scholarly journals Substance Use Disorders in Men Presenting to a Psychosexual Clinic

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ravi Philip Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Family History ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Causal Relation ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Community Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Current

Introduction. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are commonly associated with a variety of psychiatric disorders. Community-based studies have found a significant association between SUDs and sexual dysfunction in men, with a possible causal relation in the case of nicotine. Methods. The case records of 105 men presenting to a clinic for patients with psychosexual disorders were reviewed. Men with and without comorbid SUDs were compared in terms of demographic, clinical, and familial variables. Results. 25 of the 105 men (23.8%) had a lifetime diagnosis of SUD, and 19 (18.1%) had a current SUD. The commonest substances involved were nicotine (n = 21, 20%) and alcohol (n = 9, 9.5%). Men with comorbid SUDs were more likely to report a family history of substance dependence, particularly alcoholism. Single men with SUDs were more likely to have a comorbid mood disorder. Conclusion. SUDs, particularly nicotine and alcohol use disorders, are common comorbidities in patients with psychosexual disorders. Identifying and treating these disorders in this population are important aspects of management.

scholarly journals Whole-Exome Sequencing to Identify Potential Genetic Risk in Substance Use Disorders: A Pilot Feasibility Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2810
Author(s):  
P. V. AshaRani ◽  
Syidda Amron ◽  
Noor Azizah Bte Zainuldin ◽  
Sumanty Tohari ◽  
Alvin Y. J. Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Family History ◽  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Exome Sequencing ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
History Of

Genetics intersects with environmental, cultural, and social factors in the development of addictive disorders. This study reports the feasibility of whole-exome sequencing of trios (subject and two family members) to discover potential genetic variants in the development of substance use disorders (SUD). Family trios were recruited from the National Addictions Management Service in Singapore during the 2016–2018 period. Recruited subjects had severe alcohol use disorder (AUD) or opioid use disorder (OUD), with nicotine dependence (ND) and a family history of addictive disorders. Demographic characteristics and severity of addiction were captured. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and analysis were performed on salivary samples collected from the trios. WES revealed variants in several genes in each individual and disruptive protein mutations in most. Variants were identified in genes previously associated with SUDs, such as Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 3 (PLEKHM3), coiled-coil serine-rich protein 1 (CCSER1), LIM and calponin homology domains-containing protein 1 (LIMCH1), dynein axonemal heavy chain 8 (DNAH8), and the taste receptor type 2 member 38 (TAS2R38) involved in the perception of bitterness. The feasibility study suggests that subjects with a severe addiction profile, polysubstance use, and family history of addiction may often harbor gene variants that may predispose them to SUDs. This study could serve as a model for future precision medicine-based personalized interventional strategies for behavioral addictions and SUDs and for the discovery of potentially pathogenic genetic variants.

Sex-differences in cognition and behaviors in children with family history of substance use disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. e173
Author(s):  
Kristin Lee ◽  
Lexi Pritchett ◽  
Gro Løhaugen ◽  
Shannon Kogachi ◽  
Erin Fukaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Family History ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Behaviors

Achieving Remission and Favorable Outcomes in Patients with Depression/Anxiety and Substance use Disorders

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (S6) ◽  
pp. 10-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan F. Schatzberg
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of

Given the frequency with which patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and those with psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), suffer relapses and recurrences, the issue of long-term treatment for SUDs warrants special attention. Faced with recommending long-term treatment, the clinician must discern the primacy of disorder, which may have been only obliquely addressed at the time of the patient's presentation and then solved by concurrent treatment. Establishing primacy relies on determining whether the psychiatric symptoms were induced by SUD or the psychiatric disorder emerged first and substance use was a means of coping with it. A third possibility exists—that the two disorders developed independently of each other, albeit becoming intermingled over time and serving to exacerbate each other. Clues to the temporal relationship of the disorders can be deduced from a meticulous history obtained from multiple sources, the effects that acute treatment has had on either condition, and the patient's willingness to remain abstinent from the addictive substance. Hasin and colleagues demonstrated the importance that a history of depression has on long-term remission and relapse outcomes in substance dependence (Slide 1).

