SERIAL ESTIMATION OF PLASMA RENIN CONCENTRATION DURING PREGNANCY AND AFTER PARTURITION

1966 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. BROWN ◽  
D. L. DAVIES ◽  
P. B. DOAK ◽  
A. F. LEVER ◽  
J. I. S. ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Made In

SUMMARY Plasma renin concentration has been measured in normal women at intervals throughout pregnancy. Further measurements have been made in the days and hours before and after delivery of the foetus and placenta. Plasma renin was consistently raised in the majority of pregnant women and did not change markedly until 24 hr. or more after delivery. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Active renin and renin glycoform dynamics in the carotid artery

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. H184-H191
Author(s):  
S. A. Katz ◽  
J. A. Opsahl ◽  
L. M. Forbis ◽  
W. Ayenew
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Bilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Carotid Wall ◽  
Renal Origin

Active renin and five major active renin glycoforms were measured in plasma and the carotid wall of anesthetized rabbits before and after 1.5- and 24-h bilateral nephrectomy (BNX). Before BNX, there was no difference in renin glycoform proportions between plasma and the carotid wall. Plasma renin concentration (PRC) fell by 67% after 1.5-h BNX due to preferential clearance of renin glycoforms I+II, but no significant change in renin concentration was seen in the carotid artery (or aorta). Twenty-four hours after BNX, PRC and carotid wall renin concentrations were reduced by 99.7 and 97.7%, respectively, while the proportion of renin glycoforms I+II in the carotid wall was significantly elevated. These data are consistent with the view that vascular renin is derived from plasma renin of renal origin. After BNX, renin disappearance from the carotid (and aortic wall) is slower than renin decay from plasma, and the less negatively charged active renin glycoforms I+II exit the carotid wall much more slowly than the more negatively charged glycoforms. After 24-h BNX, renin glycoforms I+II were still effluxing from the vascular wall and represented the only glycoforms present in the carotid wall.

Stimulation of Active Renin Release in Normal and Hypertensive Pregnancy

1990 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Brown ◽  
Vivienne C. Zammit ◽  
Delma Adsett
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Active Plasma ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Renin Substrate ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Active Renin ◽  
Induced Hypertension

1. Active plasma renin concentration but not total renin concentration is reduced in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension compared with normotensive pregnant women. This study was conducted to determine whether women with pregnancy-induced hypertension are able to stimulate release of active renin. 2. Active plasma renin concentration was measured as the generation of angiotensin I at physiological pH in the presence of excess renin substrate, and total renin concentration was determined in the same way after trypsin activation. Inactive plasma renin concentration was calculated as the difference between total renin and active plasma renin concentrations. 3. Resting active plasma renin concentration was significantly greater in third-trimester primigravidae compared with normotensive non-pregnant women and active plasma renin and total renin concentrations rose significantly without a fall in inactive plasma renin concentration in both groups after 2 h ambulation, suggesting increased release of active plasma renin and not conversion of circulating inactive to active renin. These responses were blunted in women taking oral contraceptives. 4. Although the active plasma renin concentration was significantly reduced in third-trimester primigravidae with pregnancy-induced hypertension, total renin concentration was not significantly different compared with normotensive women of similar gestation and in both groups 30 min 60° head-up tilt increased active but not inactive plasma renin concentration. 5. These studies show that in normal pregnancy active plasma renin concentration can be stimulated to a similar extent as in non-pregnant women, despite a higher resting level. This appears to be due to increased secretion of active plasma renin rather than conversion of circulating inactive to active renin. Women with pregnancy-induced hypertension are also still able to stimulate secretion of active renin despite resting concentrations similar to those of non-pregnant women. These data suggest that in pregnancy-induced hypertension basal secretion of active renin is prematurely reset to that in the non-pregnant state but that secretion of active renin responds normally to posture.

