofertilizer application also increased the dry weights of plant in a small degree.

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BUFFALO FECES GRANTING AND URINE OF SLUDGE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF GRASS ELEPHANT MINI ( PENNISETUM PURPUREUM SCHAMACH )

Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara ◽

10.30997/jpnu.v3i2.931 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Evi Reka Banjarnahor ◽

Nevy Diana Hanafi ◽

Ma'ruf Tafsin ◽

Achmad Sadeli

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Dry Matter Production ◽

Production Plant ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Nutritional Content ◽

Real Effect ◽

Matter Production

Community farms mostly only use the main products of the farm alone, did not see many more opportunities of byproducts such as feces and urine of livestock. Byproducts can be used for very useful organic fertilizers from crops especially forage for animal feed such as mini elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum schamach) which is able to grow in various types of soil and is a grass of high nutritional value of fiber favored by livestock. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects from the provision of feces and urine buffalo mud and cutting intervals on the production and nutritional content of Pennisetum purpureum schamach. This research has been conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatra Utara from July to October 2015. This study used Split Plot Design, consisting of cutting interval (4 weeks and 6 weeks) as main plot and type of fertilizer (control / no fertilizer application, mud buffalo feces, buffalo feces + non fermented urine buffalo and feces from buffalo mud + urine fermentation) as subplot. The observed variables were plant height, fresh production, dried production, number of tillers, crude protein and crude fiber from Pennisetum purpureum schamach forage. Cutting intervals have a significant effect on improving nutritional content such as crude protein and crude fiber of mini elephant grass. The interaction of the results showed that the provision of impurities from mud buffalo (feces and urine) gave a real effect to increase fresh production, dry matter production, plant height and number of mini elephant grass. The interaction of the results showed that the provision of impurities from mud buffalo (feces and urine) gave a real effect to increase fresh production, dry matter production, plant height and number of tillers mini elephant grass.. Provision of mud buffalo dung (feces and urine) showed a real interaction with fresh production, dry matter production, plant height, number of tillers, crude protein and crude fiber.Keywords:Pennisetum purpureum Schamach, feces, urine, and and forage productivity

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