An essential negative effect of a family history of substance use on readiness for drug dependence rehabilitation treatment in inpatients with addictions

AbstractIntroductionSubstance abuse remains one of the major challenges in young people, as it is one of the top five causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALY). The present study aims to find the prevalence and determinants of substance use among young people attending an urban primary health center in Delhi.MethodologySystematic random sampling was used to enroll the calculated sample size of 190. Substance use was assessed using ASSIST (an Alcohol Smoking Substance Involvement Screening Tool) and brief intervention was given based on the standard guidelines of ASSIST. The total score among the substance users is calculated and divided into Grades 1, 2 or 3. Log binomial regression was performed to quantify the association between substance use and covariates such as age, sex, education, occupation, family history of substance use, socio-economic status and family type. The association was expressed in odds ratio (OR) with 95 percent confidence interval (CI).ResultThe mean age of study participants was 18.6 ± 4.1, ranges from 10 to 24 years. Out of 48 substance users, 43.7% were consuming only tobacco, 22.9% were consuming only alcohol and 33.3% were polysubstance users. The history of substance use among family members of participants was found to be 46.3%. Median substance involvement score of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis users was 19 (IQR: 14.5–22), 19 (IQR: 13.5–25) and 22.5 (IQR: 22–23), respectively. Among tobacco users, 2.7% were Grade 1 and 7.2% were Grade 2. Four (16%), 20 (80%) and one (4%) of alcohol users were Grades 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Among the cannabis users, four (100%) were in the Grade 2 category. The median age of initiation of substance use among users was 16 (range 13–21) years. The analysis shows substance use was almost 25 times (adjusted OR = 25.84, 95% CI 5.65–118.09) more common among males and it increase by 2.5 times with a decrease in socio-economic status (adjusted OR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.27–5.02) and the result is significant. The substance use was almost 7 times higher when there is a family history of substance usage (adjusted OR = 7.40, 95% CI 2.15–25.4). Residential and marital status were not significantly associated with substance use.ConclusionMale sex, lower socio-economic status, participants currently not going to school/college, family history of substance use were found to be significant predictors of substance use among the study participants.

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Does family history of alcohol problems influence college and university drinking or substance use? A meta-analytical review

Addiction ◽

10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03903.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 107 (10) ◽

pp. 1774-1785 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Jennifer C. Elliott ◽

Kate B. Carey ◽

Katherine E. Bonafide

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Family History ◽

Alcohol Problems ◽

College And University ◽

Analytical Review ◽

History Of

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Substance Use Disorders in Men Presenting to a Psychosexual Clinic

ISRN Addiction ◽

10.1155/2014/486383 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Ravi Philip Rajkumar

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Family History ◽

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Substance Dependence ◽

Causal Relation ◽

Alcohol Use Disorders ◽

Community Based ◽

History Of ◽

A Current

Introduction. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are commonly associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders. Community-based studies have found a significant association between SUDs and sexual dysfunction in men, with a possible causal relation in the case of nicotine. Methods. The case records of 105 men presenting to a clinic for patients with psychosexual disorders were reviewed. Men with and without comorbid SUDs were compared in terms of demographic, clinical, and familial variables. Results. 25 of the 105 men (23.8%) had a lifetime diagnosis of SUD, and 19 (18.1%) had a current SUD. The commonest substances involved were nicotine (n = 21, 20%) and alcohol (n = 9, 9.5%). Men with comorbid SUDs were more likely to report a family history of substance dependence, particularly alcoholism. Single men with SUDs were more likely to have a comorbid mood disorder. Conclusion. SUDs, particularly nicotine and alcohol use disorders, are common comorbidities in patients with psychosexual disorders. Identifying and treating these disorders in this population are important aspects of management.