Plasma Renin Activity in Normal Human Pregnancy and in Pregnancy-Associated Hypertension, with Reference to Cryoactivation

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. M. Gallery ◽  
G. S. Stokes ◽  
A. Z. Györy ◽  
J. Rowe ◽  
J. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In Pregnancy

1. Because hypertension is the central feature of pre-eclampsia, and because plasma renin activity is known to be elevated in normal pregnancy (with conflicting results published for pre-eclampsia), a prospective study of plasma renin activity was conducted in pregnancy, under conditions of a fixed sodium intake, in 178 initially normotensive volunteer subjects. Thirty of these women developed pregnancy-associated hypertension (pre-eclampsia) in the third trimester. 2. There was a significant elevation of plasma renin activity from the published values for non-pregnant women, throughout gestation in normotensive women. There was no significant difference, at any stage of gestation, between the values for normal women and those who developed pregnancy-associated hypertension. 3. The extent of cryoactivation of renin, produced by usual collection procedures, was investigated in a subgroup of the total population. It was highly significant and quite variable, but was similar in those who developed pregnancy-associated hypertension and in normal pregnant women. The mean increase in plasma renin concentration in maximally cryoactivated samples was 16-fold. 4. Neither measurement of peripheral plasma renin activity nor of cryoactivatable plasma renin concentration is of value in distinguishing between normal pregnant women and those destined for, or with pregnancy-associated, hypertension.

scholarly journals Determination of Plasma Renin Concentration by Angiotensin I Immunoassay

1971 ◽  
Vol 28 (5_suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
JAN R. STOCKIGT ◽  
R. DENNIS COLLINS ◽  
EDWARD G. BIGLIERI
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Angiotensin I ◽  
Renin Substrate ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Postural Responses ◽  
Bilateral Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Aldosterone Producing Adenoma ◽  
Desoxycorticosterone Acetate ◽  
Made In

Radioimmunoassay of angiotensin I was applied to the estimation of renin concentration after incubation of human plasma with an excess of renin substrate from plasma of anephric sheep. With this method markedly subnormal plasma renin levels were accurately measured. The technique was used in the study of 18 patients with proven aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA), 5 with hyperaldosteronism associated with bilateral adrenal hyperplasia, and 23 with essential hypertension. Plasma renin concentration (PRC) was extremely low in APA, and a significantly higher mean basal level of PRC was seen in hyperplastic aldosteronism ( P <0.01). Postural responses were seen in both groups, and PRC was least variable during recumbency. Comparison of basal recumbent PRC with urinary aldosterone after three days of desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) accentuated the distinction between APA and hyperplasia. It is suggested that the prediction of a distinct APA can best be made in patients with hyperaldosteronism when the exact extent of renin suppression is taken into account and when DOCA is used to assess suppressibility of aldosterone. While such evaluation may defer surgery in some patients with correctable hypertension, it may reduce the number with persistent hypertension after bilateral adrenalectomy.

Platelet Angiotensin II Binding and Plasma Renin Concentration, Plasma Renin Substrate and Plasma Angiotensin II in Human Pregnancy

1990 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip N. Baker ◽  
Fiona Broughton Pipkin ◽  
E. Malcolm Symonds
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Renin Substrate ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Plasma Angiotensin ◽  
In Pregnancy

