State Terrorism, Clandestine Language: Notes on the Argentine Military Dictatorship

PMLA ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 1794-1799
Author(s):  
Mirta Alejandra Antonelli
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Traumatic Memory ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
Successive State ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Governmental Intervention ◽  
Historical Truth

Today the argentine judiciary dispenses ritual punishment as it condemns the oppressors of the last military dictatorship (1976–83) in the name of historical truth. Human rights organizations and movements have contributed immeasurably to this end. More than two decades have passed since the historic military-juntas trial (1985), and over the years successive state policies have proved that traumatic memory is a contested site, subject in this postdictatorial democracy to both debate and governmental intervention.

Collective Memory and the Language of Human Rights

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
Political Events ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Political Spectrum

The democratization that followed the last military dictatorship in Argentina (1976–1983) has been influenced by human rights organizations’ relentless work to bring about truth and justice regarding the consequences of state terrorism and to keep the memory of that period alive. These efforts frame the discursive context in which human rights violations, including torture, are interpreted in contemporary Argentina. Argentine interviewees from across the political spectrum condemn torture, but the language and frames they use and the narratives surrounding political events vary. These accounts expose the conflicted terrain of memory making and the ambivalences and contradictions that permeate the construction of a torture-rejecting culture. La democratización que vino después de la última dictadura militar en la Argentina (1976–1983) ha sido influenciada por el trabajo incesante de las organizaciones de derechos humanos para lograr que se establezca la verdad y se haga justicia sobre las consecuencias del terrorismo de estado y para mantener la memoria sobre ese periodo viva. Estos esfuerzos enmarcan el contexto discursivo a través del cual las violaciones de los derechos humanos, entre ellas la tortura, son interpretadas en la Argentina contemporánea. Las personas entrevistadas en Argentina, quienes atraviesan el espectro político, condenan la tortura. Sin embargo, el lenguaje y los esquemas que usan y las narrativas sobre los acontecimientos políticos varían. Estos relatos exponen el terreno conflictivo de la construcción de la memoria y las ambivalencias y contradicciones que permean la construcción de una cultura de rechazo hacia la tortura.

scholarly journals Deconstructing Indian Media Strategy to Demonize Kashmir Movement

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-57
Author(s):  
Sheikh Gh. Waleed Rasool ◽  
◽  
Saadia Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Media Ethics ◽  
Real Situation ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
Media Hype ◽  
Resistance Movement

The study critically examines Indian approach to use media as a key tool to demonize mass resistance movement in Jammu and Kashmir. Referring to different phases of the movement in Kashmir – 1947, 1965, 1971, 1987, 2000 and 2010 – it argues that India has employed media as a tool to portray Kashmir movement as an instigated one and those who run and support it are mere miscreants and violence mongers. While dubbing the uprising in Kashmir as terrorism, Indian media went overboard to justify massive killings and violations of human rights by the armed forces under the guise of different laws and, to a great extent, succeeded in hoodwinking the attention of international community and human rights organizations from the real situation on the ground. The findings of this study captured six frames of self-determination movement in electical dialecticism theoretical prism. The study sets the course of the line for investigators to study media effects. Keywords: Media in occupation, Peace and state terrorism, Elite media, Media ethics, Dispute, Resolution, Media hype, Democracy, Plebiscite.

Antitrans State Terrorism

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-209
Author(s):  
Hillary Hiner ◽  
Juan Carlos Garrido ◽  
Brigette Walters
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Truth Commissions ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
The Subject

Abstract This article analyzes the ways in which trans and travesti women experienced state terrorism during the Chilean military dictatorship (1973–90), a subject that has received little attention in memory and recent history studies in Chile. In particular, the authors propose that the use of the concept of human rights by truth commissions, as well as its inclusion in public policies, has largely excluded trans and travesti women. This text therefore introduces the concept of antitrans state terrorism and, given the limited studies that exist on the subject, encourages more historiographic research of state terrorism and trans and travesti women in Chile.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Institutional Culture ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Dirty War ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
State Terrorism ◽  
The Cold War

Argentina’s experience with state terrorism during the 1976—83 military dictatorship is commonly referred to as the period of the ‘dirty war.’ The term dirty war remains controversial in Argentina and is currently rejected by all human rights groups in the country, its use seen as a defense for the military’s crimes and brutal methods. The book employs the term in order to analyze the military’s understanding of war and to explore the military’s institutional culture, beyond the Cold War influences, specifically in the case of Córdoba, Argentina’s second largest city and the site of some of the worst repression and greatest human rights abuses.

scholarly journals O Desencontro entre Direito à Informação e Direito à Verdade: Análise das Práticas da Controladoria-Geral da União / The Mismatch Between the Right to Information and the Right to Truth: An Analysis of the Practices of the Office of the Comptroller General of the Union

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Camargo Cunha Filho
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Right To Information ◽  
Historical Truth ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Military ◽  
Two Sides