scholarly journals Assessment of whole brain white matter integrity in youths and young adults with a family history of substance-use disorders

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 5401-5413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Acheson ◽  
S. Andrea Wijtenburg ◽  
Laura M. Rowland ◽  
Anderson M. Winkler ◽  
Frank Gaston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Family History ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The role of pubertal timing in the link between family history of alcohol use disorder and late adolescent substance use

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 107955
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Weigard ◽  
Jillian E. Hardee ◽  
Robert A. Zucker ◽  
Mary M. Heitzeg ◽  
Adriene M. Beltz
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Pubertal Timing ◽  
Adolescent Substance Use ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
History Of

Determinants of substance use among young people attending an urban primary health center in Delhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Mogan ◽  
U Venkatesh ◽  
Richa Kapoor ◽  
Mukesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Family History ◽  
Young People ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Primary Health Center ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Substance Involvement

AbstractIntroductionSubstance abuse remains one of the major challenges in young people, as it is one of the top five causes of disability-adjusted life years (DALY). The present study aims to find the prevalence and determinants of substance use among young people attending an urban primary health center in Delhi.MethodologySystematic random sampling was used to enroll the calculated sample size of 190. Substance use was assessed using ASSIST (an Alcohol Smoking Substance Involvement Screening Tool) and brief intervention was given based on the standard guidelines of ASSIST. The total score among the substance users is calculated and divided into Grades 1, 2 or 3. Log binomial regression was performed to quantify the association between substance use and covariates such as age, sex, education, occupation, family history of substance use, socio-economic status and family type. The association was expressed in odds ratio (OR) with 95 percent confidence interval (CI).ResultThe mean age of study participants was 18.6 ± 4.1, ranges from 10 to 24 years. Out of 48 substance users, 43.7% were consuming only tobacco, 22.9% were consuming only alcohol and 33.3% were polysubstance users. The history of substance use among family members of participants was found to be 46.3%. Median substance involvement score of tobacco, alcohol and cannabis users was 19 (IQR: 14.5–22), 19 (IQR: 13.5–25) and 22.5 (IQR: 22–23), respectively. Among tobacco users, 2.7% were Grade 1 and 7.2% were Grade 2. Four (16%), 20 (80%) and one (4%) of alcohol users were Grades 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Among the cannabis users, four (100%) were in the Grade 2 category. The median age of initiation of substance use among users was 16 (range 13–21) years. The analysis shows substance use was almost 25 times (adjusted OR = 25.84, 95% CI 5.65–118.09) more common among males and it increase by 2.5 times with a decrease in socio-economic status (adjusted OR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.27–5.02) and the result is significant. The substance use was almost 7 times higher when there is a family history of substance usage (adjusted OR = 7.40, 95% CI 2.15–25.4). Residential and marital status were not significantly associated with substance use.ConclusionMale sex, lower socio-economic status, participants currently not going to school/college, family history of substance use were found to be significant predictors of substance use among the study participants.

Standard EMDR Protocol for Alcohol and Substance Dependence Comorbid With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Four Cases With 12-Month Follow-Up

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Kullack ◽  
Jonathan Laugharne
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress

This report begins with a summary of the literature regarding the theoretical models behind the comorbid relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorders and the various modified addiction protocols formulated to assist in treating these disorders. This case series outlines the effect that the standard eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) protocol had on alcohol and substance dependence for 4 patients who attended our Post Traumatic Stress Clinic in Fremantle, Western Australia, primarily for treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. Patients were assessed for substance use disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus prior to, immediately after, and 12 months after completing EMDR therapy. Results indicate that the standard EMDR protocol was successful in reducing alcohol and substance use. Prior to treatment, 3 patients met criteria for alcohol dependence and 1 met criteria for substance dependence. At 12-month follow-up, 3 out of 4 clients did not meet the diagnostic criteria for current alcohol dependence or current substance dependence. The implications of these findings are discussed with reference to theories of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder and the modified EMDR protocols developed for patients with substance dependence.

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