scholarly journals Assessing the impact of mining and industrial projects on natural ecosystems

2015 ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
I.I. Bosikov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Industrial Projects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Of Mining

scholarly journals Land Subsidence Estimation for Aquifer Drainage Induced by Underground Mining

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4658
Author(s):  
Artur Guzy ◽  
Wojciech T. Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Land Subsidence ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Method Model ◽  
Impact Of Mining

Land subsidence caused by groundwater withdrawal induced by mining is a relatively unknown phenomenon. This is primarily due to the small scale of such movements compared to the land subsidence caused by deposit extraction. Nonetheless, the environmental impact of drainage-related land subsidence remains underestimated. The research was carried out in the “Bogdanka” coal mine in Poland. First, the historical impact of mining on land subsidence and groundwater head changes was investigated. The outcomes of these studies were used to construct the influence method model. With field data, our model was successfully calibrated and validated. Finally, it was used for land subsidence estimation for 2030. As per the findings, the field of mining exploitation has the greatest land subsidence. In 2014, the maximum value of the phenomenon was 0.313 cm. However, this value will reach 0.364 m by 2030. The spatial extent of land subsidence caused by mining-induced drainage extends up to 20 km beyond the mining area’s boundaries. The presented model provided land subsidence patterns without the need for a complex numerical subsidence model. As a result, the method presented can be effectively used for land subsidence regulation plans considering the impact of mining on the aquifer system.

Pathfinder Algorithm Modification for CPLD and FPGA Routing Stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-409
Author(s):  
M.A. Zapletina ◽  
◽  
S.V. Gavrilov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Digital Circuits ◽  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Design Flow ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Industrial Projects ◽  
Placement And Routing ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Impact

One of the main advantages of FPGA and CPLD is the high development speed; therefore, the importance of effective computer-aided design tools for modern microcircuits of these classes cannot be overestimated. Placement and routing are the most time-consuming stages of FPGA/CPLD design flow. The quality of results of these stages is crucial to the final perfor-mance of custom digital circuits implemented on FPGA/CPLD. The paper discusses an approach to accelerating the routing stage within the layout synthesis flow for FPGA/CPLD by introducing a few algorithmic improvements to a routing procedure. The basic routing algorithm under study is a modified Pathfinder for a mixed routing resource graph. Pathfinder is a well-known negotiation-based routing algorithm that works on the principle of iteratively eliminating congestions of chip routing resources. For experiments, the sets of test digital circuits ISCAS'85, ISCAS'89, LGSynth'89 and several custom industrial projects were used. The impact of the proposed algorithmic improvements was analyzed using four FPGA/CPLD architectures. It has been established that due to the improvements of the algorithm proposed in the paper, the average reduction in routing time was from 1.3 to 2.6 times, depending on the FPGA/CPLD architecture, with no significant negative effect on the timing characteristics of the designed circuits.

Unele aspecte metodologice de studiu a biodiversitatii si productivitatii fitocenozelor din cadrul ecosistemelor urbane

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantin Bulimaga ◽  
◽  
Anastasia Portarescu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Impact Action ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Biodiversity Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Activities

Anthropogenic activities cause damage to the natural ecosystems in the city in various ways, which contributes to the reduction of biodiversity. Considering that biodiversity is becoming more vulnerable to the impact action triggered by urban activities is necessary to monitor it in order to take urgent measures to protect and preserve it. The plant biodiversity study methodology includes methods that help determine phytocenosis parameters and assess biomass in order to estimate the productive potential of phytocenosis. Carrying out the research according to the proposed methodology will make it possible to assess the anthropogenic impact on the terrestrial and riparian vegetation.

The principle of ensuring ecological continuity in the areas of influence of roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (23) ◽  
pp. 237-250
Author(s):  
Anatolii Morozov ◽  
◽  
Tetiana Morozova ◽  
Inessa Rutkovska ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Landscape Fragmentation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Barrier Effects ◽  
Ecological Continuity ◽  
The Impact