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Psychosocial and neural indicators of resilience among youth with a family history of substance use disorder

Drug and Alcohol Dependence ◽

10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.12.015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 185 ◽

pp. 198-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Meghan E. Martz ◽

Robert A. Zucker ◽

John E. Schulenberg ◽

Mary M. Heitzeg

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Family History ◽

Substance Use Disorder ◽

History Of

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Family History of Alcoholism and Brain Activation: Commentary on “Increased Forebrain Activations in Youths with Family Histories of Alcohol and Other Substance Use Disorders Performing a Go/No-Go Task”

Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research ◽

10.1111/acer.12648 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 403-404 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ian M. Colrain

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Family History ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Brain Activation ◽

Family Histories ◽

History Of

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Novelty Seeking as a Phenotypic Marker of Adolescent Substance Use

Substance Abuse Research and Treatment ◽

10.4137/sart.s22440 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9s1 ◽

pp. SART.S22440 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

L. Cinnamon Bidwell ◽

Valerie S. Knopik ◽

Janet Audrain-Mcgovern ◽

Tiffany R. Glynn ◽

Nichea S. Spillane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Family History ◽

Subjective Effects ◽

Drug Effects ◽

Novelty Seeking ◽

Indirect Pathway ◽

Phenotypic Marker ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Frequent Use ◽

History Of

Trait novelty seeking has been consistently implicated in substance use, yet the origins and mechanisms of novelty seeking in substance use proneness are unclear. We aimed to characterize novelty seeking as a phenotypic marker of substance use proneness in adolescence, a critical period for drug use experimentation. To this end, we parsed novelty seeking's two constituent subdimensions – exploratory excitability (drive for novel experience) and impulsiveness (careless decision-making) – and explored the individual relations of these dimensions to: (1) the use of a variety of licit and illicit substances, (2) family history of substance use, and (3) subjective drug effects. Five hundred eighty five adolescents (mean age = 14.5 years) completed surveys of key variables. Results indicated that, when accounting for the covariation among exploratory excitability and impulsiveness, impulsiveness emerged as the more salient correlate of substance use and was independently associated with initiation of nearly all drug classes. Mediation analyses of the mechanisms of novelty seeking-related risk illustrated that impulsiveness mediated the association of family history of substance use with both initiation and past 30-day frequency of use. Both impulsiveness and exploratory excitability were associated with increased positive and negative subjective drug effects, and the analyses supported a significant indirect pathway from impulsiveness to a more frequent use via positive subjective effects. Although limited by a cross-sectional design, these findings suggest that impulsiveness-like aspects of the novelty seeking construct may represent a useful phenotypic marker for early substance use proneness that potentially (1) increases initiation risk, (2) has familial origins, and (3) promotes more frequent use by altering subjective drug response.

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Familial and sporadic schizophrenia: a comparison of somatic diseases and abuse in patients and their relatives

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1111/j.1601-5215.2008.00313.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 4-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kristina Melkersson

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Family History ◽

Physical Health ◽

Genetic Risk ◽

Complementary Information ◽

Cardiac Infarction ◽

History Of ◽

Somatic Diseases ◽

Mental And Physical Health

Objective:Comparing schizophrenia patients on the basis of familial and non-familial forms of the illness provides a promising approach to the identification of genes involved in schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to search for somatic factors that discriminate between patients with and without a family history of schizophrenia and between their relatives.Methods:Ninety-five schizophrenia patients were structurally interviewed about mental and physical health and alcohol and substance use in themselves and their families. Besides this, complementary information was obtained from the patients’ case records. Patients with (41%) and without (59%) a family history were then compared.Results:The main differences were found in the patients’ relatives. Fewer patients with a family history, compared with patients without a family history, had relatives with cancer (p = 0.002). Conversely, there was a tendency towards that more patients with a family history, compared with patients without a family history, had relatives with cardiac infarction (p = 0.05).Conclusion:The genetic risk associated with schizophrenia seems to cosegregate into a factor(s) that protects against cancer and possibly also increases the risk for cardiac infarction.

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