scholarly journals Differential effects of retinoic acid on uncoupling protein-1 and leptin gene expression

1998 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
MV Kumar ◽  
PJ Scarpace
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 1 ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Cgp 12177

All-trans-retinoic acid (RA), one of the active metabolites of vitamin A, can increase the expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) gene. To determine whether RA stimulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis and modulates leptin gene expression in vivo, 6-month-old, vitamin-A sufficient, F344 x BN rats were administered a single dose of RA (7.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or the beta 3-adrenergic receptor (beta 3AR) specific agonist, CGP 12177 (0.75 mg/kg). Levels of UCP1 mRNA in BAT and leptin mRNA in perirenal white adipose tissue (WAT) were examined 5 h after treatment. mRNA levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were also examined in BAT and perirenal WAT. Administration of CGP 12177 caused the expected increase in UCP1 mRNA levels. RA treatment also significantly increased UCP1 mRNA levels but to a lesser extent than CGP 12177. In contrast, there was no acute effect of RA on whole body oxygen consumption, one measure of BAT thermogenesis. Both CGP 12177 and RA treatment decreased levels of leptin mRNA to a similar extent. RA treatment had no effect on mRNA levels of LPL in BAT or perirenal WAT. There were no changes in total DNA content, total protein content, or in the levels of beta-actin mRNA in either BAT or perirenal WAT upon administration of RA or CGP 12177. Thus, the acute effects of RA paralleled the effects of the beta 3AR specific agonist, CGP 12177, on UCP1 and leptin gene expression. This involvement of RA in positive regulation of UCP1 mRNA and negative regulation of leptin mRNA suggests a contrasting role for RA in energy homeostasis.

beta 3-Adrenergic-mediated suppression of leptin gene expression in rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. E1031-E1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Li ◽  
M. Matheny ◽  
P. J. Scarpace
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Cgp 12177 ◽  
Rat Strain

To investigate the role of beta 3-adrenergic receptors in the suppression of leptin gene expression, we fasted F-344 rats to decrease leptin mRNA levels, refed the rats to stimulate leptin mRNA production, and examined the ability of the beta 3-adrenergic agonist CGP-12177 to prevent the rise in leptin mRNA levels. In the initial 2 h after CGP-12177 (0.75 mg/kg), there were significant reductions in both food consumption and leptin mRNA levels in epididymal, perirenal, and interscapular white adipose tissue. We were unable to detect leptin mRNA in interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT), whereas there was a significant increase in uncoupling protein mRNA levels in IBAT after CGP-12177. The suppression of leptin mRNA and food intake by CGP-12177 was confirmed in a second experiment using another rat strain, the F-344 x BN. Furthermore, refeeding after a period of fasting increased leptin mRNA, which was prevented by CGP-12177. These data indicate a role for beta 3-adrenergic-mediated regulation of leptin gene expression in nonmutant rodents and are consistent with other reports suggesting that beta 3-adrenergic agonists suppress food intake.

Leptin induction of UCP1 gene expression is dependent on sympathetic innervation

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (2) ◽  
pp. E259-E264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Scarpace ◽  
Michael Matheny
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Lpl Gene ◽  
Cgp 12177

We previously demonstrated that leptin increases uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT) of rats. To determine whether the induction of these transcripts is dependent on sympathetic innervation of BAT, we unilaterally surgically denervated interscapular BAT in both pair-fed and leptin (0.9 mg/day by infusion)-treated rats. In pair-fed rats, the level of UCP1 mRNA in the denervated BAT pad was 30–47% less than in the innervated pad. In the intact BAT pad, leptin administration increased UCP1 mRNA levels by nearly 2.5-fold compared with pair-fed rats. In contrast, in the denervated BAT pad, there was no increase in UCP1 gene expression. When LPL mRNA was examined in pair-fed rats, there was no difference between innervated and denervated BAT pads. With leptin administration, LPL gene expression increased by 75% in both the innervated and denervated BAT pads. β3-Adrenergic receptor mRNA was unaffected by either denervation or leptin, whereas uncoupling protein 2 mRNA levels were increased in epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) but not in perirenal WAT. CGP-12177, a specific β3-adrenergic receptor agonist, induced nearly a fourfold increase in UCP1 and a twofold increase in LPL gene expression in both the innervated and denervated BAT pads. These data indicate that the leptin induction of UCP1 gene expression in BAT is dependent on sympathetic innervation but that the leptin induction of LPL gene expression is not.

