scholarly journals A Study of Crinio-facial Measurement (Biparietal Diameter) of Fetus by Ultrasonography in Different Age Group of The Tribal Population of Jharkhand

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 8059-8063
Author(s):  
Annu Bobby ◽  
◽  
Rahul Prasad ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tribal Population ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
History Of

Introduction: The pregnancy cannot be dated accurately by clinical evaluation alone. Sonography is a useful and an accurate tool for estimation of the gestational age. Biparietal diameter is one the robust method of the basic biometric parameter used to assess fetal size and age. Aims and objective: The aim of this study was to collect data on craniofacial measurement of fetuses of the different age group by Ultrasonography at RIMS, Ranchi and to correlate its relationship with the different fetal age group. Materials and methods: The study was carried out on 100 pregnant women who gave definite history of their last menstrual period and 100 pregnant women who were not able to give definite history of their last menstrual period, in the tribal population of Jharkhand. The cases were selected from antenatal clinic of out-patients department of obstetrics and gynecology of RIMS, Ranchi. The ultrasonography was done by Dept of Radiology, RIMS, Ranchi. Discussion: In obstetrics the duration of pregnancy is calculated by the first day of the last menstrual period at present study standard variation of gestation age base on L M P when the pregnancy cannot be date accurately alone by clinical evaluation alone. Sonography is accepted as the most useful and accurate tool for estimating gestational age. BPD diameter was measured by ultrasonography and along with clinical findings, average gestational age was determined. Conclusion: Sonography is accepted as the most useful and accurate tool for estimating gestational age in those pregnant women who were not able to give definitive history of last menstrual period. Our study showed that the Growth rate of fetal BPD increases progressively as the fetal age increase in early weeks of pregnancy whereas growth is slow in later weeks of pregnancy, our study also showed that measurement of Biparietal diameter is a useful criterion to predict GA & determining EDD. KEY WORD: Pregnancy, Gestational age (GA), Biparietal diameter (BPD), Ultrasonography (USG), Expected date of delivery (EDD).

scholarly journals Sonographic Reference Values for Fetal Transverse Cerebellar Diameter in the Second and Third Trimesters in a Nigerian Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Ugwoke Eze ◽  
Queendaline Ebere Onwuzu ◽  
Innocent Uchechukwu Nwadike
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Outer Margin ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Nigerian Population

This study aimed to establish reference values of fetal transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) in a Nigerian population. A cross-sectional convenience study was carried out between June 2013 and May 2014 in Enugu, Nigeria. The sonographic examinations were performed on 697 pregnant women with gestational ages between 14 and 40 weeks. The TCD measurements were obtained from the proximal outer margin to the distal outer margin of cerebellum. The women’s last menstrual period, femur length, biparietal diameter, head circumference, and abdominal circumference were also recorded. The mean (standard deviation) TCD increased from 13.6 (2.2) mm to 27.3 (2.6) mm and 28.9 (2.0) mm to 42.9 (2.0) mm in the second and third trimesters, respectively. The relationship of TCD with gestational age obtained from last menstrual period, femur length, biparietal diameter, head circumference, and abdominal circumference was determined. The TCD had a strong correlation with gestational age ( r = .93; P < .05). Reference values for TCD were established for those patients who attended this clinic. This is a likely data set to use for future research that could focus on similar practices and in other regions of the country for possible generation of a nationwide nomogram.

ESTIMATE GESTATIONAL AGE ACCORDING TO FETAL CROWN RUMP LENGTH ON ECHOGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Danh Cuong ◽  
Nguyen Hai Long ◽  
Ngo Toan Anh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thu Huong ◽  
Le Pham Sy Cuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Linear Equation ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: Development of descriptive table of gestational age (GA) based on fetal crown rump length (CRL) in Vietnam. Methods: This study was conducted at the Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, National Hospital Obstetrics and Gynecology. Gestational age based on the first day of last menstrual period (LMP) ranges from 10 weeks to 14 weeks and 6 days. Pregnant women who are healthy, have regular menstrual periods, have not used hormonal drugs or assisted reproductive methods before. Have ultrasound measured the length of the crown-rump of the embryo based on the mandatory criteria. Data were analysed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: 1008 singleton fetuses that met criteria, were predicted GA according to LMP. There were 1008 fetal crown rump length recorded. The mean CRL was 59.95 ± 6.79 (mm), the mean gestational age according to KCC was: 12.13 ± 0.75 (weeks). Gestational age was linearly correlated with fetal crown rump length according to the equation: CRL = 6.602+ GAx 4.398 and GA= 8.889 + CRLx 0.54. Conclusion: Gestational age can be calculated based on fetal crown rump length index by linear equation: GA = 8.889 + CRLx 0.54. The equations can be applied to calculate gestational age in ultrasound practice in Vietnam.

scholarly journals FETAL GESTATIONAL AGE DETERMINATION BY BIPARIETAL DIAMETER

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
B S Meena ◽  
Shalini Sahay ◽  
Manju Sharma ◽  
Devendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Concomitant Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Complicated Pregnancy