Resumo: Os direitos à informação e à verdade foram introduzidos conjuntamente na ordem jurídica brasileira, como duas faces da mesma moeda. Ambos foram pensados como instrumentos tardios da justiça de transição, ou seja, como elementos de uma reforma institucional que visava à busca da verdade como forma de reparação às graves violações de direitos fundamentais ocorridas durante o período ditatorial.  No entanto, a atuação dos principais órgãos responsáveis pela efetivação da Lei de Acesso à Informação no Poder Executivo Federal – a Controladoria-Geral da União (CGU) e a Comissão Mista de Reavaliação de Informações (CMRI) – têm tornado inócua esta importante função da Lei, indo de encontro a teses jurídicas consolidadas na Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (CIDH) e na Organização de Estados Americanos (OEA). Palavras-chave: Direito à Informação; Direito à Verdade; Justiça de Transição; Controladoria-Geral da UniãoAbstract: The right to information and the right to truth were conceived in the Brazilian judicial system at the same time, as two sides of the same coin. Both were idealized as late instruments of the Transitional Justice, or, in other words, as part of an institutional reform that aimed at searching historical truth as a mechanism of reparation for violations of human rights occurred during the military dictatorship. Nevertheless, the performance of the main public entities responsible for enforcing the Brazilian Freedom of Information Act – the Office of the Comptroller General and the Commission on Reevaluation of Information – have emptied this important role of the Act, in antagonism with the orientations provided by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the Organization of American States.Keywords: Right to Information; Right to Truth; Transitional Justice; Office of the Comptroller General

Os crimes contra os direitos humanos praticados na ditadura militar brasileira: Justiça de transição e persecução penal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos José Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Criminal Prosecution ◽  
Military Dictatorship ◽  
Criminal Offenders ◽  
State Agents ◽  
Democratic Rule

This book aims to analyze the crimes against human rights that offended the Democratic Rule of Law in Brazil, committed by state agents in the Brazilian military dictatorship (1964/1985), asserting that they remained unpunished. In view of this, to address this issue, it is proposed that criminal offenders be held liable. The issue of our slow Transitional Justice will also be examined, arguing for the criminal prosecution of state agents who violated human rights in Brazil, demonstrating how and how this can occur, all in order to move away from impunity, hitherto guaranteed by the Brazilian Amnesty Law, ensuring the effectiveness of justice and the strengthening of democracy.

The role of human rights organizations in empowering Iraqi women

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 514-543
Author(s):  
HIBA KAREEM ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Iraqi Women ◽  
Political Dimensions

The issue of empowering women has been and still is the preoccupation of various humanitarian organizations, especially human rights organizations. Regarding the issue of human rights in Iraq, it is extremely difficult, because of the exceptional circumstances ordered by Iraq, which made it an arena for human rights violations. Vulnerable groups, they are more affected by the surrounding circumstances, such as violence, displacement, terrorism, displacement, widowhood, and others ... especially with regard to measures to empower women, because what women suffer in our society is a heap of discriminatory traditional culture against them and their lack of awareness of themselves and Their legitimate rights, in addition to weak government policies, and the lack of resources and opportunities, and herein lies the problem. The importance of the research stems from the importance of the role of women in society and the social, economic, health and political dimensions that this role represents, and the extent of its impact on the development process in Iraq. As for its objectives, it is to stand on the role of human rights organizations in empowering women in all social, economic, political and health fields, from which we have deduced most of them marginalization and discrimination on the basis of gender, and then we proposed some enabling measures, hoping through them to integrate women in all levels of development . Key words : role, organizations, human rights, empowerment, women .

Protecting Basic Legal Freedoms: International Legal Complexes, Accountability Devices, and the Deviant Case of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence C. Halliday ◽  
Shira Zilberstein ◽  
Wendy Espeland
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Political Liberalism ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
Deviant Case ◽  
Collective Actor

With a focus on legal and other organizational actors beyond the state, this article seeks to expand the theory of conditions under which legal occupations will mobilize to fight for basic legal freedoms within states. It elaborates the line of scholarship on legal complexes and political liberalism within states since the 17th century. First, we catalog harms that international organizations (IOs) of many kinds seek to protect in the more than 190 states in the world. Second, we elaborate the concept of an international legal complex (ILC) as a collective actor in the global struggle for basic legal freedoms. We illustrate these two steps with new data on China drawn from a wider project. We show what harms mobilize the ILC, international human rights organizations (IHROs) and an international governmental organization, the UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC). We focus on accountability devices as tools differentially deployed by the ILC, IOs, and UNHRC in their efforts to influence the institutionalization of basic legal freedoms, an open civil society, and a moderate state in China. The illustrative case of China provides a framework for research and theory on all other countries. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Law and Social Science, Volume 17 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

The role of international human rights organisations in the context of the conflict in Eastern Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Nina I. Karpachova
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
High Commissioner ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
International Human

The task of this paper is to study the role of international human rights organizations in response to the conflict taking place in eastern Ukraine. The study is based on recent reports from the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights and the OSCE on Ukraine. The relevance of the stated topic is determined by the situation with human rights violations in the armed conflict in Ukraine and the significant role of international human rights organizations, making active efforts to resolve it. The purpose of this study is to determine the main aspects of the role that international organizations play in resolving this range of issues. This will help to identify potential opportunities to tackle the problem with human rights violations in the Ukrainian territories. The study combines quantitative and qualitative research of the entire spectrum of issues brought into the subject. The main results obtained are: analysis of the role and place of international human rights organizations in assessing the situation with the conflict in the Ukrainian territories and obtaining statistical information on the current status of human rights violations in these territories. The value of this paper lies in obtaining practical recommendations for finding ways to peacefully resolve the conflict in the East of Ukraine and implementing comprehensive measures to create conditions for the protection of human rights in this region

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