scholarly journals Exposition of working and natural environment to noise during timber transport by helicopter MIL MI-8 in Carpathian region of Slovakia

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
V. Messingerová ◽  
J. Tajboš

This paper includes the results of noise measurements during timber transport by helicopter MI-8 in The High Tatras conditions in 2005. Using this highly efficient timber skidding technology with multiple positive environmental properties causes an unwanted effect – air-traffic noise. The objective of this paper is to quantify the level of noise effect for two correlated groups; noise effecting workers and noise effecting environment. The highest values measured in the worst conditions reached 90–100 dB (A).

Author(s):  
Sarah Weidenfeld ◽  
Sandra Sanok ◽  
Rolf Fimmers ◽  
Marie-Therese Puth ◽  
Daniel Aeschbach ◽  
...  

Field studies on traffic noise-induced annoyance have predominantly used estimated outside noise levels. We intended to complement existing knowledge with exposure–response relationships that are based on precise indoor noise measurements. Acoustic recordings inside the bedrooms of nightly road traffic and annoyance ratings in the following morning were obtained from 40 suburban residents (mean age 29.1 years ± 11.7; 26 females). We derived exposure–response functions for the probability to be “annoyed at least a little” (%LA). Further analyses compared data from the current study with those from two earlier studies on railway and aircraft noise. Annoyance increased with the number of traffic events and the equivalent sound pressure level. The inclusion of non-acoustical factors (such as assessment of road transport) improved the prediction considerably. When comparing the different traffic noise sources, %LA was higher for road than for air traffic at a given LAeq,night, but higher for road and railway than for air traffic at a given number of noise events. Acoustical as well as non-acoustical factors impact short-term annoyance induced by road, railway, and air traffic. Annoyance varies across noise sources, which may be due to differences in acoustical characteristics or in the temporal noise distribution throughout the night.


Author(s):  
J. Donald Hughes

This chapter deals with ancient warfare and the environment. Hunting was often been considered as a form of warfare, and art frequently portrayed humans in battle with animals. Armed conflict had its direct influences on the environment. Along with damage to settled agriculture, warfare had affected other lands such as pastures, brush lands, and forests. It is noted that birds, pigs, bears, rodents, snakes, bees, wasps, scorpions, beetles, assassin bugs, and jellyfish have been employed as weaponized animals in ancient warfare, which, in the Mediterranean area and Near East, had vital environmental properties. The direct effects of battle have been shown by ancient historians, but just as important were the influences of the military-oriented organization of societies on the natural environment and resources.