Introduction.The main environmental risks posed by roads are population depletion (deaths on roads) and barrier effects (habitat fragmentation). Barrier effects - animals avoid crossing roads, which leads to a decrease in the size and quality of habitat, optimal population size, reduced ability to find food and partner, increased genetic structuring and local extinction (Forman et al. 2003; Andrews et al. 2015; van der Ree et al. 2015). These risks against the background of other stressors, in particular the presence of invasive species, pollution, pesticide use, climate change, plant and animal diseases, may threaten the survival of populations.This issue is especially relevant for herpetofauna due to their biological characteristics. In particular, reptiles and amphibians move slowly, are too small (for drivers to see), do not avoid roads, and in cold periods roads attract amphibians (thermoregulation) because the coating absorbs and retains heat (Case and Fisher 2001; Jochimsen et al. 2004).The principle of ensuring ecological continuity is to identify priority efforts to mitigate environmental risks for animals and reduce the negative impact of the transport complex as a spatial barrier and source of pollution by introducing a number of technical means (eco-crossings, screens, embankments, landscaping). As it is not possible to change the environmental risks on all roads and for all species at present, it is necessary to identify the most vulnerable species, assess the risks to populations and the need for mitigation based on analysis of road density and traffic intensity.Problem Statement. With the advent of land transport there was a progressive environmental problem - the transformation of landscapes, it first appeared in countries with developed road infrastructure in Western Europe and the United States, and quickly spread around the globe (Ellenberg, et al., 1981; Fetisov, 1999; Zagorodnyuk, 2006, Ilyukh, Khokhlov, 2012). Numerous publications by both foreign and domestic authors are devoted to the study of the impact of transport infrastructure. Special attention of European authors is paid to the study of the phenomenon of fragmentation of natural ecosystems. In Europe, there is a network of experts and institutions of IENE, which is studying the possibility of implementing preventive measures for landscape fragmentation, promotes the development of transport infrastructure in accordance with environmental requirements, by creating a safe, environmentally sustainable European transport infrastructure.The ecological trail of the road network significantly exceeds its length (Vozniuk, 2014). This is due to the effects of, in particular, mortality on the roads of mammals, reptiles, reptiles (Forman et al. 2003), landscape fragmentation (roads divide the area into isolated areas, with low populations (sometimes below the minimum), so such populations lose genetic diversity and may become extinct locally), the loss of habitats of species and a decrease in the level of connectivity. In addition to these obvious effects, noise and vibration pollution are added, which inhibit the ability of reptiles, birds and mammals to detect prey or avoid predators (Forman et al. 2003), disturbed light regime (Rich and Longcore 2006). Roads contribute to the development of soil erosion processes, the spread of invasive and introduced species (300-800 seeds/m2 per year are transported to roadside ecotones by vehicles (Von der Lippe and Kowarik 2007), which contributes to the formation of local pseudo-populations), create obstacles and sources. (Forman et al. 2003).Purpose. Substantiation of the principle of ecological continuity regarding the negative impact of transport infrastructure on natural ecosystems and search for possible ways to minimize and prevent such impact.Materials and methods. The main research methods are the application of theoretical general scientific approaches to study: analysis and synthesis of international and domestic scientific and theoretical works, EU documentation (charters, design requirements), Ukrainian legal framework, literature sources; collection and analysis of statistical data to identify the dangers of the impact of road infrastructure on biodiversity and determine the value of the natural landscape.Results. The result is an analysis of the scientific literature on the negative impact of transport infrastructure on animals, systematization of the main impacts for the preparation of methodological documents for organizations planning and designing transport infrastructure in Ukraine to reduce the negative impact.Conclusions. The principle of ensuring ecological continuity is to minimize the negative consequences for the environment. In particular, by leveling the spatial barrier of the public highway. When laying a road through natural ecosystems, it is necessary to build transitions and passages for animals. In this case, their density and type must correspond to the natural rank of the territory. The construction of crossings for animals should be mandatory for all types of roads that cross ecological corridors. This is especially true for smaller roads, completely devoid of any transitions for animals, noise shields (on such roads are more likely to hit animals). An important point is the need to plan preventive methods at the planning stage of road construction. The analysis of the European experience shows that the negative impact of transport infrastructure on biota can be solved by consolidating the efforts of road transport specialists and specialists in the field of nature protection.Keywords:motor road,wildlife crossing, biodiversity, road infrastructure, ecological continuity

scholarly journals Assessing the Potential of Nontraditional Water Sources for Landscape Irrigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul I. Cabrera ◽  
James E. Altland ◽  
Genhua Niu
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Aesthetic Quality ◽  
The Impact

Scarcity and competition for good quality and potable water resources are limiting their use for urban landscape irrigation, with several nontraditional sources being potentially available for these activities. Some of these alternative sources include rainwater, stormwater, brackish aquifer water, municipal reclaimed water (MRW), air-conditioning (A/C) condensates, and residential graywater. Knowledge on their inherent chemical profile and properties, and associated regional and temporal variability, is needed to assess their irrigation quality and potential short- and long-term effects on landscape plants and soils and to implement best management practices that successfully deal with their quality issues. The primary challenges with the use of these sources are largely associated with high concentrations of total salts and undesirable specific ions [sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), boron (B), and bicarbonate (HCO3−) alkalinity]. Although the impact of these alternative water sources has been largely devoted to human health, plant growth and aesthetic quality, and soil physicochemical properties, there is emergent interest in evaluating their effects on soil biological properties and in natural ecosystems neighboring the urban areas where they are applied.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF LAND RECLAMATION AND PROTECTION DURING MINING IN THE KRASNOYARSK TERRITORY

