Effects of freeze-thaw on soil properties and water erosion

Freeze-thaw erosion occurs primarily at high latitudes and altitudes. Temperature controlled freeze-thaw events dislodge soil particles and serve as a catalyst for erosion. This review paper provided an overview of the effects of freeze-thaw on soil properties and water erosion. The process of freeze-thaw cycles results in temporary and inconsistent changes in the soil moisture, and affects the soil’s mechanical, physical and chemical properties, such as the soil moisture content, porosity, bulk density, aggregates stability, shear strength and organic matter content and so on. The variation trend and range of the soil properties were related to the soil texture, water content and freeze-thaw degree. Furthermore, the soil erosion was affected by the freeze-thaw processes, as thawing and water erosion reinforce each other. However, research of different experimental conditions on indoor simulations have numerous limitations compared with field experiments. The use of indoor and field experiments to further reveal the freeze-thaw effect on the soil erosion would facilitate improved forecasting.

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Using Microwave Soil Heating to Inhibit Invasive Species Seed Germination

Invasive Plant Science and Management ◽

10.1017/inp.2017.29 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 262-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mélissa De Wilde ◽

Elise Buisson ◽

Nicole Yavercovski ◽

Loïc Willm ◽

Livia Bieder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Soil Moisture ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Invasive Plant ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Matter Content ◽

Burial Depth ◽

Experimental Conditions

Successful invasive plant eradication is rare, because the methods used target the adult stage, not taking into account the development capacity of a large seedbank. Heating by microwave was considered, because it offers a means to quickly reach the temperature required for loss of seed viability and inhibition of germination. Previous results were not encouraging, because homogeneous and deep-wave penetration was not achieved, and the various parameters that can affect treatment effectiveness were incompletely addressed. This study aimed to determine, under experimental conditions, the best microwave treatment to inhibit invasive species seed germination in terms of power (2, 4, 6 kW) and duration (2, 4, 8 min) of treatments and depending on soil moisture (10%, 13%, 20%, 30%) and seed burial depth (2, 12 cm). Three invasive species were tested: Bohemian knotweed, giant goldenrod, and jimsonweed. The most effective treatments required relatively high power and duration (2kW8min, 4kW4min, 6kW2min, and 6kW4min; 4kW8min and 6kW8min were not tested for technical reasons), and their effectiveness diminished with increasing soil moisture with germination percentage between 0% and 2% for the lowest soil moisture, 0% and 56% for intermediate soil moisture, and 27% and 68% in control treatments. For the highest soil moisture, only 2kW8min and 4kW4min reduced germination percentage between 2% and 19%. Occasionally, germination of seeds located at the 12-cm depth was more strongly affected. Giant goldenrod seeds were the most sensitive, probably due to their small size. Results are promising and justify further experiments before developing a field microwave device to treat large volumes of soil infested by invasive seed efficiently and with reasonable energy requirements. Other types of soil, in terms of texture and organic matter content, should be tested in future experiments, because these factors influence soil water content and, consequently, microwave heating.

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HUBUNGAN KESUBURAN TANAH DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN

Jurnal Solum ◽

10.25077/js.7.1.27-36.2010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Asmar Asmar ◽

Amrizal Saidi ◽

Masliyunas Masliyunas

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Gravimetric Method ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Soil Physical Properties ◽

Matter Content ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Organic C

A research about relationship between soil properties and crop yield was conducted in Pandai Sikek, Tanah Datar Region, center for cabbage and carrot production, West Sumatra in 2004 and 2005. Soil samples were collected from rainfed paddy soils by purposive random sampling. Soil samples were analyzed in Soil Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty and Agriculture Polytechnique Laboratory, Andalas University. Several soil physical properties analysed were soil bulk density and total soil pores by using gravimetric method, permeability with de Boodt method, soil water content at several pF values using pressure plate apparatus, and soil strength by using penetrometer. Soil chemical parameters analysed were soil pH using pH-meter, organic-C using Walkley and Black, available P using Bray II, and cation exchange capacity using NH4-leaching at pH 7.0, and N-total using Kjehdhal method. Crop productions were sampled from a 3x3 m2 of soil sampling area. The result showed that soils planted by cabbage and carrot had good soil physical properties, such as having balanced pore size distribution. The chemical properties of the soils were good as well, except N, K- and Ca-exchangeable which were very low. The other soil properties were quite good. Soil physical properties gave different response on both crops. Carrots were more response aeration pore and soil organic matter content, then cabbage was more response on BV, TSP, and slow drainage pores. While soil chemical properties did not give significant response. Both crops responded on Ca, but cabbage was more response on N-total, and carrot on CEC and saturated cationKey Words: Soil Physical Properties, Soil Fertility, Crop Productivity

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Municipal Sewage Sludge application on cotton cultivations. Effect on yields soil chemical properties and heavy metal concentrations

