Implications for the study of fossil Asteroidea (Echinodermata) of new genera and species from the Eocene of Florida

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel B. Blake ◽  
Roger W. Portell
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Marine Communities ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ocala Limestone

Oyenaster oblidus, Ocalaster timucum, and Ocalaster seloyi are new genera and species of the family Goniasteridae (Asteroidea) described from the Eocene Ocala Limestone of Florida. Although the fossil record of asteroids is sketchy, goniasterids appear to have been important contributors to marine communities since at least the Middle Jurassic. Similarities between living goniasterids and their fossil precursors indicate that plesiomorphy and convergence have been important in family history, and as a result, taxonomic interpretation is challenging. Even partial fossil goniasterids are rare, forcing systematists to rely heavily on isolated marginal ossicles, although some authors have expressed the need for caution. Building around three new taxa, we suggest that broader approaches can aid systematic interpretation of all crown-group asteroids. We also suggest that the inevitably idiosyncratic interpretations of marginal-based systematics can be partially tested using blind evaluations.

The first discovery of fossil rhopalids (Heteroptera: Coreoidea) from Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1269 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUNZHI YAO ◽  
WANZHI CAI ◽  
DONG REN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Jiulongshan Formation

Two new genera and two new species of fossil rhopalid, Miracorizus punctatus gen. & sp. nov. and Longiclavula calvata gen. & sp. nov., are described and illustrated. They were collected from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Inner Mongolia, China. This is the earliest fossil record of the family Rhopalidae in the world.

scholarly journals Diversity of the Crinocheta (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Early Miocene Chiapas amber, Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Broly ◽  
María De Lourdes Serrano-Sánchez ◽  
Francisco J. Vega
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Terrestrial Isopods ◽  
Water Influence ◽  
The Family

Currently, the Onisicdea (terrestrial isopods) is a massive Crustacea suborder of more than 3 700 species, but our knowledge of their paleodiversity is poor. In this paper, we present ten fossils of Crinocheta, the largest clade within the Onisicdea, discovered in Early Miocene (23 Ma) amber of Chiapas. We described three new genera and six new species including Palaeolibrinus spinicornis gen. nov. sp. nov., Armadilloniscus miocaenicus sp. nov., Archeostenoniscus robustus gen. nov. sp. nov., Archeostenoniscus mexicanus sp. nov., Palaeospherarmadillo mazanticus gen. nov. sp. nov., and Palaeospherarmadillo rotundus sp. nov. This study represents the first fossil record of the family Detonidae, Olibrinidae, and “Stenoniscidae”. From a paleoenvironmental reconstruction perspective, the oniscidean fauna presented here supports a particularly wet paleoenvironment, under brackish water influence, similar to an estuary.

New Triassic Aviculopectinoidea (Bivalvia), with notes on the taxonomic concept of the superfamily

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Michael Hautmann ◽  
Evelyn Friesenbichler ◽  
Eugen Grădinaru ◽  
Romain Jattiot ◽  
Hugo Bucher
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Taxonomic Rank ◽  
The Family ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Taxonomic Concept ◽  
New Tribe

Abstract We describe two new genera of Triassic Aviculopectinoidea: Cristaflabellum n. gen., which is biconvex and has a strongly plicate shell, and Globodiscus n. gen., which is equiconvex and externally smooth or nearly so. Globodiscus contains the new species G. kiliani n. gen. n. sp. and G. vinzenti n. gen. n. sp. In order to make the taxonomic concept of the superfamily Aviculopectinoidea more consistent with that of its sister group Pectinoidea (scallops), we use tribes rather than families or subfamilies for accommodating the new taxa. Cristaflabellum is placed in the tribe Antijanirini (previously family Antijaniridae), whereas Globodiscus is made the type genus of the new tribe Globodiscini. Both tribes are placed within the family Aviculopectinidae, which is revised to include both equiconvex and inequiconvex taxa. We suggest that tribes are a more appropriate taxonomic rank for many of the previously erected species-poor families and subfamilies of Aviculopectinoidea. UUID: http://zoobank.org/d143663a-9016-459f-8e24-660102adcf6a

scholarly journals Climbing since the early Miocene: The fossil record of Paullinieae (Sapindaceae)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0248369
Author(s):  
Nathan A. Jud ◽  
Sarah E. Allen ◽  
Chris W. Nelson ◽  
Carolina L. Bastos ◽  
Joyce G. Chery
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Panama Canal ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Fossil Leaves ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cambial Variant ◽  
The Tropics

