scholarly journals Treatment-Resistant Bronchopneumonia as a Form of Presentation of Lung Cancer: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pazos CP ◽  
de Alejo Alema AP ◽  
Hernandez IDG ◽  
Penton CRC ◽  
de Alejo Plain AP
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Right

Lung cancer is the most common neoplasm and one of the deadliest in the world. A clinical case of a 74-year-old patient with a history of being a former smoker is presented. He comes in with a dry cough, fever of 38.5°C and tiredness. The physical examination revealed the respiratory system: slightly decreased vesicular murmur towards the right parailiary region with the presence of crackles at that level. A Chest X-ray is performed, observing an image of inflammatory condensation towards the right iliary region; it is treated as bronchopneumonia worsening the clinical state. A thoracentesis is performed with extraction of pleural fluid for cytohistological study. The cytohistological study diagnosed adenocarcinoma-type non-small cell lung cancer. The patient died before starting cancer treatment. The bronchopneumonic form of lung cancer is not the most frequent, but it is one of the forms that most masks the picture.

The utility of DR-70, a novel blood biomarker, in the early detection of lung cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17521-e17521
Author(s):  
Afsaneh Motamed-Khorasani ◽  
Hooman Etemadi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cut Point ◽  
Chest X Ray

e17521 Background: Lung cancer accounts for the largest percentage of cancer in adults in North America. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85-90% of all lung cancers with a death rate of 85%. Early diagnosis is the only chance of a cure when surgery or chemo-radiotherapy can be performed. Chest X-ray is the routine first diagnostic step but is not confirmatory. The purpose of this study was to further validate DR-70 utility in lung cancer early detection considering the relatively high sensitivity of this test. Onko-Sure is a regulatory approved blood test for detection/monitoring of lung cancer treatment/recurrence. It measures the accumulation of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in the serum using anti-DR-70 antibody. Methods: A total of 239 serum samples were retrospectively obtained from a serum bank and were tested with DR-70. There were two arms: healthy controls (n= 120) and biopsy-confirmed lung cancers (n= 119) including: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (n=7) and NSCLC (n=112). The NSCLC included adenocarcinoma (n=65), squamous carcinoma (n=37), large cell lung cancer (n=4) and others (n=6). The data were analyzed to find the optimal cut point, sensitivity and specificity of DR-70. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of 63% and 87.5% were achieved, respectively (cut-point of 1.2 ug/ml). For SCLC, the sensitivity and specificity of 57.1% and 82.5% were achieved (cut-point: 1.1 ug/ml). For NSCLC, the sensitivity and specificity of 65.2% and 87.5% were achieved (cut-point: 1.2 ug/ml). Among the subcategories of NSCLC, DR-70 showed the highest sensitivity for acinar cell carcinoma (81.8%). Furthermore, DR-70 showed sensitivity of 59.5%, 70.4, 66.7 and 70% for stages I, II, III, and IV. Conclusions: Chest X-Ray is the routine first step in lung cancer detection with the sensitivity of 78.3%. It is not confirmatory and it can miss lesions smaller than 1 cm. These findings are promising and highlight DR-70 test as an additional first line diagnostic tool that can potentially replace X-ray to increase the diagnosis sensitivity as early as stage I. An enhanced ability to diagnose NSCLC in an early stage (I/II) should significantly improve prognosis, treatment options and survival rate for patients with lung cancer.

Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Importance of Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy in the Evaluation of Complete Remission

1989 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Tondini ◽  
Adriano Rizzi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray

The authors report their eight-year experience on the methodical of fiberbronchoscopy in the evaluation of complete remission in 140 patients affected by small-cell lung cancer. The higher reliability of fiberbronchoscopy than of standard chest X-ray is emphasized.

Combined small-cell and non-small-cell lung cancer.

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
M D Mangum ◽  
F A Greco ◽  
J D Hainsworth ◽  
K R Hande ◽  
D H Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Combined Subtype

Nine (2%) of 429 small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients seen at Vanderbilt University between 1977 and 1983 had a combined subtype SCLC at diagnosis (ie, small-cell carcinoma plus squamous cell or adenocarcinoma). Staging procedures and chemotherapy treatment were uniform for all 429 patients. The diagnosis of combined histology was established via bronchoscopy (six patients), needle aspiration biopsy (one), lymph node biopsy (one), and thoracotomy (one). The clinical characteristics of the combined subtype patients were similar to patients with other subtypes of SCLC (ie, there were no differences in median age, sex, performance status, and stage of disease). However, patients with a combined subtype histology had a higher incidence of peripheral lesions on chest x-ray (56% v 14%, P less than .001) and a lower median lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (301 IU/L v 341 IU/L, P = .0002) at diagnosis. The overall response to chemotherapy (57% v 78; P = .5) and the median survival (8 months v 10 months; P = .4) of the combined subtype patients were similar to patients with other subtypes of SCLC. Two (22%) combined histology patients survived greater than or equal to 5 years. Both had had surgical resection in addition to chemotherapy. These data suggest that the combined subtype of SCLC is clinically similar to pure SCLCs and that surgery may play a prominent role in the management of these tumors. The possibility of a combined histology tumor should be considered in patients thought to have SCLC on the basis of limited biopsy material, such as a needle aspiration or bronchial biopsy, and when the primary lesion is peripherally located on chest x-ray.