Author(s):  
Regina Gražulevičienė ◽  
Inga Bendokienė

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of truck traffic on acoustic pollution in two Kaunas districts crossed by highways‐ Eiguliai and Šilainiai. Composition of traffic flow and noise measurements were conducted near the main streets and national highways that cross the districts. GIS and statistical software SPSS 12.01 were used for the data analysis. The study results showed that mean noise level near the main streets was 70 dB(A) in the daytime,‐ 68.6 dB(A) in the evening and at night it was 61.1 dB(A) in Eiguliai, and in Šilainiai it was 67 dB(A), 65 dB(A) and 58 dB(A), correspondingly. On the highways, crossing the districts, heavy vehicles compose about 3 times higher part of total traffic flow during the day and about 2 times in the evening compared to other main streets. The noise level depended on the traffic flow and correlation coefficient fluctuated from 0.77 to 0.85. The modelling of traffic flow showed, that the increase of trucks proportion by 2 percent would increase the traffic noise by 1.1 dB(A) in the streets with traffic flow of 300 veh./hour or more, and by 1.8 dB(A) with traffic flow of 200 veh./hour or less. Our findings suggest that the influence of heavy vehicles on acoustic pollution is higher in the districts with lower traffic flow. Santrauka Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti krovininio autotransporto įtaką akustinei taršai Kauno mikrorajonuose, kuriuos kerta respublikinės reikšmės magistralės – Islandijos plentas ir vakarinis lankstas. Aplinkos triukšmo lygis ir transporto srautų intensyvumas Eigulių ir Šilainių seniūnijoje buvo matuotas 34 taškuose – dieną, vakare ir naktį. Duomenims apdoroti taikyta geografinių informacinių (GIS) sistemų technologijos, SPSS 12.0.1 ir Statistica 15 statistinės analizės paketai. Tyrimų rezultatai: vidutinis ekvivalentinis triukšmo lygis Eigulių seniūnijoje dieną prie pagrindinių gatvių siekė 70 dBA, vakare – 68,6 dBA, o naktį – 61,1 dBA ir iš esmės nesiskyrė nuo Šilainių seniūnijos, atitinkamai 67 dBA, 65 dBA ir 58 dBA. Magistraliniuose keliuose, kertančiuose Eigulių ir Šilainių seniūnijas, vidutinis transporto srautų intensyvumas dieną ir vakare buvo 5 kartus, naktį 6 kartus didesnis nei vidutinis srautų intensyvumas pagrindinėse gatvėse tuo pačiu metu, o krovininio autotransporto dalis dieną 3 kartus, o vakare 2 kartus viršijo vidutinius pagrindinių gatvių srautus. Nustatyta sąsaja tarp transporto srautų intensyvumo ir triukšmo lygio: Eigulių seniūnijos dienos koreliacijos koeficientas buvo 0,85, vakaro ir nakties – 0,83, o Šilainių seniūnijos – atitinkamai 0,78, 0,77 ir 0,80. Transporto srautų sudėties modeliavimo duomenimis, padidėjus krovininio transporto proporcijai 2 %, gatvėse, kuriose transporto srautas didesnis nei 300 aut./val., triukšmo lygis padidėtų 1,1 dBA, o kur transporto srautas mažesnis nei 200 aut./val., triukšmo lygis padidėtų 1,8 dBA (koreliacijos koeficientas – 0,63). Krovininio transporto įtaka akustinei taršai didesnė mikrorajonuose, kuriuose transporto srautai nedideli. Резюме Целью данной работы было изучить влияние грузового автотранспорта на акустическое загрязнение в микрорайонах города Каунаса, которые пересекают трассы государственного значения. Это шоссе Исландиос и объезд Вакаринис. Состав транспортного потока определялся и уровень шума измерялся около главных улиц микрорайонов. Результаты исследования показали, что средний уровень шума днем был 70 dBA, вечером – 68,6 dBA, ночью – 61,1 dBA. На трассах государственного значения, пересекающих микрорайоны, по сравнению с другими улицами потоки грузовых автомобилей были в 3 раза больше днем и 2 раза больше вечером. Установлена зaвисимость между величиной транспортного потока и шума (r = 0,77–0,85). Моделирование состава транспортного потока показало, что при увеличении на улицах грузового транспорта на 2% с 300 авт./час и больше шум увеличивается на 1,1 dBA, а при количестве грузового транспорта, составляющем 200 авт./час и меньше, шум возрастает на 1,8 dBA. Влияние грузового автотранспорта на акустическое загрязнение больше в микрорайонах с небольшим транспортным потоком.


2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (4-6) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Oleg Adamenko ◽  
Ivan Kovbaniuk ◽  
Mykola Mosiuk

The Ice Age Geopark (IAG) is a landscape and architectural model of the ancient Late Pleistocene (45-11 kya BP) natural environment of the last epoch of Vistula (Würm, Valdai) glaciation when giant animals of the so-called mammoth fauna inhabited the study area. Today, it is a natural geological landmark ‘Starunia’, which acquired this status in 1984. In addition to fossil mammals, among the IAG’s objects are eleven types of mineralized water sources, the only active mud volcano in the Carpathians, a number of oil volcanoes, a gas flare burning from the 1940s over the borehole ‘Nadiia’, and the remains of concrete foundations of oil boreholes and others. The first carcasses of mammoth Mammuthus primigenius Blum., embalmed with salt and bitumen, and woolly rhinoceros Rinoceros antignitatis Bium were recovered from the depths of 12.5 m and 17.6 м, respectively, from the mine №4 (“Mammoth”) during the development of the ozokerite deposit in 1907 on the SW border of the Starunia village, Bohorodchany district Ivano-Frankivsk region. In 1929, an expedition of the Academy of Arts and Sciences from Krakiw, investigating the mine at the depth of 17 m, found the remains of three woolly rhinoceroses. Such artifacts became the objects of the proposal to create an Ice Age Geopark in Starunia, the project of which was completed in 2006 by Associate Professor D.O. Zorin and Head of Starunia village I.V. Mosiuk. The natural environment of mammoth fauna – periglacial tundra – was reconstructed by joint Ukrainian-Polish expeditions of 2004–2005 and 2007–2009 using the methods of palynological, paleocarpological, malacofauna analyses and determination of the absolute age by 14C dating. (M. Kotarba, R. Stakhovych-Rybka, T. Sokolovskyi, etc.). In 2019, an ecological-cultural project “Small Cities – Great Impressions” of the Starunia Village Council and the Association of Village, Town Councils and United Communities of Ukraine, the Ministry of Culture of Ukraine with the participation of the Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas was implemented. To simulate the figures of mammoth, rhino, deer and hunter-cutter the technique of Topiar Art, known since Roman times was used. On October 26, 2019, the Festival-opening of IAG was held with ca. 17,000 visitors. The real implementation of the scientific idea has begun.


