Prevention strategies for musculoskeletal disorders among high-risk occupational groups

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alysha Rose Meyers
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Occupational Groups

scholarly journals Implications of Recent Revelations from Basic and Clinical Studies of Barrett’s Esophagus for Screening and Surveillance Strategies

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Stuart Jon Spechler ◽  
Rhonda F. Souza
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Endoscopic Screening ◽  
Screening Practices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Screening And Surveillance ◽  
Gerd Symptoms ◽  
Current Screening

During the past several decades, while the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has risen dramatically, our primary EAC-prevention strategies have been endoscopic screening of individuals with GERD symptoms for Barrett’s esophagus (BE), and endoscopic surveillance for those found to have BE. Unfortunately, current screening practices have failed to identify most patients who develop EAC, and the efficacy of surveillance remains highly questionable. We review potential reasons for failure of these practices including recent evidence that most EACs develop through a rapid genomic doubling pathway, and recent data suggesting that many EACs develop from segments of esophageal intestinal metaplasia too short to be recognized as BE. We highlight need for a biomarker to identify BE patients at high risk for neoplasia (who would benefit from early therapeutic intervention), and BE patients at low risk (who would not benefit from surveillance). Promising recent efforts to identify such a biomarker are reviewed herein.

Peningkatkan Efisiensi Proses Transformasi Material Melalui Evaluasi Pengembangan Stasiun Kerja Proses Produksi (Paper Pallet)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Pandiono ◽  
Dayal Gustopo Setiadjit ◽  
Fuad Achmadi
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Low Risk

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan efisiensi proses transformasi material melalui evaluasi pengembangan stasiun kerja proses produksi paper pallet di PT xxx.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga tahap, yaitu; 1) melakukan observasi terhadap postur tubuh pada operator cutting maupun grooving hasilnya diukur melalui simulasi pada Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) dengan indikasi bahwa operator dalam kondisi High Risk untuk terkena Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), 2) simulasi menggunakan software Mannequin Pro diketahui beban torsi pada masing-masing operator mesin cutting dan groove relatif tinggi yaitu sebesar 8 Nm dan 36 Nm, dan 3) melakukan redesain stasiun kerja dengan dimensi tinggi mesin menjadi 89 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perancangan baru memberi peningkatan efisiensi pada waktu kerja pembuatan pallet sebesar 4.6 menit/pallet, penurunan pada skor RULA di masing- masing tubuh operator mesin cutting maupun mesin groove pada skor low Risk berarti operator terbebas dari resiko Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), uji Sofware mannequin pro didapat beban torsi masing masing operator sebesar  2 Nm. Signifikansi hasil penelitian ini adalah perancangan stasiun kerja baru dapat menurunkan potensi terjadinya Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), beban torsi operator dapat meningkatkan waktu pembuatan paper pallet sebesar 96%.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention strategies including pre-endoscopic virus testing and use of high risk personal protective equipment

Endoscopy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alanna Ebigbo ◽  
Christoph Römmele ◽  
Christina Bartenschlager ◽  
Selin Temizel ◽  
Elisabeth Kling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Abstract Background Infection prevention strategies to protect healthcare workers in endoscopy units during the post-peak phase of the COVID-19 pandemic are currently under intense discussion. In this paper, the cost-effectiveness of routine pre-endoscopy testing and high risk personal protective equipment (PPE) is addressed. Method A model based on theoretical assumptions of 10 000 asymptomatic patients presenting to a high volume center was created. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) and absolute costs per endoscopy were calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation. Results ICER values for universal testing decreased with increasing prevalence rates. For higher prevalence rates (≥ 1 %), ICER values were lowest for routine pre-endoscopy testing coupled with use of high risk PPE, while cost per endoscopy was lowest for routine use of high risk PPE without universal testing. Conclusion In general, routine pre-endoscopy testing combined with high risk PPE becomes more cost-effective with rising prevalence rates of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Determining the musculoskeletal disorders as the most common work-related injuries, especially in the crafts using the OCRA evaluation method

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gh Halvani ◽  
H Fallah ◽  
R Jafari Nodoushan ◽  
A Haji hosseini ◽  
H Fallah zadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Ergonomic Risk Factors