Paullinieae are a diverse group of tropical and subtropical climbing plants that belong to the soapberry family (Sapindaceae). The six genera in this tribe make up approximately one-quarter of the species in the family, but a sparse fossil record limits our understanding of their diversification. Here, we provide the first description of anatomically preserved fossils of Paullinieae and we re-evaluate other macrofossils that have been attributed to the tribe. We identified permineralized fossil roots in collections from the lower Miocene Cucaracha Formation where it was exposed along the Culebra Cut of the Panama Canal. We prepared the fossils using the cellulose acetate peel technique and compared the anatomy with that of extant Paullinieae. The fossil roots preserve a combination of characters found only in Paullinieae, including peripheral secondary vascular strands, vessel dimorphism, alternate intervessel pitting with coalescent apertures, heterocellular rays, and axial parenchyma strands of 2–4 cells, often with prismatic crystals. We also searched the paleontological literature for other occurrences of the tribe. We re-evaluated leaf fossils from western North America that have been assigned to extant genera in the tribe by comparing their morphology to herbarium specimens and cleared leaves. The fossil leaves that were assigned to Cardiospermum and Serjania from the Paleogene of western North America are likely Sapindaceae; however, they lack diagnostic characters necessary for inclusion in Paullinieae and should be excluded from those genera. Therefore, the fossils described here as Ampelorhiza heteroxylon gen. et sp. nov. are the oldest macrofossil evidence of Paullinieae. They provide direct evidence of the development of a vascular cambial variant associated with the climbing habit in Sapindaceae and provide strong evidence of the diversification of crown-group Paullinieae in the tropics by 18.5–19 million years ago.

scholarly journals Contribution to the knowledge of the family Nemonychidae (Coleoptera) with descriptions of new taxa

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Legalov
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
Dorsal View ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Palaearctic Species ◽  
New Genera ◽  
The Family

<p>Two new tribes, the Zimmiellini Legalov, trib. n. (type genus: <em>Zimmiellus</em> Kuschel, 2011), which differs from the tribe Rhinorhynchini by the mandible exodontous, maxillary palpi barely extending forward beyond the prementum and position of rostrum base, and the Argentinomacerini Legalov, trib. n. (type genus: <em>Argentinomacer</em> Legalov, gen. n.) that differs from the tribe Rhynchitomacerini by having the pronotum narrowed before the basal fourth, antennae inserted subbasally and club 4-articled. Also erected is a new subtribe Bunyaeina Legalov, subtrib. n. (type genus: <em>Bunyaeus</em> Kuschel, 1994) that differs from the subtribe Mecomacerina by procoxae hemispherical, mesonotum with one coarsely ridged stridulatory file and forehead distinctly wider than apex of rostrum. Two new genera, <em>Nothofagomacer</em> Legalov, gen. n. (type species: <em>Rhynchitomacer</em> <em>apionoides</em> Kuschel, 1959) that differs from the genus <em>Rhynchitomacer</em> by the mandibular sockets not being visible in dorsal view, elytral striae regular, postmentum deeply emarginate and vaginal vestiture absent; and <em>Argentinomacer unicus</em> Legalov, gen. et sp. n. from Argentina, are described. A key to subfamilies, tribes, subtribes, genera and subgenera of Recent Nemonychidae with a list of species is provided. The distribution of some Palaearctic species is specified.</p>

Review of the fossil record of Bolitophilidae, with description of new taxa and discussion of position of Mangas Kovalev (Diptera: Sciaroidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4567 (3) ◽  
pp. 546 ◽  
Author(s):  
DALE E. GREENWALT ◽  
VLADIMIR A. BLAGODEROV
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Extant Genus ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species

The dipteran family Bolitophilidae, with the single extant genus Bolitophila, is a small family of mycophagous flies. In marked contrast to related families such as Sciaridae and Mycetophilidae, the family has a poor fossil record with no definite species assigned to the genus. In addition, the position of the extinct Cretaceous subfamily Mangasinae Kovalev, 1986 (described in Bolitophillidae) has been controversial and it has been suggested that species in this clade may belong to other sciaroid families. This situation is made worse by misplacement of the type specimen. We herein describe two new species of Bolitophila, Bolitophila warreni sp. nov. from the 46-million-year-old Kishenehn Formation in Montana, USA and Bolitophila rohdendorfi sp. nov. from Baltic amber. Bolitophila pulveris Lewis, 1969 is reassigned to Sciaroidea incertae sedis. The subfamily Mangasinae is reviewed and its position within the Bolitophilidae confirmed. Two new species of Mangas, M. kovalevi sp. nov. and M. brevisubcosta sp. nov., both from the Lower Cretaceous of Khasurty in Western Transbaikalia, are described. 