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.002665 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Matter Content ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Cotton Yield

<p>Application of municipal sewage sludge (MSS) to agricultural soils is a current practice in EU. European legislation permits its use in agriculture when concentrations of metals in soil do not exceed the maximum permissible limits. In order to study the influence of MSS on cotton yield and soil properties, a filed experiment was conducted in a soil classified as Typic Xerochrepts located in Lamia area, central Greece, for two consecutive years. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with four treatments: Control (C ), inorganic fertilization (IF), application of 6000 dry kg ha-1 MSS, and 10000 dry SS kg ha-1, each replicated 4 times. The results showed that MSS application in both rates, increased significantly cotton yield compared to control equally to inorganic fertilization. Soil properties, at the end of the second year of MSS application, were significantly affected by MSS application in a positive way i.e. pH decreased slightly, but organic matter content, available phosphorus, total nitrogen concentrations exchangeable potassium and available zinc and copper increased significantly. The potentially toxic elements lead, chromium, and nickel were not significantly affected by MSS application in both application rates compared to control.</p>

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O papel da matéria orgânica e dos agregados na erodibilidade dos solos

Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ ◽

10.11137/1990_0_43-52 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 43-52

Author(s):

Antonio José Teixeira Guerra

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Erosion ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Vegetation Cover ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Matter Content

The present study regards the significance of organic matter content and aggregates on soil erosion. Other soil properties, vegetation cover and erosivity are also taken into consideration. The study is carried out in Rogate, Southeast England.

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The Impact of Potassium Sources and Bio Fertilizer on Corn Plant and Potassium Availability in Calcareous Soil

Asian Soil Research Journal ◽

10.9734/asrj/2021/v5i130099 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 27-37

Author(s):

Basma R. A. Rashwan ◽

Alaa Eldeen A. Shaheen

Keyword(s):

Calcareous Soil ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Matter Content ◽

Bacillus Circulans ◽

Available N ◽

The Impact

Two field experiments were conducted in a calcareous soil during summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 at the experimental in a private farm Mallawi, El- Minia Governorate, Egypt to evaluate application of K fertilization at different rates of K2SO4 and non-classic products, i.e. K feldspar, mixture with or without inoculation with the K dissolving bacteria (Bacillus circulans.) soil chemical properties, plant growth, yield and nutritional value of corn (Zea-maize hybrid third 310). Our results proved that inoculation of maize seeds with Bacillus circulans at rate of 36% K2O improved soil pH, EC, soil organic matter content and enhanced the soil available N, P and K concentrations. Also, the growth parameters, yield and nutritional status of the plants were significantly increased by using non-traditional potassium fertilizers particularly in the case of seed inoculated with potassium dissolving bacteria (Bacillus circulans).

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The relative unimportance of certain soil properties as dererminants of growth of forage oats

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9660402 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 6 (23) ◽

pp. 402 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

WM McArthur ◽

JL Wheeler ◽

DW Goodall

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

South Wales ◽

Field Experimentation ◽

Sampling Procedures

In two field experiments at Armidale, in the northern tablelands of New South Wales, on a range of grey-brown and yellow podzolic soils, it was shown that production of forage oats was largely independent of soil morphological properties. The properties recorded were colour and thickness of horizons, proportion of ferruginous inclusions, bulk density of A horizons, and several properties associated with organic matter content. In the first experiment, under fertilized conditions, yield was related to moisture supply, and in the second, without added fertilizer, yield was related to per cent moisture content at field capacity, exchangeable calcium, and darkness (Munsell value) of the surface soil. Interrelationships between soil properties were mainly as a result of organic matter content. These findings have implications in soil surveys for land use, sampling procedures, and field experimentation.

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Decomposition of plant material in Australian soils .IV. Decomposition in situ of 14C labeled and 15N labeled legume and wheat materials in a range of southern Australian soils

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9870095 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 95 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

M Amato ◽

JN Ladd ◽

A Ellington ◽

G Ford ◽

JE Mahoney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Wheat Straw ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Matter Content ◽

Organic N ◽

Root Decomposition ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Organic C

