Pull-out behaviour of vertical plate anchor in granular soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 171 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awdhesh Kumar Choudhary ◽  
Sujit Kumar Dash
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Plate ◽  
Granular Soil ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Plate Anchor

Pull-Out Mechanism of Horizontal and Inclined Plate Anchors in Normally Consolidated Clay

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1103
Author(s):  
Cun Hu ◽  
Junfeng Chen ◽  
Chun Fai Leung ◽  
Yean Khow Chow ◽  
Zhichuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Separation Mechanism ◽  
Inclined Plate ◽  
Particle Image Velocimetry Technique ◽  
Soil Movement ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Plate Anchor ◽  
Plate Anchors

As most existing experimental studies on plate anchors were carried out in uniform clay, a centrifuge model study is presented in this paper to investigate the pull-out behaviour of plate anchors in normally consolidated clay, which is not uncommon in offshore seabed. Horizontal and inclined anchors with different embedment depths and aspect ratios (length to width) are considered. The soil movement pattern around the plate anchor is evaluated from high-resolution photographs taken during the tests employing the Particle Image Velocimetry technique. The separation mechanism at the plate-soil interface is hence identified. The significant contribution of suction towards the ultimate pull-out capacity of a plate anchor is quantified by monitoring the soil resistance and the pore pressure beneath the anchor base under undrained condition. By comparing the pull-out responses of horizontal and inclined anchors, the effect of anchor inclination on the anchor capacity and failure mechanism is evaluated.

Testing of URM wall-to-diaphragm through-bolt plate anchor connections

2020 ◽  
pp. 875529302094418
Author(s):  
Dmytro Dizhur ◽  
Shou Wei ◽  
Marta Giaretton ◽  
Arturo E. Schultz ◽  
Jason M. Ingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Current Strength ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Plate Anchor ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Force Displacement

The presence of effective wall-to-diaphragm connections has been shown to significantly improve the global seismic behavior of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings. However, despite the importance of such connections, there remains a paucity of experimental research to provide physical validation of current recommendations in design standards and guidelines. The experimental study reported herein included a total of 18 tests which were undertaken in two phases, with Phase 1 testing being undertaken on existing vintage plate anchor connections in an existing URM building and Phase 2 testing involving newly installed plate anchor connections in two additional existing URM buildings. The tested buildings offered variation in material properties, levels of axial load, and wall thickness as test parameters. Attained failure modes and corresponding force-displacement curves are presented herein, as well as comparisons regarding the influence of varying test parameters on the ultimate pull-out capacity. Prediction of plate anchor capacity was undertaken using a basic mechanics approach, and comparisons to current strength recommendations in standards and guidelines are provided.

Evaluation of Plate Anchors Capacity in Saturated Soils Using Different Constitutive Models

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Aghazadeh ◽  
M. S. Rahman ◽  
M. A. Gabr
Keyword(s):  
Soft Soil ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Saturated Clay ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Modified Cam Clay ◽  
Plate Anchor ◽  
Plate Anchors ◽  
Cam Clay

Evaluation of the uplift capacity of plate anchors in saturated clay is an important aspect in offshore anchoring of various structures. In most of the literature reviewed, a constitutive model such as Tresca or Mohr-Coulomb has been used in analyses. There exists a need to study the anchors’ pull out capacity using other advanced soil models and discern differences in results. This study presents the results of finite element simulation of a rectangular or circular plate anchor in saturated clay. The capacity factors (Nc) of the plate are assessed through the application of displacement control approach and the results are compared to the lower bound solution as well as to data obtained from similar studies available in the literature. In addition to Mohr-Coulomb model, two other constitutive models are used to represent the soil deformation. These are Modified Cam-Clay, and Soft Soil models. Undrained effective stress analyses are conducted using the computer program PLAXIS. A series of analyses using different embedment depths are performed for all three constitutive models. Results as Nq value from the three constitutive models are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Numerical Modelling of Cyclic Pull-Out Behaviors of Embedded Plate Anchors in Saturated Soft Clay

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun Hu ◽  
Fu-ping Gao
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Soft Clay ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Surface Plasticity ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Plate Anchor ◽  
Cyclic Degradation ◽  
Saturated Soft Clay