A revision of the family Typhlotanaidae Sieg 1984 (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) with the remarks on the Nototanaidae Sieg, 1976

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1598 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAGDALENA BŁAŻEWICZ-PASZKOWYCZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Antarctic Waters ◽  
The Family ◽  
Definition Of

Recent tanaidacean material collected from Antarctic waters, primarily during the ANDEEP expeditions of 2002 and 2005, includes a number of new taxa attributable to the families Nototanaidae and Typhlotanaidae sensu Sieg. Analysis of this material has exposed a problem with the recent contention of the two families, and has revealed consistent morphological trends which support the distinction of these two families. In the present paper, examination of both museum specimens and newly-collected material, has allowed a re-analysis based on a series of detailed morphological observations, resulting in a new definition of the families Typhlotanaidae Sieg, 1984 with the establishment of five new genera (Hamatipeda n. gen., Larsenotanais n. gen., Pulcherella n. gen., Torquella n. gen., Typhlamia n. gen.), a the description of thirteen new species, the redescription of fifteen species, and the construction of keys for the determination of typhlotanaid genera and of the species of three newly-erected genera.

Two unusual new genera of cavernicolous Hydrometridae (Insecta: Heteroptera) from eastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan A. Polhemus ◽  
Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
New Taxa ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Antennal Segment ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
The Family ◽  
Minas Gerais State

Two new genera of cavernicolous Hydrometridae are described from limestone caves in northeastern Brazil: Spelaeometra n. gen., with type species S. gruta n. sp., from the Lapa D’Água do Zezé, Lapa do Nestor, Lapa do Saco Velho, and Lapa do Caboclo caves in Minas Gerais state; and Cephalometra n. gen., with type species C. pallida n. sp., from the Natividade cave in Tocantins state. Both new taxa are flightless, possess reduced eyes, and exhibit other reductional character states linked to life in underground ecosystems. The new taxa are interpreted to be highly aberrant members of the family Hydrometridae, based on the possession of eyes set well forward on the head capsule, the posterior pair of cephalic trichobothria arising from distinct tubercles, the presence of an apical invagination on the fourth antennal segment, and the structure of the male parameres. They are provisionally placed in the subfamily Hydrometrinae based on the apical articulation between the first and second antennal segments. On the basis of a preponderance of shared apomorphic character states these new genera appear most closely allied to Veliometra schuhi Andersen, which is also endemic to Brazil, although currently placed in a different subfamily. Color habitus photographs and line drawings of key characters are provided for both new taxa, accompanied by maps and photographs of the caves in which the species occur.

Rare myodocopid ostracods from Mesozoic sections of Hungary: summary, revision and description of new taxa

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4374 (3) ◽  
pp. 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMŐKE TÓTH ◽  
TÜNDE CSÉFÁN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Family ◽  
Valve Structure ◽  
Phylogenetic Model ◽  
New Occurrences

With the exception of polycopids, Mesozoic myodocopid ostracods are regarded as uncommon in the fossil record. They are known from a few localities in the Tethys, and most of them are considered to be pelagic forms. However, a relatively rich and taxonomically diverse material is derived from Hungarian sections; these represent various formations deposited during the Triassic to Cretaceous.The aim of this study is to summarize the current knowledge of Mesozoic myodocopids and to provide new information concerning their classification and phylogenetic relations. This includes new occurrences of Triassic entomozoid Schallreuterizoe groosae Kozur, 2004, cylindroleberidid Triadocypris sp., cypridinid Palaeocypridina tulceaensis Sebe, 2013, Jurassic thaumatocyprid Pokornyopsis cf. bettenstaedti (Bartenstein, 1949) and P. feifeli (Triebel, 1941). The revision of the holotype of gigantic Triassic Triadogigantocypris balatonica Monostori, 1991 give new results concerning the valve structure and taxonomic position of the genus. Two new genera (Neorichterina n. gen. and Hungaroleberis n. gen.) and four new species (Neorichterina striata n. sp., Pokornyopsis csurgokutensis n. sp., Hungaroleberis retiferus n. sp. and Palaeocypridina goeroegae n. sp.) of the subclass Myodocopa are described. Moreover, most of the Albian to Cenomanian representatives of “Conchoecia” are newly classified as Entomozoidae (Neorichterina n. gen.), which allows to extend the range of the family up to the Cretaceous. A summary of the relevant assemblages present in Hungary will help to complement the existing, previously published literature on myodocopids, and also clarify details about the phylogenetic model of the group. 

Fossil Tingoidea (Heteroptera: Cimicomorpha) from French Cretaceous amber, including Tingidae and a new family, Ebboidae

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1203 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
VINCENT PERRICHOT ◽  
ANDRÉ Nel ◽  
ÉRIC GUILBERT ◽  
DIDIER NÉRAUDEAU
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lace Bugs

Two new genera and species of fossil lace bugs are reported from Albian and Cenomanian amber of France as Ambarcader eugenei and Ebboa areolata, these being the earliest fossil record of the family Tingidae and the type species of the new family Ebboidae, respectively. Ambarcader gen. nov. belongs to the tribe Phatnomatini within the subfamily Cantacaderinae. Ebboa gen. nov. differs from all the Recent and fossil taxa hitherto described in Tingoidea, suggesting an important past diversity and an earlier Mesozoic origin of this clade.

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