REDUCING CHILDHOOD EXPOSURE TO INDOOR AIR POLLUTION: THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF BEHAVIOUR CHANGE INTERVENTIONS

Background: Exposure to air pollution (IAP) from the combustion of solid fuels is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Pregnant women exposed to higher pollutant levels are at higher risk of delivering a low-birth-weight (LBW) baby. There is a lack of standardized data regarding the levels and types of specific pollutants and how they impact LBW. We aim to prospectively assess the association between ambient and indoor air pollution levels in pregnancy and low birth weight and understand the subsequent risk of adiposity in these infants. Methods: We will conduct a prospective cohort study of 516 pregnant women recruited before 18 weeks of gestation in the urban slums of Bangalore, who have voluntarily consented to participate. We will estimate the level of air pollutants including coarse particulate matter 10 ug/m3 (PM10 ), fine particulate matter 2.5 ug/m3(PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) parts per million (ppm) levels in both indoor and ambient environment. The follow-up of the delivered children will be done at delivery until the infant is two years old. The association between pollutants and LBW will be evaluated using logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders.Further, we will explore the mediation role of LBW in the hypothesized causal chain of air pollution and adiposity. Nested within a larger Maternal Antecedents of Adiposity and Studying the Transgenerational role of Hyperglycemia and Insulin (MAASTHI) cohort, we can estimate the absolute risk of having low birth weight caused by air pollution and other variables. Discussion: Understanding the association between exposures to ambient and indoor air pollution and low birth weight is essential in India. LBW babies have a higher risk of developing obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) during adulthood. The results from this study can inform the efforts for controlling the air pollution-related chronic diseases in India.

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Role of poverty in fuel choice and exposure to indoor air pollution in Pakistan

Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1080/1943815x.2015.1005105 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 107-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zaheer Ahmad Nasir ◽

Fowad Murtaza ◽

Ian Colbeck

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution

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Ambient and Indoor Air Pollution in Pregnancy and the risk of Low birth weight and Ensuing Effects in Infants (APPLE): A cohort study in Bangalore, South India

Wellcome Open Research ◽

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14830.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Prafulla Shriyan ◽

Giridhara R Babu ◽

Deepa Ravi ◽

Yamuna Ana ◽

Onno CP van Schayck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Exposure to air pollution (IAP) from the combustion of solid fuels is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Pregnant women exposed to higher pollutant levels are at higher risk of delivering a low-birth-weight (LBW) baby. There is a lack of standardized data regarding the levels and types of specific pollutants and how they impact LBW. We aim to prospectively assess the association between ambient and indoor air pollution levels in pregnancy and low birth weight and understand the subsequent risk of adiposity in these infants. Methods: We will conduct a prospective cohort study of 516 pregnant women recruited before 18 weeks of gestation in the urban slums of Bangalore, who have voluntarily consented to participate. We will estimate the level of air pollutants including coarse particulate matter 10 ug/m3 (PM10 ), fine particulate matter 2.5 ug/m3(PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) parts per million (ppm) levels in both indoor and ambient environment. The follow-up of the delivered children will be done at delivery until the infant is two years old. The association between pollutants and LBW will be evaluated using logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders.Further, we will explore the mediation role of LBW in the hypothesized causal chain of air pollution and adiposity. Nested within a larger Maternal Antecedents of Adiposity and Studying the Transgenerational role of Hyperglycemia and Insulin (MAASTHI) cohort, we can estimate the absolute risk of having low birth weight caused by air pollution and other variables. Discussion: Understanding the association between exposures to ambient and indoor air pollution and low birth weight is essential in India. LBW babies have a higher risk of developing obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) during adulthood. The results from this study can inform the efforts for controlling the air pollution-related chronic diseases in India.

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The role of indoor air pollution and other factors in the incidence of pneumonia in under-five children

Paediatrica Indonesiana ◽

10.14238/pi44.1.2004.25-9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 25 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sunyataningkamto Sunyataningkamto ◽

Iskandar Z ◽

Alan R T ◽

Budiman I ◽

Ahmad Surjono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Biomass Fuel ◽

World Health ◽

Under Five ◽

History Of ◽

Male Sex

Background The World Health Organization has asked for a spe-cial attention to the relation between pneumonia and indoor airpollution, i.e., household biomass fuel smoke, cigarette smoke,and mosquito coil smoke, especially in developing countries.Objective To analyze the role of indoor air pollution and otherfactors as risk factors for pneumonia in under-five-year children.Methods This case-control study was carried out from August un-til December 2000 at Public Health Centers in Banjarnegara,Kebumen, Jepara, and Pekalongan districts. All children qualify-ing pneumonia classification as recommended by WHO in IMCI(Integrated Management of Childhood Illness) were defined ascases and without pneumonia as controls. Severe pneumonia andno pneumonia (as classified in IMCI) were excluded. Statisticalanalysis was done using bivariate and logistic regression.Results There were three hundreds and five children with pneu-monia and 289 children without pneumonia. By bivariate analysis,biomass fuel smoke (OR=3.25; 95%CI 1.50;7.07) and cigarettesmoke exposure from other family members (OR=1.63; 95%CI1.11;2.38) were risk factors for pneumonia, while mosquito coilsmoke (OR=1.13; 95%CI 0.79;1.69) was not. History of wheezing(OR=2.60; 95%CI 2.7;8.55), malnutrition (OR=2.60; 95%CI1.33;5.07), and male sex (OR=1.47; 95%CI 1.06;2.04) were otherrisk factors.Conclusions Household biomass fuel smoke and cigarette smokewere risk factors for pneumonia. Other variables as risk factorswere history of wheezing, male sex, and malnutrition

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The impact of health behaviour change intervention on indoor air pollution indicators in the rural North West Province, South Africa

Journal of Energy in Southern Africa ◽

10.17159/2413-3051/2011/v22i3a3220 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 35-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Brendon Barnes ◽

Angela Mathee ◽

Elizabeth Thomas

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Behaviour Change ◽

Health Behaviour ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Control Group ◽

Pollution Indicators ◽

Health Behaviour Change ◽

The Impact

Indoor air pollution has been associated with a number of health outcomes including child lower respiratory infections such as pneumonia. Behavi-oural change has been promoted as a potential intervention strategy but very little evidence exists of the impact of such strategies on actual indoor air pollution indicators particularly in poor rural contexts. The aim of this study was to evaluate a community counselling intervention on stationary levels of PM10 and carbon monoxide (CO) as well as CO measured on children younger than five. Using a quasi-experimental design, baseline data was collected in an intervention (n=36) and a control (n=38) community; the intervention was implemented in the intervention community only; and follow-up data was collected one year later amongst the same households. Despite the fact that indoor air pollution was reduced in both communities, the intervention group performed significantly better than the control group when stratified by burning location. The net median reductions associated with the intervention were: PM10=57%, CO=31% and CO (child)=33% amongst households that burned indoor fires. The study provides tentative evidence that a health behaviour change is associated with reductions in child indoor air pollution exposure. The intervention is relatively inexpensive and easy to replicate. However, more powerful epidemiological studies are needed to determine the impact on health outcomes.

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