14C- and 15N-labelled wheat straw, and tops or roots of a pasture legume (either Medicago littoralis or Trifolium subterraneum) were incorporated into topsoils at 12 field sites in southern Australia. These sites were representative of soil types widely used for wheat growing in each region. The soils varied markedly in their physical and chemical properties (e.g. pH, texture and organic matter content). Based on amounts of residual I4C (averaged for all sites), the legume tops decomposed more extensively than did wheat straw, especially soon after incorporation. To a lesser extent the legume tops decomposed more extensively than legume roots, and T. subterraneum tops more than M. littoralis tops; root decomposition for both legumes was similar. For example, after 1 year, the residual organic 14C from wheat straw, M. littoralis tops, T. subterraneum tops and legume roots accounted for 48%, 41%, 38% and 54% of their respective inputs. After two years, residual 14C of wheat straw accounted for 30% of the input. Differences in decomposition due to climate and soil properties were generally small, but at times were statistically significant; these differences related positively with rainfall and negatively with soil clay content, but showed no relationship with pH or soil organic C and N. Some N was mineralized from all plant materials, the greatest from legume tops, the least from wheat straw. After 1 year, residual organic 15N accounted for 56%, 63% and 78% respectively of input l5N from legume tops and roots and from wheat straw. The influence of climate and soil properties on amounts of residual organic I5N was small and generally was consistent with those found for residual 14C. AS an exception, the residual organic 15N from wheat straw was negatively related to soil organic N levels, whereas residual I5N of legume tops and roots and residual 14C of all plant materials were not influenced by soil organic matter levels. These results are discussed in terms of the turnover of N in soils amended with isotope labelled plant materials of different available C:N ratios.

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The Influence Mechanism of Freeze-Thaw on Soil Erosion: A Review

Water ◽

10.3390/w13081010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1010

Author(s):

Lei Zhang ◽

Feipeng Ren ◽

Hao Li ◽

Dongbing Cheng ◽

Baoyang Sun

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Structure ◽

Large Scale ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Freeze Thaw ◽

Freeze And Thaw ◽

Influence Mechanism

As an important type of soil erosion, freeze-thaw erosion occurs primarily at high latitude and altitude. The overview on the effect of freeze-thaw on soil erosion was provided. Soil erosion was affected by freeze-thaw processes, as thawing and water erosion reinforce each other. Remote sensing provided an unprecedented approach for characterizing the timing, magnitude, and patterns of large-scale freeze-thaw and soil erosion changes. Furthermore, the essence of soil freeze-thaw was the freeze and thaw of soil moisture in the pores of soil. Freeze-thaw action mainly increased soil erodibility and made it more vulnerable to erosion by destroying soil structure, changing soil water content, bulk density, shear strength and aggregate stability, etc. However, the type and magnitude of changes of soil properties have been related to soil texture, water content, experimental conditions and the degree of exposure to freeze-thaw. The use of indoor and field experiments to further reveal the effect of freeze-thaw on soil erosion would facilitate improved forecasting, as well as prevention of soil erosion during thawing in regions with freeze-thaw cycles.

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Assessment of Soil Properties Under Different Land Use Types in Olokemeji Forest Reserves in Ogun State Southwestern Nigeria

Journal of Bioresource Management ◽

10.35691/jbm.0202.0141 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 73-84

Author(s):

OLUWATOYIN OPEYEMI AKINTOLA ◽

ADEWUNMI IDAYAT BODEDE ◽

MICHAEL MICHAEL ◽

AYODEJI GIDEON ADEBAYO ◽

OLAWALE NUREAN SULAIMAN

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Matter Content ◽

Natural Forest ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Forest Plantation ◽

Southwestern Nigeria ◽

Significant Difference

Knowledge of soil properties is essential for environmental sustainability for any forest reserve or plantation. The physical and chemical properties of soil under three different land uses was investigated to assess the nutrient and fertility status of the soils. Fifteen soil samples, each collected from different locations within the natural forest, plantation and farm land were analyzed for soil texture, bulk density, porosity, pH, organic carbon, organic matter content, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn. Texturally, the soils were loamy, loamy sand and sandy loamy in the natural forest, plantation and farmland respectively. There was a significant difference between the three different soils in composition and texture.

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The Combined Effect of Biochar and Mineral Fertilizer on Triticale Yield, Soil Properties under Different Tillage Systems

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants11010111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 111

Author(s):

Luiza Usevičiūtė ◽

Edita Baltrėnaitė-Gedienė ◽

Dalia Feizienė

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Matter Content ◽

Npk Fertilizers ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Tillage System ◽

Direct Drilling

This study examined the effect of study time, biochar dose, and fertilization-tillage system on the improvement of sandy loam physical-chemical properties and triticale grain yield. The soil properties (water holding capacity (WHC), wettability, moisture content (MC), organic matter content (SOM), pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) were monitored in short time intervals (after 3, 6, 12, and 24 months). Soil was tilled in two methods (shallow ploughless tillage and direct drilling), fertilized with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizers, and amended with three hydrophobic pine wood biochar doses (0 t/ha; 5 t/ha; 15 t/ha). It was found that 15 t/ha biochar dose had the highest effect on the soil’s physical-chemical properties improvement (SOM increased by 33.7%, pH—by 6.84%, EC—by 23.4%, WHC—by 8.48%, and MC—by 21.8%) compared to the variants without biochar. Direct drilling, fertilization with NPK fertilizers and 15 t/ha biochar dose significantly influenced the rise of soil’s physical-chemical properties and triticale yield (3.51 t/ha).

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