scholarly journals Fragilidade Ambiental e Zoneamento Ecológico Econômico da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Preto – Estado de Goiás – Brasil

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-87
Author(s):  
LORENA PAULA SILVA ◽  
◽  
ALÉCIO PERINI MARTINS
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Hydromorphic Soils ◽  
I 18 ◽  
Industrial Expansion ◽  
Production Increase ◽  
Production Zone

The Ecological-Economic Zoning (EEZ) is a territorial management instrument, a king of territory organization in zones which indicate activities that consider its potentialities and fragilities. The research analyzed in an integrated way the landscape of Rio Preto’s watershed, located in the south of Goiás State (Brazil) with the objective of proposing a zoning which ally environmental preservation and socioeconomic development. From the landscape analysis, five zones were delimited: 1) zone of restrict use (32%), characterized by remaining vegetation areas, slopes with strong/very strong dissection and hydromorphic soils; 2) urban industrial expansion one (0.53%); 3) consolidated sugar-energy production zone (19.47%), area which a power plant and its respective areas of sugarcane crops are localized; 4) zones of agrosilvopastoral use I (18%), characterized for being favorable to grains cultivation, forestry and pasture; 5) agrosilvopastoral zone use II (30%), with the same characteristics of the previous zone, however with the possibility of expansion of sugarcane plantation. It was proposed the creation of a belt of preservation unities taking advantage of the mountains, besides establishing ecological corridors all over Rio Preto, which would result in an average deadline on the water production increase.

Assessing desalination as a sustainable alternative using a multiple criteria decision support model

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Fernandes ◽  
M. C. Almeida ◽  
A. G. Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Decision Support Model

Desalination technologies provide an alternative for potable water production, having significant potential for application where fresh water scarcity exists. Potential benefits have to be balanced with other factors, such as high costs, high energy consumption, and significant environmental impacts, for the understanding of real risks and gains of desalination within the context of integrated water resources management. Multiple factors can be considered when analysing the viability of a desalination project but often a limited approach is used. The complexity in the analysis lies in finding the alternatives that obey to multiple objectives (e.g. reduced environmental impact, social acceptance, less cost associated). In this paper, development of a methodology based on multiple criteria decision support system for the evaluation and ranking the potential of desalination technologies is described and applied to a Portuguese case study. Relevant factors to the selection of desalination technologies were identified using SWOT analysis and the MACBETH (Measuring Attractiveness by a Categorical Based Evaluation Technique) approach was applied. Technical alternatives considered include reverse osmosis and multi-effect desalination (MED), together with energy production by fossil fuels or solar energy. Production of water by conventional approaches was also considered. Results, for non-economic benefits, show higher score for MED solar but, in the cost-benefit analysis, conventional methods of water production have higher ranking since costs of renewable energies are not yet competitive. However, even if not preferred in economic terms, desalination is ranked significantly above the conventional approaches for non-economic criteria.

scholarly journals Changes in Power Plant NOx Emissions over Northwest Greece Using a Data Assimilation Technique

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 900
Author(s):  
Ioanna Skoulidou ◽  
Maria-Elissavet Koukouli ◽  
Arjo Segers ◽  
Astrid Manders ◽  
Dimitris Balis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Filter Method ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Data Assimilation Technique

In this work, we investigate the ability of a data assimilation technique and space-borne observations to quantify and monitor changes in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions over Northwestern Greece for the summers of 2018 and 2019. In this region, four lignite-burning power plants are located. The data assimilation technique, based on the Ensemble Kalman Filter method, is employed to combine space-borne atmospheric observations from the high spatial resolution Sentinel-5 Precursor (S5P) Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) and simulations using the LOTOS-EUROS Chemical Transport model. The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service-Regional European emissions (CAMS-REG, version 4.2) inventory based on the year 2015 is used as the a priori emissions in the simulations. Surface measurements of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) from air quality stations operating in the region are compared with the model surface NO2 output using either the a priori (base run) or the a posteriori (assimilated run) NOx emissions. Relative to the a priori emissions, the assimilation suggests a strong decrease in concentrations for the station located near the largest power plant, by 80% in 2019 and by 67% in 2018. Concerning the estimated annual a posteriori NOx emissions, it was found that, for the pixels hosting the two largest power plants, the assimilated run results in emissions decreased by ~40–50% for 2018 compared to 2015, whereas a larger decrease, of ~70% for both power plants, was found for 2019, after assimilating the space-born observations. For the same power plants, the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) reports decreased emissions in 2018 and 2019 compared to 2015 (−35% and −38% in 2018, −62% and −72% in 2019), in good agreement with the estimated emissions. We further compare the a posteriori emissions to the reported energy production of the power plants during the summer of 2018 and 2019. Mean decreases of about −35% and−63% in NOx emissions are estimated for the two larger power plants in summer of 2018 and 2019, respectively, which are supported by similar decreases in the reported energy production of the power plants (~−30% and −70%, respectively).