1. The results are presented of a cross-sectional study of 25 non-pregnant and 125 pregnant/postnatal women in whom platelet angiotensin II binding and plasma angiotensin II, plasma renin concentration and plasma renin substrate were measured. 2. Platelet angiotensin II binding was significantly lower in the first-trimester patients as compared with the non-pregnant women (P < 0.001). Specific binding remained low in the second and third trimesters, and in those patients studied 24 h after delivery. However, higher values, approximating to the non-pregnant level, were found 6 weeks postnatally (n = 25 for each group). 3. Plasma angiotensin II, plasma renin concentration and plasma renin substrate increased in pregnancy, with the increase becoming statistically significant as compared with the non-pregnant women in the second trimester. Maximal median values of plasma angiotensin II and plasma renin substrate were found in the third trimester, but maximal median values of plasma renin concentration were found in the second trimester. The concentrations of all three hormones fell after delivery. 4. There was an inverse correlation between platelet angiotensin II binding and simultaneously measured endogenous levels of plasma angiotensin II (P < 0.02) and plasma renin substrate (P < 0.05) in the 25 non-pregnant subjects. These findings support the concept of the angiotensin II receptor concentration being regulated by the plasma angiotensin II level. There was no correlation between platelet angiotensin II binding and plasma renin concentration. 5. In pregnancy, no correlation between platelet angiotensin II binding and plasma angiotensin II, plasma renin concentration or plasma renin substrate was found. This suggests that any regulation by plasma angiotensin II may not operate in pregnancy, when reduced binding concentrations are present. No statistically significant correlation was found at either 24 h or 6 weeks after delivery.

Effect of Haemorrhage on Renin Concentration in Superficial and Deep Venous Outflows of the Cat Kidney

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 703-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Jones ◽  
J. Torretti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Renin Release ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Plasma Renin Concentration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Arterial Plasma ◽  
Cortical Venous Drainage

1. Plasma renin concentration is significantly higher in the subcapsular venous outflow, which drains the superficial cortex, than in the deep venous outflow, which drains the inner half of the cortex and medulla of the cat kidney. The purpose of these experiments was to observe whether this pattern is preserved or disrupted by a stimulus to renin release. 2. Plasma renin concentration in arterial samples and in the superficial and deep renal venous outflows was measured before and after haemorrhage which produced a 24 ± 6.7% drop in mean blood pressure in 13 cats. 3. After haemorrhage, total kidney plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) did not change significantly. There was a rise in arterial plasma renin concentration. Venous minus arterial plasma renin concentration increased significantly in the deep venous outflow, but not in the superficial outflow. 4. The results suggest that both superficial and deep cortical venous drainage of the cat kidney should be considered when measuring renal renin release. In addition, they suggest that there may be differences in the response of superficial and deep juxtaglomerular apparatuses to haemorrhage.

Decreased Levels of Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein (HRG) and Increased Levels of Free Plasminogen in Women on Oral Contraceptives Low in Estrogen

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (03) ◽  
pp. 283-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Jespersen ◽  
Cornelis Kluft
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
Made In

SummaryDeterminations by immunologic methods of histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) and plasminogen, were made in plasma samples collected during one normal or hormone induced cycle in 15 young, normal women and in 11 women using oral contraceptives with 30 μg ethinyl estradiol and 150 μg levo-norgestrel. The hormone group showed an increase in plasminogen level to about 150% of normal, while the concentration of HRG was decreased to about 75% of normal. This resulted in a considerable relative increase in the concentration of free plasminogen in the hormone group (calculated from the equilibrium: HRG·plasminogen ⇌ HRG + plasminogen, using KD = 1.0 μM), representing a doubling of that in the normal group. Hence, more plasminogen is available for binding to fibrin and activation in the hormone group.

1989 göçü sonrası Bulgaristan göçmenlerinin yemek kültüründeki değişim

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-245
Author(s):  
Cahit Kahraman ◽  
İlhan Güneş ◽  
Nanae Kahraman
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
Rapid Progress ◽  
Canned Food ◽  
Product Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Made In

