scholarly journals Communities of bacteria and fungi occurring in the rhizosphere of winter wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 361-363
Author(s):  
E. Patkowska ◽  
D. Pięta ◽  
A. Pastucha
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Wheat Rhizosphere ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Total Bacteria

The purpose of the present studies was to establish the species composition of fungi occurring on the underground parts of winter wheat, Kobra cv. and to determine the quantitative and qualitative composition of microorganisms developing in the rhizosphere of this plant. The mycological analysis of the infected roots and the stem base of winter wheat gave 320 fungi isolates. Fusarium spp. were most frequently isolated, and their proportion was 64.7% of all the fungi. This genus was represented by F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. equiseti, F. graminearum, F. oxysporum and F. solani. Among these species the dominating ones were F. avenaceum (19.4%) and F. culmorum (38.7%). The microbiological analysis of winter wheat rhizosphere gave the highest number of total bacteria (6.32 × 106 cfu/g of d.w. of soil). The number of Pseudomonas pp. was 3.56 × 106 cfu/g of d.w. of soil, and the number of Bacillus spp. was 2.42 × 106 cfu/g of d.w. of soil. Fusarium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani dominated within pathogenic fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of winter wheat.

scholarly journals Effect of root exudates of various plants on composition of bacteria and fungi communities with special regard to pathogenic soil-borne fungi

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Piętka ◽  
Elżbieta Patkowska
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Exudates ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Soybean Roots ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Soil Borne Fungi

The purpose of the studies conducted in the years 1996 - 1998 was to determine the composition of bacteria and fungi populations in the rhizosphere of winter wheat, spring wheat, soybean and potato, and in non-rhizosphere soil. Besides, the effect of root exudates of these plants on the formation of pathogenic fungi communities was established. The microbiological analysis showed that the greatest tolal number of bacteria was found in the rhizospheres of potato and soybean, and the lowest number in non-rhizosphere soil. The smallest total number of fungi was found in the rhizosphere of winter wheat, and the largest in the rhizosphere of soybean. Pathogenic fungi dominated in the rhizospheres of soybean and potato, while non-rhizosphere soil was the poorest in these microorganisms. Among the pathogenic fungi, <i>Fusarium oxysporum, F.culmorum</i> and <i>F.solani</i> were most frequently isolated. Soybean roots exudated the greatest amount of aminoacids, and acidic aminoacids, which have a positive effect on the development of phytopathogens, dominated in their content. On the other hand, the best quantitative and qualitative composition of aminoacids was found out in the root exudates of winter wheat, since they conlained big amounts of alkaline and aromatic aminoacids.

scholarly journals Survey of quality of swine feed mixes

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Masic ◽  
Dobrila Jakic-Dimic ◽  
Vidica Stanacev ◽  
Zlatan Sinovec
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Copper Manganese ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Swine Feed ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The paper presents the results of analyses of the chemical composition of 455 samples, microbiological analysis of 412 samples, and mucotoxicological analyses of 212 samples of feed mixes for different categories of swine which arrived for control at authorized laboratories from the territory of the Republic of Serbia during the period from 2000 until 2001. The analyses of 455 swine feed mix samples showed that as many as 185 feed mixes do not meet the quality condition on protein content envisaged by legal regulations, and the highest discrepancy was determined in feed mixes for piglets. Analyses of Ca, P and NaCl contents showed that the mixes in a large number of cases contain insufficient quantities, and in a considerable number even quantities which are not permitted. Analyses of the contents of certain microelements showed that mixes contain insufficient quantities in a large number of cases, especially of copper, manganese and zinc. The number of saprophytic bacteria greatly varied depending on the type of feed mix but all examined samples contained a permitted number of saprophytic bacteria. These analyses most often isolated Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., coliform bacteries, and Micrococcus spp.. Most examined samples contained a permitted number of clostridia, and a smaller number of samples mostly for piglets, showed an impermissible number of clostridia. The quantity of mold fungi in mixes was significantly higher in mixes for young animals, and the determination of fungi most frequently resulted in the isolation of Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp., Fusarium spp., and Mucor spp.. The mucotoxin analysis of 212 feed mixes showed that only 30.2% were within permitted levels, and the differences between the mixes for young and adult animals were not significant. The mucotoxins most often present were zearalenon and ochratoxin, and all mixes in which aflatoxin and trychotecenes were identified contained these toxins in quantities above permitted levels.

scholarly journals The formation of microorganism communities in the soil under the effect of chitosan and runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.) cultivation

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Pięta ◽  
Alina Pastucha ◽  
Henryk Struszczyk ◽  
Wiesław Wójcik
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Runner Bean ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The University

