scholarly journals (DON’T) HOLD YOUR BREATH: THE SOUTH AFRICAN COVID-19 VACCINE APPROVAL PROCESS AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

Obiter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisse Prinsen
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Good News ◽  
Approval Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
The Face ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Human Use ◽  
Roll Out

The world seemed to sigh in relief in early November 2020, when it was announced that the Covid-19 vaccine developed by Pfizer and BioNTech showed itself to be 90 per cent effective in early data analysis. This announcement was followed by one from Moderna Inc that its vaccine in development was showing to be almost 95 per cent effective. Soon after, numerous other companies announced the efficacy of their respective vaccines and roll-out plans and policies were made and even implemented.However, this sigh of relief was perhaps premature. Although these announcements were good news on the face of it, they also brought to light some concerns. The fast pace at which the vaccines were developed and made available for human use raises various ethical and legal issues as well as questions related to the safety and efficacy thereof. The correct dosage and timing of vaccination is still not fixed, vaccine expiration periods and the discovery of new variants of the Covid-19 virus has further added to these concerns. In addition, uncertainty exists regarding the approval process that should be followed for these vaccines. This last concern forms the focus of this note.

Sperm and Egg Donor Anonymity

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Glenn Cohen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Gamete Donation ◽  
Sperm Donor ◽  
Egg Donor ◽  
Gamete Donor ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Reproductive Tourism

Gamete donor anonymity has become an increasingly active area of legislative, bioethical, and empirical interest over the last decade or so. This chapter begins by detailing the very different status of gamete donor anonymity, contrasting the United States (where the law does not prohibit it) with the rest of the world (where it has been largely prohibited by law) and examining the effects of these policies. The chapter then examines the major arguments that have been offered in favor of and against mandating nonanonymous gamete donation. In particular, it focuses on the effects of removing anonymity on supply and arguments in favor of ending sperm donor anonymity based on the welfare of donor-conceived children or rights claims by them. The chapter also more briefly considers ethical and legal issues related to donor compensation, accidental incest, information reciprocity between donors and recipients, and reproductive tourism.

scholarly journals Declaração de posição telessaúde/Position statement telehealth

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-421
Author(s):  
World Federation of Occupational Therapist - WFOT ◽  
Kátia Maki Omura ◽  
Gonçalo Carreteiro
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Position Statement ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
World Federation ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
Challenges And Strategies

O presente manuscrito trata-se de uma tradução do posicionamento da Federação Mundial de Terapeutas Ocupacionais (WFOT) sobre o atendimento em telessaúde, esclarecendo as definições, os seus desafios e estratégias, trazendo o esclarecimento sobre questões éticas e legais sobre a modalidade de atendimento não presencial, além de destacar a abordagem centrada no cliente como estratégia profissional. AbstractThe present manuscript is a translation of the World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT) position statement on telehealth care, clarifying definitions, challenges and strategies, bringing clarification on ethical and legal issues regarding non- in person health care, in addition to highlighting the client-centered approach as a professional strategy.Key words: Telehealth; Occupational Therapy; Client-centredness in occupational therapy. ResumenEl presente manuscrito es una traducción de la declaración de posición de la Federación Mundial de Terapeutas Ocupacionales (WFOT, por sus siglas en inglés) sobre atención de telesalud, aclarando definiciones, desafíos y estrategias, brindando aclaraciones sobre cuestiones éticas y legales relacionadas con la atención de salud no en persona, además de destacar al cliente enfoque centrado como una estrategia profesional.Palabras clave: Telesalud; Terapia ocupacional; terapia ocupacional Centrado en el cliente.   

Sexuality, Allegory and Interpretation

2020 ◽  
pp. 203-228
Author(s):  
Howard J. Booth
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
The Political ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Pilgrim's Progress ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Arctic Summer

Both Damon Galgut’s Arctic Summer and E. M. Forster’s Maurice explore success achieved in the face of society’s hostility to homosexuality. This chapter addresses both novels in terms of allegory and utopian possibility. Whilst Galgut’s adoption of biofiction in Arctic Summer aims to utilize the political and creative possibilities found in early modernist writing, the text’s tight control of narrative form and use of allegory leads to problems – that apparent newness is in fact highly scripted and controlled. Spurred by this consideration of Arctic Summer, a new approach is taken to Maurice that emphasises its openness as a text. The reader is encouraged to engage with issues of interpretation, with Maurice’s own development showing him becoming adept at reading complex, pressured situations. John Bunyan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress is seen as an important intertext both for Maurice and the South African Anglophone tradition to which Galgut belongs. Using Walter Benjamin on natural history and allegory the chapter contends that Maurice, whilst maintaining its stress on how long-term same-sex relationships and cross-class love secure meaning in the world, also depicts a world that is always subject to change, loss and ruination.

scholarly journals V.—A Description of the Big Diamond recently found in the Premier Mine, Transvaal

1905 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Hatch ◽  
G. S. Corstorphine
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
The South ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Original Crystal ◽  
Actual Size