As a foundation for deep-water floating offshore structures, the embedded plate anchor should withstand the complicated marine conditions involving the cyclic loads. The pull-out behaviors of the embedded plate anchor under cyclic loading must be considered whilst designing. This paper presents a numerical approach for assessing the cyclic pull-out behaviors of the embedded plate anchor based on a recently proposed anisotropic bounding surface plasticity model, which can capture the non-failure stable and degradation characteristics of saturated soft clay under cyclic loading with different stress-levels. The pull-out behaviors of the embedded plate anchor under both monotonic and cyclic loading are simulated and investigated. Effects of the mean value, the amplitude of the cyclic loading on the cyclic pull-out behaviors are analyzed. The results demonstrate that under different cyclic loading levels three typical types of the cyclic pull-out behaviors are obtained, i.e., the cyclic stable, the cyclic hypo-stable and the cyclic degradation.

scholarly journals Pullout Capacity of a Vertical Plate Anchor Embedded in Cohesion-less Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Kame ◽  
D. M. Dewaikar ◽  
Deepankar Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Plate ◽  
Pullout Capacity ◽  
Plate Anchor ◽  
Cohesion Less Soil

The influence of heat treatment on the fiber/matrix interface in a SiC-reinforced glassceramic

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
E. Bischoff ◽  
O. Sbaizero
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Lithium Aluminum ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Crack Wake ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Annealed Material ◽  
Ultrasonic Drilling ◽  
Fiber Matrix Interface

Fiber or whisker reinforced ceramics show improved toughness and strength. Bridging by intact fibers in the crack wake and fiber pull-out after failure contribute to the additional toughness. These processes are strongly influenced by the sliding and debonding resistance of the interfacial region. The present study examines the interface in a laminated 0/90 composite consisting of SiC (Nicalon) fibers in a lithium-aluminum-silicate (LAS) glass-ceramic matrix. The material shows systematic changes in sliding resistance upon heat treatment.As-processed samples were annealed in air at 800 °C for 2, 4, 8, 16 and 100 h, and for comparison, in helium at 800 °C for 4 h. TEM specimen preparation of as processed and annealed material was performed with special care by cutting along directions having the fibers normal and parallel to the section plane, ultrasonic drilling, dimpling to 100 pm and final ionthinning. The specimen were lightly coated with Carbon and examined in an analytical TEM operated at 200 kV.

Characterization of interfaces in CVD-coated nicalon fiber-reinforced SiC

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
K.L. More ◽  
R.A. Lowden
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Chemical Vapor Infiltration ◽  
Frictional Stress ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Fiber Matrix

The mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites are directly related to the nature of the fiber-matrix bond. Fracture toughness is improved when debonding, crack deflection, and fiber pull-out occur which in turn depend on a weak interfacial bond. The interfacial characteristics of fiber-reinforced ceramics can be altered by applying thin coatings to the fibers prior to composite fabrication. In a previous study, Lowden and co-workers coated Nicalon fibers (Nippon Carbon Company) with silicon and carbon prior to chemical vapor infiltration with SiC and determined the influence of interfacial frictional stress on fracture phenomena. They found that the silicon-coated Nicalon fiber-reinforced SiC had low flexure strengths and brittle fracture whereas the composites containing carbon coated fibers exhibited improved strength and fracture toughness. In this study, coatings of boron or BN were applied to Nicalon fibers via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and the fibers were subsequently incorporated in a SiC matrix. The fiber-matrix interfaces were characterized using transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM). Mechanical properties were determined and compared to those obtained for uncoated Nicalon fiber-reinforced SiC.

Advances in ultramicrotomy for physical sciences applications

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 710-711
Author(s):  
G. McMahon ◽  
T. Malis
Keyword(s):  
Particle Surface ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Novel Applications ◽  
Metal Wires ◽  
Frequent Problem ◽  
Specific Orientation ◽  
Diamond Knife

As with all techniques which are relatively new and therefore underutilized, diamond knife sectioning in the physical sciences continues to see both developments of the technique and novel applications.Technique Developments Development of specific orientation/embedding procedures for small pieces of awkward shape is exemplified by the work of Bradley et al on large, rather fragile particles of nuclear waste glass. At the same time, the frequent problem of pullout with large particles can be reduced by roughening of the particle surface, and a proven methodology using a commercial coupling agent developed for glasses has been utilized with good results on large zeolite catalysts. The same principle (using acid etches) should work for ceramic fibres or metal wires which may only partially pull out but result in unacceptably thick sections. Researchers from the life sciences continue to develop aspects of embedding media which may be applicable to certain cases in the physical sciences.

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