scholarly journals Opposite effects of feeding a vitamin A-deficient diet and retinoic acid treatment on brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), UCP2 and leptin expression

2000 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Bonet ◽  
J Oliver ◽  
C Pico ◽  
F Felipe ◽  
J Ribot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 1 ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Brown Adipose

The relationship between interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) thermogenic potential and vitamin A status was investigated by studying the effects of feeding a vitamin A-deficient diet and all-trans retinoic acid (tRA) treatment on body weight and IBAT parameters in mice. Feeding a vitamin A-deficient diet tended to trigger opposite effects to those of tRA treatment, namely increased body weight, IBAT weight, adiposity and leptin mRNA expression, and reduced IBAT thermogenic potential in terms of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) mRNA and UCP2 mRNA expression. The results emphasize the importance of retinoids as physiological regulators of brown adipose tissue.

Opposite Effects of Voluntary Physical Exercise on β3-Adrenergic Receptors in the White and Brown Adipose Tissue

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (09) ◽  
pp. 608-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Balagova ◽  
Jan Graban ◽  
Agnesa Puhova ◽  
Daniela Jezova
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Tryptophan Depletion ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 1 ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Exercise Induced

AbstractCatecholamine effects via β3-adrenergic receptors are important for the metabolism of the adipose tissue. Physical exercise is a core component of antiobesity regimens. We have tested the hypothesis that voluntary wheel running results in enhancement of β3-adrenergic receptor gene expression in the white and brown adipose tissues. The secondary hypothesis is that dietary tryptophan depletion modifies metabolic effects of exercise. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned for sedentary and exercise groups with free access to running wheels for 3 weeks. All animals received normal control diet for 7 days. Both groups were fed either by low tryptophan (0.04%) diet or by control diet (0.2%) for next 2 weeks. The β3-adrenergic receptor mRNA levels in response to running increased in the retroperitoneal and epididymal fat pads. The gene expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) was increased in the brown, while unchanged in the white fat tissues. Unlike control animals, the rats fed by low tryptophan diet did not exhibit a reduction of the white adipose tissue mass. Tryptophan depletion resulted in enhanced concentrations of plasma aldosterone and corticosterone, but had no influence on exercise-induced adrenal hypertrophy. No changes in β3-adrenergic receptor and cell proliferation measured by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation in left heart ventricle were observed. The reduced β3-adrenergic receptor but not enhanced uncoupling protein-1 gene expression supports the hypothesis on hypoactive brown adipose tissue during exercise. Reduction in dietary tryptophan had no major influence on the exercise-induced changes in the metabolic parameters measured.

scholarly journals Postnatal selective suppression of lipoprotein lipase gene expression in brown adipose tissue (relative to the expression of the gene for the uncoupling protein) is not due to adrenergic insensitivity: a possible specific inhibitory effect of colostrum

1996 ◽  
Vol 314 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
María-Jesus OBREGÓN ◽  
Barbara CANNON ◽  
Jan NEDERGAARD
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Selective Suppression ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonist ◽  
Lpl Gene

The levels of mRNA coding for the uncoupling protein (UCP) and for lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were monitored in the brown adipose tissue of newborn rat pups. At 5 h after birth, the mRNA levels of UCP and LPL were high in pups exposed singly to 28 °C and low in pups kept singly at thermoneutrality (36 °C); in pups staying with the dam, the UCP mRNA levels were intermediate. However, the LPL mRNA levels were lower in pups staying with the dam than in pups at 36 °C, implying that factors additional to environmental temperature influenced LPL gene expression. Injection of noradrenaline into pups at thermoneutrality (36 °C) led to increases in UCP and LPL gene expression, but noradrenaline injections had no further effect in cold-exposed pups. The adrenergic effects were mediated via β-adrenergic receptors. The cold-induced increases in both UCP and LPL gene expression were abolished by the β-adrenergic antagonist propranolol. Thus differences in adrenergic responsiveness could not explain the differential expression of the UCP and LPL genes observed in pups staying with the dam. The presence of a physiological suppressor was examined by feeding single pups at 28 °C with different foods: nothing, water, Intralipid, cow's milk, rat milk and rat colostrum. None of these agents led to suppression of UCP gene expression, but colostrum led to a selective suppression of LPL gene expression. It was concluded that the genes for UCP and LPL were responsive to adrenergic stimuli immediately after birth, and it is suggested that a component of rat colostrum can selectively suppress LPL gene expression.