Great interest has been excited, not only in the Transvaal, but throughout the world, by the discovery at the Premier Mine, on Wednesday, the 25th January, 1905, of the largest diamond hitherto known. The stone was found by Mr. Wells, Surface Manager, in the yellow ground about 18 feet from the surface, a brilliant flash of light from a projecting corner having caught his attention. After a preliminary cleaning it weighs 3,024¾ carats. According to Gardner Williams the South African carat is equivalent to 3.174 grains; consequently the diamond weighs 9600.5 grains troy or 1.37 lbs. avoirdupois. Through the courtesy of the Directors of the Company, we have been enabled to make an examination of the stone, with the following result:—Roughly speaking, it measures. 4 by 2½12 by 2 inches; but its size and shape will be best realized by reference to the photographs reproduced on Plates VII and VIII, which represent the diamond from four different points of view and its actual size. These beautiful photographs were taken by Mr. E. H. V. Melvill for the purposes of this description. The stone is bounded by eight surfaces, four of which are faces of the original crystal, and will be referred to in this description under the letters A, B, C, D, and four are cleavage surfaces, the cleavage being of course parallel to the face of the octahedron. In the following description these cleavage surfaces are referred to under the letters E, F, G, H. They are distinguished from the original octahedral faces by greater regularity and smoothness.

scholarly journals Bioethical and Legal Issues in 3D Bioprinting

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kirillova ◽  
Stanislav Bushev ◽  
Aydar Abubakirov ◽  
Gennady Sukikh
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
3D Bioprinting ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Interdisciplinary Problems ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues

Bioethical and legal issues of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting as the emerging field of biotechnology have not yet been widely discussed among bioethicists around the world, including Russia. The scope of 3D bioprinting includes not only the issues of the advanced technologies of human tissues and organs printing but also raises a whole layer of interdisciplinary problems of modern science, technology, bioethics, and philosophy. This article addresses the ethical and legal issues of bioprinting of artificial human organs.

scholarly journals Dobra Nowina w środkach społecznego przekazu pod red. Henryka Sławińskiego, Ancilla Verbi, t. 10, Kraków 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 311-313
Author(s):  
Adam Kalbarczyk
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Good News ◽  
Important Goal ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Television Film ◽  
The Church

The Church must tirelessly seek appropriate means and language to effectively proclaim every person’s universal vocation to salvation. Today’s witnesses to the Gospel should use the potential of old and new means of communication in preaching and ministry. Above all, they should revive in themselves the courage to settle on ‘new areopaguses’. The most important goal of evangelization is to bring every person to an encounter with Christ, who is the main content of the proclaimed Good News. The authors of this monograph did not forget about it. By showing both the enormous possibilities and certain limitations of the new media in proclaiming the Gospel to the world, they first asked themselves whether those countless texts, images and sounds that fill today’s periodicals, radio, television, film truly reflect the face of Christ and let His voice be heard.

scholarly journals Elements of Roboethics

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Fiorella Operto
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Learning Capabilities ◽  
Ethical And Legal Issues ◽  
The Many ◽  
Advanced Robotics ◽  
Robotic Applications

AbstractRoboethics analyzes the ethical, legal and social aspects of robotics, especially with regard to advanced robotics applications. These issues are related to liability, the protection of privacy, the defense of human dignity, distributive justice and the dignity of work. Today, roboethics is becoming an important component in international standards for advanced robotics, and in various aspects of artificial intelligence. An autonomous robot endowed with deep learning capabilities shows specificities in terms of its growing autonomy and decision-making functions and, thus, gives rise to new ethical and legal issues. The learning models for a care robot assisting an elderly person or a child must be free of bias related to the selected attributes and should not be subject to any stereotypes unintentionally included in their design. As roboethics goes hand in hand with developments in robotics applications, it should be the concern of all actors in the field, from designers and manufacturers to users. There is one very important element in this—albeit one that is related indirectly—that should not be overlooked: namely, how robotics and robotic applications are represented to the general public. Of the many representations, the legacy of mythology, science fiction and the legend still play an important role. The world of robotics is often marked by icons and images from literature. Exaggerated expectations of their functions, magical descriptions of their behavior, over-anthropomorphization, insistence on their perfection and their rationality compared to that of humans are only some of the false qualities attributed to robotics.

Power of Darkness: Narrative and Biographical Reflexivity in A Series of Unfortunate Events

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-212
Author(s):  
ELIZABETH BULLEN
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Risk Society ◽  
Project Risk ◽  
Young Readers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Earning ◽  
Textual Culture ◽  
Children’S Exposure ◽  
Central Claim

This paper investigates the high-earning children's series, A Series of Unfortunate Events, in relation to the skills young people require to survive and thrive in what Ulrich Beck calls risk society. Children's textual culture has been traditionally informed by assumptions about childhood happiness and the need to reassure young readers that the world is safe. The genre is consequently vexed by adult anxiety about children's exposure to certain kinds of knowledge. This paper discusses the implications of the representation of adversity in the Lemony Snicket series via its subversions of the conventions of children's fiction and metafictional strategies. Its central claim is that the self-consciousness or self-reflexivity of A Series of Unfortunate Events} models one of the forms of reflexivity children need to be resilient in the face of adversity and to empower them to undertake the biographical project risk society requires of them.

Persons in a World of Things

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan L. Mittleman
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Classic Essay

This chapter focuses on the reality of persons in a world of things. It begins and ends with some relevant views drawn from the Jewish philosophers Buber (1878–1965), Heschel (1907–72), and Joseph B. Soloveitchik (1903–93). Framed by the Jewish concerns, it turns to a philosophical exploration of human personhood. The chapter begins by consiering Sellars's classic essay on the scientific and manifest images of “man-in-the-world.” Sellars shows how urgent and difficult it is to sustain a recognizable image of ourselves as persons in the face of scientism. With additional help from Nagel and Kant, it argues that persons cannot be conceptually scanted in a world of things. Notwithstanding the explanatory power of science, there is more to life than explanation. Explanation of what we are needs supplementing by a conception of who we are, how we should live, and why we matter. Those are questions to which Jewish sources can speak.

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