Ambient and Indoor Air Pollution in Pregnancy and the risk of Low birth weight and Ensuing Effects in Infants (APPLE): A cohort study in Bangalore, South India

Background: Exposure to air pollution (IAP) from the combustion of solid fuels is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Pregnant women exposed to higher pollutant levels are at higher risk of delivering a low-birth-weight (LBW) baby. There is a lack of standardized data regarding the levels and types of specific pollutants and how they impact LBW. We aim to prospectively assess the association between ambient and indoor air pollution levels in pregnancy and low birth weight and understand the subsequent risk of adiposity in these infants. Methods: We will conduct a prospective cohort study of 516 pregnant women recruited before 18 weeks of gestation in the urban slums of Bangalore, who have voluntarily consented to participate. We will estimate the level of air pollutants including coarse particulate matter 10 ug/m3 (PM10 ), fine particulate matter 2.5 ug/m3(PM2.5) and carbon monoxide (CO) parts per million (ppm) levels in both indoor and ambient environment. The follow-up of the delivered children will be done at delivery until the infant is two years old. The association between pollutants and LBW will be evaluated using logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders.Further, we will explore the mediation role of LBW in the hypothesized causal chain of air pollution and adiposity. Nested within a larger Maternal Antecedents of Adiposity and Studying the Transgenerational role of Hyperglycemia and Insulin (MAASTHI) cohort, we can estimate the absolute risk of having low birth weight caused by air pollution and other variables. Discussion: Understanding the association between exposures to ambient and indoor air pollution and low birth weight is essential in India. LBW babies have a higher risk of developing obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) during adulthood. The results from this study can inform the efforts for controlling the air pollution-related chronic diseases in India.

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Ambient and Indoor Air Pollution in Pregnancy and the risk of Low birth weight and Ensuing Effects in Infants (APPLE): A cohort study in Bangalore, South India

Wellcome Open Research ◽

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14830.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Prafulla Shriyan ◽

Giridhara R Babu ◽

Deepa Ravi ◽

Yamuna Ana ◽

Onno CP van Schayck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Absolute Risk ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Exposure to air pollution (IAP) from the combustion of solid fuels is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Pregnant women exposed to higher pollutant levels are at higher risk of delivering a low-birth-weight (LBW) baby. There is a lack of standardized data regarding the levels and types of specific pollutants and how they impact LBW. We aim to prospectively assess the association between ambient and indoor air pollution levels in pregnancy and low birth weight and understand the subsequent risk of adiposity in these infants. Methods: We will conduct a prospective cohort study of 516 pregnant women recruited before 18 weeks of gestation in the urban slums of Bangalore, who have voluntarily consented to participate. We will estimate the level of air pollutants including particulate matter (<10 μm, <2.5 μm) and carbon monoxide (CO) parts per million (ppm) levels in both indoor and ambient environment. The follow-up of the delivered children will be done at delivery until the infant is one year old. The association between pollutants and LBW will be evaluated using logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders.Further, we will explore the mediation role of LBW in the hypothesized causal chain of air pollution and adiposity. Nested within a large cohort titled "Maternal Antecedents of Adiposity and Studying the Transgenerational role of Hyperglycemia and Insulin (MAASTHI)", we can estimate the absolute risk of having low birth weight caused by air pollution and other variables. Discussion: Understanding the association between exposures to ambient and indoor air pollution and low birth weight is essential in India. LBW babies have a higher risk of developing obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) during adulthood. The results from this study can inform the efforts for controlling the air pollution-related chronic diseases in India.

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Influence of air pollution on birth weight

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh1110651s ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 139 (9-10) ◽

pp. 651-656 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aleksandra Stankovic ◽

Vladimir Mitrovic ◽

Radomir Zivadinovic

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Passive Smoking ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Public Healthcare ◽

Outdoor Air

Introduction. Epidemiological studies point out that exposure to air pollution during pregnancy is a risk for low birth weight. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of outdoor and indoor air pollution on the occurrence of low birth weight. Methods. The measurement of outdoor air pollutants, sulphur dioxide and black smoke was carried out daily at the Institute for Public Healthcare of Nis at two measuring locations, in Nis and Niska Banja during 2003. Subjects were 367 pregnant women, nonsmokers and who were not profesionally exposed to air pollution. Data on exposure to source of indoor air pollution (passive smoking and mode of heating) was determined on the basis of a questionnaire. Data on the characteristics of newborns were taken from the register of Obstetrics and Gyanecology Clinic of Nis. Results. We determined that exposure of pregnant women to outdoor air pollution and wood heating systems had influence on the occurence of low birth weight. Exposure to passive smoking had no influence on neonatal low birth weight. Conclusion. Exposure of pregnant women to outdoor and indoor air pollutants can have negative influence on the occurrence of low birth weight.