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2(71)) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Olga Igorevna Ivanova ◽  
Aleksey Vasilevich Kozhukhovsky
Keyword(s):  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Land Allocation ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Actual Height ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Of Mining

The purpose of the study is to influence land resources during mining operations, and the main stages of land reclamation during mining on the example of the Tyradinsky gold Deposit, the "Zolotaya Tyrada" quarry, located in the Yenisei region of the Krasnoyarsk territory. The main factors of impact on land resources in the process of mining the field are considered; the analysis of measures to reduce the negative impact on land resources in the process of mining the field is carried out. The actual height and area of overburden dump not to exceed project, the reconfiguration of dumps allowed us to reduce the impact of mining on the environment, to avoid placing parts of the dumps in the water protection zone of the river Terada, thus there is no need of land allocation to forests of the first group and reduced the amount of removed topsoil. During the reclamation, potentially fertile soils (loam) taken from the quarry were used. There will be no deterioration in the impact on land resources during the liquidation process, due to the short duration of the work and within the existing land allotment.

scholarly journals Mapping mining waste : an investigation of the impact of mining activities on settlement patterns

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Alam
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Land Use Dynamics ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Human And Nature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Of Mining ◽  
Settlement Areas

This research focuses on the waste and environmental damage caused by mining activities and the impact that this has on settlement pattern of adjacent areas. This research identifies that mining cities are unique in their land use dynamics due to the physical attributes of mining sites and there impacts on human and nature. Using a method of three sequential approaches to understand the land use dynamics of mining cities the first study examines the physical attributes of mining sites, through the creation of a new data set that combines existing and abandoned sites from existing separate datasets, outlining production, proximity to settlement areas and water bodies to identify their degree of threat to human and nature. Secondly, a single case study of Copper Cliff, ON is used to investigate how mining activities and its changes interact with surrounding land uses through a Land mosaic-function-land change feedback model adapted from Richard T.T. Forman’s theory of land mosaic. The analysis then investigates the policy responses that are enacted to mitigate the mining activities with other land uses. The analysis identifies that the potential impact of mining activities is more prominent where mining waste production is higher and located at close proximity to settlement areas. However, although the growth pattern of settlement areas are often guided by the physical characteristics of mining sites, effective response of land use policies may stimulate positive changes of land use pattern.

scholarly journals Plant Phenology and Its Anthropogenic and Natural Influencing Factors in Densely Populated Areas During the Economic Transition Period of China

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peijun Ju ◽  
Wenchao Yan ◽  
Jianliang Liu ◽  
Xinwei Liu ◽  
Liangfeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Plant Phenology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Urban Management ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
The Impact

As a sensitive, observable, and comprehensive indicator of climate change, plant phenology has become a vital topic of global change. Studies about plant phenology and its responses to climate change in natural ecosystems have drawn attention to the effects of human activities on phenology in/around urban regions. The key factors and mechanisms of phenological and human factors in the process of urbanization are still unclear. In this study, we analyzed variations in xylophyta phenology in densely populated cities during the fast urbanization period of China (from 1963 to 1988). We assessed the length of the growing season affected by the temperature and precipitation. Temperature increased the length of the growing season in most regions, while precipitation had the opposite effect. Moreover, the plant-growing season is more sensitive to preseason climate factors than to annual average climate factors. The increased population reduced the length of the growing season, while the growing GDP increased the length of the growing season in most regions (8 out of 13). By analyzing the impact of the industry ratio, we found that the correlation between the urban management of emerging cities (e.g., Chongqing, Zhejiang, and Guizhou) and the growing season is more significant, and the impact is substantial. In contrast, urban management in most areas with vigorously developed heavy industry (e.g., Heilongjiang, Liaoning, and Beijing) has a weak and insignificant effect on plant phenology. These results indicate that different urban development patterns can influence urban plant phenology. Our results provide some support and new thoughts for future research on urban plant phenology.

Mercury contamination in the Carson River, Nevada: A preliminary study of the impact of mining wastes

1996 ◽  
Vol 92 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 391-408
Author(s):  
David M. Wayne ◽  
John J. Warwick ◽  
Paul J. Lechler ◽  
Gary A. Gill ◽  
W. Berry Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Mining Wastes ◽  
Carson River ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Of Mining
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