scholarly journals History of Extensive Disease Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment: Time to Raise the Bar? A Review of the Literature

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Chiara Lazzari ◽  
Aurora Mirabile ◽  
Alessandra Bulotta ◽  
Maria Grazia Viganó ◽  
Francesca Rita Ogliari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Extensive Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Line Standard

Several trials have tried for decades to improve the outcome of extensive disease small cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC) through attempts to modify the standard treatments. Nevertheless, platinum/etoposide combination and topotecan have remained respectively the first and the second line standard treatments for the last 40 years. With the advent of immunotherapy, this scenario has finally changed. Our review aims to provide an overview of the primary studies on the actual therapeutic strategies available for ED-SCLC patients, and to highlight emerging evidence supporting the use of immunotherapy in SCLC patients.

Predictive Factors for Interstitial Lung Disease, Antitumor Response, and Survival in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated With Gefitinib

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 2549-2556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiko Ando ◽  
Isamu Okamoto ◽  
Nobuyuki Yamamoto ◽  
Koji Takeda ◽  
Kenji Tamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Antitumor Response ◽  
History Of

Purpose Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a serious adverse effect of gefitinib, but its prevalence and risk factors remain largely unknown. We examined the prevalence of and risk factors for gefitinib-induced ILD associated with practical use of the drug in Japanese with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients and Methods Clinical information was retrospectively assembled for NSCLC patients who started gefitinib treatment at affiliated institutions of the West Japan Thoracic Oncology Group between August 31 and December 31, 2002. Medical records of patients who developed pulmonary infiltrates were reviewed by a central committee of extramural experts for identification of patients with gefitinib-induced ILD. Multivariate logistic or Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictive factors for ILD, antitumor response, and survival. Results Seventy cases of and 31 deaths from gefitinib-induced ILD were identified among 1,976 consecutively treated patients at 84 institutions, corresponding to a prevalence of 3.5% and mortality of 1.6%. Gefitinib-induced ILD was significantly associated with male sex, a history of smoking, and coincidence of interstitial pneumonia (odds ratios = 3.10, 4.79, and 2.89, respectively). Predictive factors for response were female sex, no history of smoking, adenocarcinoma histology, metastatic disease, and good performance status (PS), whereas predictive factors for survival were female sex, no history of smoking, adenocarcinoma histology, nonmetastatic disease, good PS, and previous chest surgery. Conclusion ILD is a serious adverse effect of gefitinib in the clinical setting that cannot be ignored. However, patient selection based on sex and smoking history can minimize ILD risk and maximize the clinical benefit of gefitinib.

scholarly journals Characterisation and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Triorganophosphinegold(I) 2-Mercaptobenzoate Complexes

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dick de Vos ◽  
Phil Clements ◽  
Simon M. Pyke ◽  
Douglas R. Smyth ◽  
Edward R. T. Tiekink
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Molecular Hydrogen ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solvent Dependence ◽  
Carboxylic Acid Dimer ◽  
Very High

The preparation and full NMR (H1,C13 and P31) characterisation of three R3PAu (2mba) complexes, Where R = Et, Ph and Cy, and 2mba is the anion derived from 2-mercaptobenzoic acid is reported. An interesting solvent dependence in the 1H spectra is rationalised in terms of competing intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonding. An X-ray analysis of the [Ph3PAu(2mba)] species reveals a linear P—Au—S arrangement and association in the lattice via the familar carboxylic acid dimer motif. The in Vitro cytotoxicity against seven human tumout lines is also described. The complexes display moderate to very high activity. Particularly noteworthy is their greater activity against the H226 cell line (non-small cell lung cancer) compared with that displayed by a range of cytotoxic drugs.

scholarly journals Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Cancer: Mechanisms and Molecular Targets

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Ballester ◽  
Javier Milara ◽  
Julio Cortijo
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
History Of

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common idiopathic interstitial pulmonary disease with a median survival of 2–4 years after diagnosis. A significant number of IPF patients have risk factors, such as a history of smoking or concomitant emphysema, both of which can predispose the patient to lung cancer (LC) (mostly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)). In fact, IPF itself increases the risk of LC development by 7% to 20%. In this regard, there are multiple common genetic, molecular, and cellular processes that connect lung fibrosis with LC, such as myofibroblast/mesenchymal transition, myofibroblast activation and uncontrolled proliferation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, alterations of growth factors expression, oxidative stress, and large genetic and epigenetic variations that can predispose the patient to develop IPF and LC. The current approved IPF therapies, pirfenidone and nintedanib, are also active in LC. In fact, nintedanib is approved as a second line treatment in NSCLC, and pirfenidone has shown anti-neoplastic effects in preclinical studies. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge on the mechanisms implicated in the development of LC in patients with IPF as well as in current IPF and LC-IPF candidate therapies based on novel molecular advances.

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