The subject of the studies was the soil with introduced solutions containing 0,1% chitosan. These materials were obtained from the Institute of Chemical Fibres in L6d2 (in the form of a microcrystalline gel) and also from the Department of Food Biochemistry and Chemistry of the University of Agriculture in Lublin (in a liquid form,i.e.dissolved in acetic acid). In order to set an experiment in a growth chamber, grey brown podzolic soil formed from loesses and taken from a mechanically treated belt of black fallow was used. The soil (1000 g) was watered every 8 days with 100 ml of examined chitosan solutions per pot. Control soil was watered with sterile distilled water. Seven days after each watering, soil samples were taken for microbiological analysis. Then 25 runner bean seeds were sown into each pot. After six weeks of plants' growth the experiment was finished and the number of plants was counted, their healthiness determined and soil microbiological analysis was performed. Regardless of chitosan form introduced to the soil it stimulated the growth of bacteria and fungi, since in these experimental combinations was found a significantly higher number of microorganisms as compared with the control. A particular high increase in the number of microorganism colonies was observed with simultaneous growth of plants and the application of chitosan. A considerable increase of fungi colonies from the <i>Trichoderma</i> genus was found in the soil treated with chitosan in the form ofboth a microcrystalline gel and a liquid. The species of this genus are considered to be antagonists; it affects pathogenic fungi through competition, antibiosis and over-parasitism. An increase in colonies of saprophytic microorganisms, including antagonistic ones of <i>Bacillus</i> spp. and Pseudomonas spp. was observed in the soil treated with chitosan . On the other hand, in the soil after the growth of bean and treated watered with chitosan only few colonies of <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f.sp. <i>phaseoli</i>- bean pathogen were found. The healthiness of plants grown in soil treated with chitosan was significantly better as compared to the control. The populations of antagonistic microorganisms formed in the soil in these treatments probably limited the growth of pathogenic fungus.

scholarly journals MICROBIAL COUNTS OF DARK RED LATOSOL SAMPLES STORED AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES

1998 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Cleber Sousa Vieira ◽  
Ely Nahas
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Total Bacteria

The number of colony forming units (CFU) of different groups of bacteria and fungi in samples stored at temperatures of 5 to -12oC for 0-32 weeks was evaluated. The number of CFU obtained after the different periods of storage of red latossol soil was compared with the number of colonies obtained immediately after removal of soil samples (time zero). The number of total bacteria and actinomycetes in the samples remained practically unchanged throughout the storage period. The number of Gram-negative bacteria decreased by as much as 69% compared to control, while the number of Bacillus spp and of fungi increased 1.9 to 4.9 times starting from the 12th week in samples stored at 5oC. Except for the variations observed in fungal counts, the remaining groups of bacteria practically showed the same variation in number of colonies in soil samples stored at 5oC and -12oC.

scholarly journals Size and Shape-Dependent Antimicrobial Activities of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles: A Model Study as Potential Fungicides

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis J. Osonga ◽  
Ali Akgul ◽  
Idris Yazgan ◽  
Ayfer Akgul ◽  
Gaddi B. Eshun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Silver And Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Plant-based pathogenic microbes hinder the yield and quality of food production. Plant diseases have caused an increase in food costs due to crop destruction. There is a need to develop novel methods that can target and mitigate pathogenic microbes. This study focuses on investigating the effects of luteolin tetraphosphate derived silver nanoparticles (LTP-AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (LTP-AuNPs) as a therapeutic agent on the growth and expression of plant-based bacteria and fungi. In this study, the silver and gold nanoparticles were synthesized at room temperature using luteolin tetraphosphate (LTP) as the reducing and capping agents. The synthesis of LTP-AgNPs and LTP-AuNP was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and size distribution. The TEM images of both LTP-AgNPs and LTP-AuNPs showed different sizes and shapes (spherical, quasi-spherical, and cuboidal). The antimicrobial test was conducted using fungi: Aspergillus nidulans, Trichaptum biforme, Penicillium italicum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, while the class of bacteria employed include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, and Citrobacter freundii as Gram (−) bacteria, and Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus epidermidis as Gram (+) bacterium. The antifungal study demonstrated the selective size and shape-dependent capabilities in which smaller sized spherical (9 nm) and quasi-spherical (21 nm) AgNPs exhibited 100% inhibition of the tested fungi and bacteria. The LTP-AgNPs exhibited a higher antimicrobial activity than LTP-AuNPs. We have demonstrated that smaller sized AgNPs showed excellent inhibition of A. nidulans growth compared to the larger size nanoparticles. These results suggest that LTP-AuNP and LTP-AgNPs could be used to address the detection and remediation of pathogenic fungi, respectively.

Identifying the Fusarium spp. infestation in winter wheat based on RGB imaginary

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.G. Peteinatos ◽  
M. Sökefeld ◽  
J. Machleb ◽  
K. Cambel ◽  
R. Gerhards
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Spp

scholarly journals Microbiological analysis of commonly used toothpaste samples in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
Mousumi Talukder ◽  
Ifra Tun Nur
Keyword(s):  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Great Public Health

Present study attempted to identify and enumerate microorganisms spoiling commonly used toothpaste samples. Among 7 brand of toothpaste, almost all were found to be rigorously contaminated with total viable bacteria within a range of 103 – 105 cfu/g. Proliferation of fungal species was observed up to 105 cfu/g. Prevalence of Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. was observed within a range of 103-105 cfu/g while Vibrio spp. were completely absent. Among the enteric bacteria, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. was found in all the samples tested. Such findings highlighted a great public health risk associated with dental diseases among the users and thereby specified the importance to introduce a proper guideline in maintaining good microbiological quality for such daily usage healthcare products. Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.8(1) 2018: 38-40

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