Introduction: The condition of work in handloom weaving industries cause musculoskeletal (MSDS) disorders which are the most prevailing professional problem among weavers. The aim of this research was to determine ergonomic risk factors in the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. Method: The present study was done through descriptive cross-section method to assess the risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the weavers. Our data collection tools were: demographic questionnaire, job Nordic questionnaire and body map prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders to decide the rate of symptoms. Then, we took film from handloom weavers while wearing to know the condition of their bodies. After reviewing the films, the posture marks was assigned to each duty using the Ergo Intelligence software. At the end, data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA and T-test using SPSS ver.20. Results: The results showed that the most frequent incidence of pain in different organs of the body during last year belonged to neck and shoulder. The average OCRA was 3.65.This indicated that most of the handloom weavers (64.4%) are at high risk. Conclusion: According to the re According to the results of OCRA indices, weavers are at high risk for musculoskeletal injuries, indicating their poor working environment and working conditions, indicating the need for corrective actions.

scholarly journals HEALTH INDICATORS IN CERTAIN OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS OF WORKERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Aleksandr S. Shastin ◽  
S. V. Yarushin ◽  
T. M. Tsepilova ◽  
V. G. Gazimova ◽  
S. R. Guselnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Corporate Social

Introduction. Occupational health enforcement in workers as a part of corporate social programs remains an urgent challenge for business entities. Public benefits and economic efficiency of programs for health preservation/disease prevention depend on whether they are arranged well enough with regard to the health status of individual workers and occupational groups. Meanwhile, the regulation of personal data protection limits the ability of business entities to access information about the health status of their employees. Material and methods. We analyzed the physicians’ statements obtained in regular medical examinations of industrial workers for a 5-year period. Results. We identified occupational groups/units with the highest percentage of workers who need sanatorium-resort treatment (SRT). Electric gas welders and furnace operators were estimated to need SRT the most, twice as frequently vs the rest of the workers. Conclusion. Medical check-up examinations not only provide information about the workers with a high risk of occupational diseases, but they also allow identifying occupational groups with a high risk of temporary disability due to common non-communicable diseases. Information obtained from these statements can be used for indicative health assessment in occupational groups of workers. This may be used in detecting prior groups of individuals when planning health-promoting activities and other measures.

COVID-19 Antibody Seroprevalence Among General Population and High-Risk Occupational Groups in Eighteen Cities of Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Poustchi ◽  
Maryam Darvishian ◽  
Zahra Mohammadi ◽  
Amaneh Shayanrad ◽  
Alireza Delavari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Occupational Groups

Relapse Prevention

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Dennis C. Daley ◽  
Antoine Douaihy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Initial Episode ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Chain

A lapse refers to an initial episode of substance use following a period of abstinence. A lapse may or may not lead to more substance use. Clients always run the risk that a lapse will turn into a relapse, in which they continue to use alcohol or other drugs. A lapse or relapse is the last link in a chain of decisions, and how one responds to an initial lapse has a big impact on whether or not one has a full-blown relapse. The goals of this chapter are to understand the difference between lapse and relapse, to learn about relapse prevention strategies, and to learn to identify and manage relapse warning signs and high-risk factors.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis and prevention strategies for equine tendinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-19
Author(s):  
Roger K.W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Flexor Tendon ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Suspensory Ligament ◽  
High Risk Factors ◽  
Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon ◽  
External Trauma

Equine tendinopathy arises through two main mechanisms – external trauma or overstrain injury. The pathogenesis of the former is straight forward and prevention relies on avoiding risk factors for palmar/plantar lacerations and protecting the tendons through the use of boots. For over-strain injuries, these mostly arise from overloading of the distal limb resulting in mid-substance tearing of the digital flexor tendons or borders tears of the deep digital flexor tendon within the confines of the digital sheath and navicular bursa. While some of these injuries may be spontaneous injuries associated solely with overload (such as the intra-thecal injuries of the deep digital flexor tendon), it is widely accepted that most overstrain injuries of the superficial digital flexor tendon (and suspensory ligament) occur as a result of accumulated microdamage which predisposes the tendon to over-strain injury. The mechanisms of this accumulated microdamage are poorly understood but probably relate to the effect of high impact loading of the tendon, sustained during normal exercise, which drives degradative changes in the tendon fascicles (Dudhia et al. 2007) and, in particular, the interfascicular matrix (endotenon) that allows the fascicles to slide past one another as a mechanism for the spring-like extension of the tendon under load (Thorpe et al. 2013). This is compounded by the lack of adaptive remodelling in adult tendon (Smith et al. 2002). This subclinical damage makes the tendon prone to sudden tearing of the tendon matrix during normal exercise, the risk of which is increased by factors such as the firmness of the ground, weight, speed, and fatigue. Strategies for prevention of injury rely on identifying at risk individuals through more sensitive monitoring of tendon health, maximising the quality of tendon during growth using carefully tailored ‘conditioning’ exercise regimes (Smith & Goodship 2008), reducing the degeneration induced by normal training and competition, and avoiding high risk factors for the initiation of the clinical injury.

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