Hybrid Solar-Geothermal Power Generation to Increase the Energy Production From a Binary Geothermal Plant

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Manente ◽  
Randall Field ◽  
Ronald DiPippo ◽  
Jefferson W. Tester ◽  
Marco Paci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Geothermal Fluid ◽  
Industrial Grade ◽  
Design Values

This article examines how hybridization using solar thermal energy can increase the power output of a geothermal binary power plant that is operating on geothermal fluid conditions that fall short of design values in temperature and flow rate. The power cycle consists of a subcritical organic Rankine cycle using industrial grade isobutane as the working fluid. Each of the power plant units includes two expanders, a vaporizer, a preheater and air-cooled condensers. Aspen Plus was used to model the plant; the model was validated and adjusted by comparing its predictions to data collected during the first year of operation. The model was then run to determine the best strategy for distributing the available geothermal fluid between the two units to optimize the plant for the existing degraded geofluid conditions. Two solar-geothermal hybrid designs were evaluated to assess their ability to increase the power output and the annual energy production relative to the geothermal-only case.

scholarly journals Social development of Russian nuclear power plant cities

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
V. A. Lazarenko
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Nuclear Power Industry ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City

The article presents the analysis of the influence of historical factors on the development of Russian cities of nuclear power industry and the genetic types of these cities. Most of these cities are young, their socioeconomic state depends on the city-forming enterprise. The formation and development of nuclear power plant (NPPs) cities went in two ways: the city was built in parallel with the nuclear power plant (e.g., Novovoronezh, Desnogorsk, Kurchatov); the NPP was built near the settlement, and then NPP has influenced on socioeconomic development of the settlement, its employment structure, etc. (Volgodonsk and Balakovo). In USSR/Russia practice, the first way dominated, when an urban-type settlement was built near a NPP, such settlement then intensively grew and developed into a city. There are three types of Russian cities with NPPs: the cities formed and developed before the construction of the NPP; the cities developed due to the operation of NPPs, and the cities created and developed due to the operation of NPPs. It was found that the factor of formation of nuclear power industry in the city is decisive in the social development of almost all cities of NPPs and affects their current state.

Cleaner Production in the Brazilian Sucroenergy Sector

2018 ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
Jéssica Patricia Corrêa Brunhara ◽  
Rosana Pereira Corrêa ◽  
Sergio Ricardo Mazini
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Cleaner Production ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Final Disposal ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Industrial Expansion ◽  
Environmental Agents

This chapter presents a discussion about the real role of companies as social and environmental agents, which is increasingly gaining momentum and timeliness. With industrial expansion and increasing pollution, it has become imperative that companies assume not only the role of producers of goods and services, but also those responsible for the implementation of environmental management systems and their instruments. The Cleaner Production is a process in the production process that helps in the environmental preservation, since it establishes the following order of priority for waste management: elimination - reduction - reuse - treatment - final disposal. In the sugar-energy sector, considered as one of the greatest precursors of environmental degradation by deforestation and burning, Cleaner Production is fundamental for the rational use of natural resources and for minimizing the environmental impacts caused by productive operations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Energy Production and Energy Yield Assessment Based on Feasibility, Design, and Execution of 3 × 50 MW Grid-Connected Solar PV Pilot Project in Nooriabad

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Jamil ◽  
Jinquan Zhao ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Rehan Jamil ◽  
Syed Furqan Rafique
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Utility Distribution ◽  
Annual Capacity ◽  
Utility Scale

The installation of 3 × 50 MW (150 MW DC) large utility scale solar power plant is ground based using ventilated polycrystalline module technology with fixed tilt angle of 28° in a 750-acre land, and the site is located about 115 km northeast of Karachi, Pakistan, near the town of ThanoBula Khan, Nooriabad, Sindh. This plant will be connected to the utility distribution system through a national grid of 220 kV outgoing double-loop transmission line. The 3 × 50 MW solar PV will be one of the largest tied grid-connected power projects as the site is receiving a rich average solar radiation of 158.7 kW/h/m2/month and an annual average temperature of about of 27°C. The analysis highlights the preliminary design of the case project such as feasibility study and PV solar design aspects and is based on a simulation study of energy yield assessment which has all been illustrated. The annual energy production and energy yield assessment values of the plant are computed using the PVSYST software. The assumptions and results of energy losses, annual performance ratio (PR) 74.73%, annual capacity factor 17.7%, and annual energy production of the plant at 232,518 MWh/year are recorded accordingly. Bear in mind that reference recorded data indicates a good agreement over the performance of the proposed PV power plant.

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