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Indoor air pollution and tobacco smoke exposure: impact on nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in mothers and infants in an African birth cohort study

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00052-2018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 00052-2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Aneesa Vanker ◽

Polite M. Nduru ◽

Whitney Barnett ◽

Felix S. Dube ◽

Peter D. Sly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Nasopharyngeal Carriage ◽

The Impact

Indoor air pollution (IAP) or environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure may influence nasopharyngeal carriage of bacterial species and development of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). The aim of this study was to longitudinally investigate the impact of antenatal or postnatal IAP/ETS exposure on nasopharyngeal bacteria in mothers and infants.A South African cohort study followed mother–infant pairs from birth through the first year. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken at birth, 6 and 12 months for bacterial culture. Multivariable and multivariate Poisson regression investigated associations between nasopharyngeal bacterial species and IAP/ETS. IAP exposures (particulate matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, volatile organic compounds) were measured at home visits. ETS exposure was measured through maternal and infant urine cotinine. Infants received the 13-valent pneumococcal andHaemophilus influenzaeB conjugate vaccines.There were 881 maternal and 2605 infant nasopharyngeal swabs. Antenatal ETS exposure was associated withStreptococcus pneumoniaecarriage in mothers (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 1.73 (95% CI 1.03–2.92)) while postnatal ETS exposure was associated with carriage in infants (aRR 1.14 (95% CI 1.00–1.30)) Postnatal particulate matter exposure was associated with the nasopharyngeal carriage ofH. influenzae(aRR 1.68 (95% CI 1.10– 2.57)) orMoraxella catarrhalis(aRR 1.42 (95% CI 1.03–1.97)) in infants.Early-life environmental exposures are associated with an increased prevalence of specific nasopharyngeal bacteria during infancy, which may predispose to LRTI.

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Indoor Air Pollution and Low Birth Weight- A Cross-Sectional Study

IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science ◽

10.9790/1959-03411622 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 16-22

Author(s):

Devkota N ◽

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

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INDOOR AIR POLLUTION FROM SOLID FUEL USE AND LOW BIRTH WEIGHT (LBW) IN PAKISTAN

Epidemiology ◽

10.1097/00001648-200509000-00215 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. S86 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A R. Siddiqui ◽

J Peerson ◽

K H. Brown ◽

E B. Gold ◽

K Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Solid Fuel ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Fuel Use

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EXPLORING INDOOR AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURE DURING PREGNANCY AND RISK OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IN SEBERANG ULU 1, PALEMBANG

Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat ◽

10.26553/jikm.2019.10.2.93-100 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 93-100

Author(s):

Dwi Septiawati ◽

Ani Nidia Listianti

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Indoor Air ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Air Pollution Exposure ◽

Exposure During Pregnancy ◽

Pollution Exposure

Adverse birth outcomes are determined by a complex combination of genetic, social, and environmental factors. Numerous studies have concluded an association exists between air pollution and low birth weight (LBW). This case-controlled study aimed to analyze the association by using 38 cases (mothers of LBW infants) and 40 controls (mothers of normal birth weight infants) in Seberang Ulu 1, Palembang City. Primary data related to indoor air pollution exposure during pregnancy was collected via structured interviews. The data was analyzed by performing chi-square and multiple logistic regressions within a risk factor model. Exposure to indoor air pollution during pregnancy was associated with the occurrence of LBW (chi-square test, p-value: 0.012, OR 3611 [95% CI 1.415 to 9.215]). No variables were found to have an interaction with the effects of indoor air pollution exposure during pregnancy and the occurrence of LBW. Exposure to indoor air pollution during pregnancy had the most significant impact on LBW occurrences after controlling for maternal age during pregnancy (multiple logistic regression, p-value: 0.019, OR 3.19 [95% CI 1, 21-8.406]). Keywords: Indoor air pollution, low birth weight, pregnancy,

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