Photoperiodic regulation of gene expression in brown and white adipose tissue of Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus)

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (1) ◽  
pp. R114-R121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory E. Demas ◽  
Robert R. Bowers ◽  
Timothy J. Bartness ◽  
Thomas W. Gettys
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Ribonuclease Protection Assay ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 1 ◽  
Siberian Hamsters ◽  
Brown Adipose

Siberian hamsters exhibit seasonal fluctuations in white adipose tissue (WAT) mass, with peaks in long “summerlike” days (LDs) and nadirs in short “winterlike” days (SDs). These responses can be mimicked in the laboratory after transfer from LDs to SDs. The purpose of the present study was to test whether changes in WAT and brown adipose tissue (BAT) gene expression that are mediated by the sympathetic nervous system in other obesity models are also associated with seasonal adiposity changes in Siberian hamsters. SDs decreased WAT mass and leptin mRNA, increased WAT β3-adrenoceptor mRNA, and induced retroperitoneal WAT uncoupling protein-1 mRNA (the latter measured by RT-PCR, others measured by ribonuclease protection assay) while increasing BAT uncoupling protein-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1 mRNAs. These effects were not due to SD-induced gonadal regression and largely occurred before the usual SD-induced decreases in food intake. Thus the SD-induced decreased adiposity of Siberian hamsters may be due to a coordinated suite of WAT and BAT gene transcription changes ultimately increasing lipid mobilization and utilization.

scholarly journals Increased expression level of ANGPTL8 in white adipose tissue under acute and chronic cold treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Arefanian ◽  
Irina Al-Khairi ◽  
Nermeen Abu Khalaf ◽  
Preethi Cherian ◽  
Sina Kavalakatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Brown Adipose

Abstract Background Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTL), primarily 3, 4, and 8, play a major role in maintaining energy homeostasis by regulating triglyceride metabolism. This study evaluated the level of ANGPTL3, 4, and 8 in the liver, brown adipose tissue (BAT), and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SAT) of mice maintained under acute and chronic cold conditions. Methods C57BL/6J mice were exposed to cold temperature (4 °C) for 10 days with food provided ad libitum. Animal tissues were harvested at Day 0 (Control group, n = 5) and Days 1, 3, 5, and 10 (cold treatment groups, n = 10 per group). The expression levels of various genes were measured in the liver, SAT, and BAT. ANGPTL3, 4, and 8 expressions were measured in the liver. ANGPTL4, 8, and genes involved in browning and lipid metabolism [uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL)] were measured in SAT and BAT. Western blotting (WB) analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to confirm ANGPTL8 expression in these tissues. Results The expressions of ANGPTL3 and 8 mRNA were significantly reduced in mouse liver tissues after cold treatment (P < 0.05); however, the expression of ANGPTL4 was not significantly altered. In BAT, ANGPTL8 expression was unchanged after cold treatment, whereas ANGPTL4 expression was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). ANGPTL4 levels were also significantly reduced in SAT, whereas ANGPTL8 gene expression exhibited over a 5-fold increase. Similarly, UCP1 gene expression was also significantly increased in SAT. The mRNA levels of LPL and ATGL showed an initial increase followed by a gradual decrease with an increase in the days of cold exposure. ANGPTL8 protein overexpression was further confirmed by WB and IHC. Conclusions This study shows that exposure to acute and chronic cold treatment results in the differential expression of ANGPTL proteins in the liver and adipose tissues (SAT and BAT). The results show a significant reduction in ANGPTL4 in BAT, which is linked to improved thermogenesis in response to acute cold exposure. ANGPTL8 was activated under acute and chronic cold conditions in SAT, suggesting that it is involved in regulating lipolysis and enhancing SAT browning.

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