1989 göçü öncesi, dünyada eşzamanlı olarak gittikçe gelişen ve zenginleşen mutfak kültürü, Bulgaristan Türklerini de etkilemiştir. Pazardaki çeşitlilik arttıkça, yemek alışkanlıkları da değişime uğramıştır. Büyük göçten sadece 30-40 sene evvel kısıtlı imkânlar ile sınırlı sayıda yemek çeşidi üretilirken, alım gücünün artmasıyla yemek kültüründe de hızlı gelişmeler olmuştur. Artan ürün çeşitliliği yemeklere de yansımış, farklı lezzetler mutfaklara girmiştir. Göçmen yemekleri denilince hamur işleri, börek ve pideler akla gelir. Ayrıca, göçmenlerin çok zengin turşu, komposto ve konserve kültürüne sahip oldukları da bilinir. Bu çalışma, 1989 öncesi Bulgaristan’ın farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan Türklerin yemek alışkanlıklarına ışık tutmakla birlikte, göç sonrasında göçmen mutfak kültüründe bir değişiklik oluşup oluşmadığını konu almaktadır. Bu amaçla, 1989 yılında Türkiye’ye göç etmiş 50 kişiye 8 sorudan oluşan anket düzenlenmiştir. Bu verilerden yola çıkarak oluşan bulgular derlenmiş ve yeni tespitler yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerine yerleşen göçmenler, kendi göçmen pazarlarını kurmuşlardır. Bulgaristan’dan getirilen ürünlerin bu pazarlarda satılması böyle bir arz talebin hala devam ettiğine işaret etmektedir.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHThe Diversity in Cuisine Culture of the Immigrants from Bulgaria After 1989 MigrationThe Cuisine culture that has been developing and getting rich day by day contemporaneously in the world before 1989 migration has also had an impact on Bulgarian Turks. By the increase in diversity in the market, eating habits have changed. While producing a limited number of food types with limited opportunities just some 30 or 40 years before the ‘Big Migration’, there has been a rapid progress in food culture by the help of the increase in purchase power. Enhancing product range has been reflected in food, and different tastes have entered the cuisines. When we say immigrant, the first things that come to our mind are pastry, flan and pitta bread. Moreover, it is also known that immigrants have a very rich cuisine culture of pickle, stewed fruit, and canned food. This study aims both to disclose the eating habits of Turks living in different regions of Bulgaria before 1989 and to determine whether there has been a difference in immigrant cuisine culture before and after the migration. For this purpose, a questionnaire consisting of 8 questions has been administered to 50 people who migrated to Turkey in 1989. The results gathered from these data have been compiled and new determinations have been made. In addition, immigrants that settled in different regions of Turkey have set their own immigrant markets. The fact that the products brought from Bulgaria are being sold in these markets shows that this kind of supply and demand still continues.

Clinical and microbiological aspects of vaginal microbiota at pregnant with threat of late miscarriages during treatment with vaginal gestagens forms

2017 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
I.P. Polishchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Late Miscarriage ◽  
Microbiological Aspects ◽  
Micronized Progesterone

The objective: was to examine the effectiveness of treatment of late miscarriage threat by micronized form of progesterone for 100 mg – 3 times a day in the form of gelatin pills and vaginal tablets with lactose. Patients and methods. Under our supervision there were 70 pregnant women with normocenosis of vagina (NCV) without extragenital pathology, which were not performed systemic or local treatment with antibacterial drugs in the last 4 weeks. Among them 25 pregnant women with TLSM treated by gelatin tablets of micronized progesterone (GTP) (group 1); 25 pregnant women with TLSM, treated by vaginal micronized progesterone tablets (VPT) (2nd group) and 20 healthy women with physiological pregnancy – PV (control group). The distribution of women in the group adhered to the principles of randomization. The age of examined women ranged from 19 to 32 years, most pregnant women were aged under 30 years (89.02%). General clinical examination was carried out according to the standard scheme according to the Order MH of Ukraine № 620. Results. During the research we have determined the colpocytologcal dynamics and state of vaginal microbiota in pregnant women with threatened late miscarriage with initial vaginal normocenosis before and after treatment whit vaginal forms of progesterone. Conclusion. The received results showed low efficiency of micronized progesterone gelatin dragee at threat of the late miscarriage that at small therapeutic effect has led to the development of vaginal dysbiosis in all surveyed. In contrast, the use of micronized progesterone vaginal tablets – the maximally rapid therapeutic effect without disturbance of vaginal normocenosis. Key words: the threat of a late miscarriage, vaginal micronized forms of progesterone.

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