Background: To find out correlation between biparietal diameter and gestational age Methods: This was a cross sectional study of uncomplicated pregnant women who presented for routine obstetric ultrasound at S M S medical college & hospital. Informed consent was obtained from the patients before inclusion in the study. Only singleton pregnancies were included. Exclusion criteria included pregnant women who had concomitant disease that could possibly affect fetal growth (e.g. diabetes mellitus, asthma, hypertension, renal disease, thyroid disease), complicated pregnancy (e.g. bleeding, preeclampsia), foetal abnormality detected during the examination, women with a history of obstetric complications, intrauterine growth retardation and macrosomia Results: The cases were in the age group of 18 to 37 yrs. Maximum number of cases are in middle age group and minimal in elderly age group. Mean BPD at 41 weeks of gestational age was 89.00 mm and 40 weeks of gestational age was 88.00±3.42 mm. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study that there is good correlation of BPD measurement by ultrasonography and gestational age. It is a reliable tool especially in those women where LMP is not known or doubtful, for assessing gestational age. Keywords: Gestational Age, Biparietal Diameter, Trimester, Pregnant Women

scholarly journals Risk of Dysglycemia in Pregnancy amongst Kenyan Women with HIV Infection: A Nested Case-Control Analysis from the STRiDE Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sonak D. Pastakia ◽  
Wycliffe K. Kosgei ◽  
Astrid Christoffersen-Deb ◽  
Benson Kiragu ◽  
John N. Hector ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Women With Hiv ◽  
Nested Case Control

Introduction. Gestational diabetes is a common complication, whose incidence is growing globally. There is a pressing need to obtain more data on GDM in low- and middle-income countries, especially amongst high-risk populations, as most of the data on GDM comes from high-income countries. With the growing awareness of the role HIV plays in the progression of noncommunicable diseases and the disproportionate HIV burden African countries like Kenya face, investigating the potential role HIV plays in increasing dysglycemia amongst pregnant women with HIV is an important area of study. Methods. The STRiDE study is one of the largest ever conducted studies of GDM in Kenya. This study enrolled pregnant women aged between 16 and 50 who were receiving care from public and private sector facilities in Eldoret, Kenya. Within this study, women received venous testing for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting glucose between 8- and 20-week gestational age. At their 24-32-week visit, they received a venous 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Because of the pressing need to assess the burden of GDM within the population of pregnant women with HIV, a nested case-control study design was used. Pregnant women with HIV within the larger STRiDE cohort were matched to non-HIV-infected women within the STRiDE cohort at a 1 : 3 ratio based on body mass index, parity, family history of GDM, gestational age, and family history of hypertension. The measurements of glucose from the initial visit (fasting glucose and HbA1c) and follow-up visit (OGTT) were compared between the two groups of HIV+ cases and matched HIV- controls. Results. A total of 83 pregnant women with HIV were well matched to 249 non-HIV-infected women from the STRiDE cohort with marital status being the only characteristic that was statistically significantly different between the two groups. Statistically significant differences were not observed in the proportion of women who developed GDM, the fasting glucose values, the HbA1c, or OGTT measurements between the two groups. Discussion. Significant associations were not seen between the different measures of glycemic status between pregnant women with and without HIV. While significant differences were not seen in this cohort, additional investigation is needed to better describe the association of dysglycemia with HIV, especially in Kenyan populations with a higher prevalence of GDM.

scholarly journals Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis ababa, Ethiopia - a cross sectional type of study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desta Samuel Umuro ◽  
Yared Lasebew Asres ◽  
Gezahegn Mamo Muluneh
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted from December 1–30, 2018 on 405 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. All pregnant women visiting the Antenatal care clinic during the study period and who fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the study. Secondary data was collected from clients register and personal files on hemoglobin, HIV, stool, and other variables. Descriptive statistics was used to analysis some variables by using SPSS. Logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with anemia in pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratio with their 95% of confidence interval and p < 0.05 are consider to have significant association. Results The magnitude of Anemia in pregnant women in this study was 19.8%, (95% CI 16.00-23.70). HIV infection (AOR = 6.12(95% CI 2.19, 17.08) parasitic infestation (AOR = 11.88 (95% CI 5.60, 25.20) and history of not taking fruit after meal during pregnancy (AOR = 3.12(95% CI 1.72, 5.67) were the major determinants of anemia. Conclusion This study showed that the magnitude of anemia among pregnant women was high especially at third trimester. Living with HIV /AIDS, parasitic infestation and no history of taking fruits after meal were the main factors.

CONSANGUINITY AND MATERNAL AGE;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 511-515
Author(s):  
Nayyab Zehra ◽  
Ahmed Hassaan Malik ◽  
Zahabia Khalid ◽  
Misha Sabir ◽  
Simra Tanvir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Spontaneous Abortions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Objectives: To determine the frequency of risk factors i.e. consanguinity andmaternal age associated with spontaneous abortions in Pakistan and to propose ways toreduce them. Study design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Place of study: Gynecologydepartment of Military Hospital and Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. Duration ofstudy: 6 months (September 2015 to February 2016). Sampling technique: Non probabilityconvenient sampling. Methodology: 150 married female patients in reproductive age group(15-49 years), who were confirmed cases of pregnancy and presented with abortions, wereinterviewed and responses were filled in a structured questionnaire after written consent.The collected data was then entered and analyzed by SPSS 20.0. Results: The major bulkof spontaneous abortions occurred in the maternal age group of 25-35 years (55.3%). A totalof 53.3% of abortions occurred in the gestational age of less than 12 weeks. Around 54.7% offemales had family history of spontaneous abortions and 65.3% had consanguineous marriage.Conclusion: Spontaneous abortions occur more frequently in the females of 25-35 yearsage group and among the fetuses with gestational age less than 12 weeks (1st trimester ofpregnancy). Family history of spontaneous abortions and consanguinity are associated withspontaneous abortions.

scholarly journals Early termination of pregnancy: differences in gestational age estimation using last menstrual period and ultrasound in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biani Saavedra-Avendano ◽  
Raffaela Schiavon ◽  
Patricio Sanhueza ◽  
Ranulfo Rios-Polanco ◽  
Laura Garcia-Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
Early Termination ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Gestational Age Estimation
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