2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
Tomas Astrauskas ◽  
Raimondas Grubliauskas

Speed table is an artificial road (street) surface irregularity, which is used to reduce speed of road traffic or maintain allowed speed limit in road (street) section. These measures are used to reduce risk for pedestrians by reducing speed of passing vehicles. Before speed table, vehicles usually reduce speed, after passing it, vehicles usually increase their speed and this could increase traffic noise. Measurements were carried out during the day time in L. Asanavičiūtės Street 5, Vilnius. Measurements were divided into two parts, inside the residential apartment building and in its environment. Near the speed table recorded sound level was 69 dB, inside the residential apartment building noise level was approximately 41 dB. In this paper speed table influence on traffic noise propagation in residential area is investigated. Greičio mažinimo priemonė – dirbtinis kelio (gatvės) dangos nelygumas, skirtas transporto priemonių greičiui sumažinti arba leistinam greičiui palaikyti kelio (gatvės) ruože. Šių įrenginių paskirtis yra sumažinti pavojų pėstiesiems mažinant važiuojančių automobilių greitį. Automobiliai prieš greičio mažinimo priemonę greitį sumažina, pervažiavę ją, dažniausiai vėl didina greitį, todėl transporto keliamas triukšmas gali padidėti. Tyrimai buvo atlikti dienos metu L. Asanavičiūtės g. 5, Vilniuje. Tyrimai buvo išskirti į dvi dalis: tyrimai gyvenamojo pastato viduje ir tyrimai gyvenamojo pastato aplinkoje. Triukšmo lygis prie vertikaliosios trapecinės greičio mažinimo priemonės buvo 69 dB, tiriamojo gyvenamojo pastato viduje apie 41 dB. Šiame straipsnyje yra nagrinėjama greičio vertikaliosios trapecinės greičio mažinimo priemonės įtaka transporto keliamo triukšmo sklaidai į gyvenamąją aplinką.


2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  

Although noise is a very common nuisance in Greek cities, information on actual noise levels in streets is sparse. Here, noise measurements at five main streets of Thessaloniki, Greece for about five weeks are presented. Ten minute, one hour and daily average noise levels were calculated. Traffic noise levels were significant in every examined street during the study. In all streets, the diurnal variation of noise levels and traffic volume exhibited significant correlation, with r2 up to 0.92. Noise measurements at two heights in one street showed a difference of around 14 db between the 1st and the 8th floor. The noise levels difference between working days and weekends was around 1-2 dB during daytime, but it changed sign during the late night hours. The latter can be attributed to night-life recreational traffic during weekends. Noise levels from 7:00 to 24:00 were around 63-66 dB in the 1st and 2nd floors of all four streets where measurements were made at these floors. In these cases, the quietest period was between 4:00 and 6:00, but even then, in three out of four cases noise levels were above 60 dB. Although no exceedances have been observed, the mean daily values, i.e. Leq(08:00-20:00), are close to the national limit of 67 dB(A). This exploratory measurements show that Thessaloniki has a traffic noise problem, which is likely to become more acute, if the 6% annual increase in traffic volume experienced during the previous decade is to continue.


2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-151
Author(s):  
Shno Mustafa Ali ◽  
Ako Rashed Hama ◽  
Younis Mustafa Ali

This study is an approach to assign the land area of  Kirkuk city [ a city located in the northern of Iraq, 236 kilometers north of  Baghdad  and 83 kilometers  south of  Erbil [ Climatic atlas of  Iraq, 1941-1970  ]  into different  multi zones by using Satellite image and Arc Map10.3,  zones of different traffic noise pollutions. Land zonings process like what achieved in this paper will help and of it’s of a high interest point for the future of Kirkuk city especially urban planning and economic issues of the city. Also, it may be considered as a reference in solving the traffic jam problems in the city. Transportations and sounds of horn of vehicles are the major sources of traffic noise pollutions .Vehicular traffic noise problems are contributed by various types of vehicles such as heavy and medium trucks or buses or automobiles. During this study, six major regions within the city were selected (Governorate region, Baghdad road, Al Wasti, Al Askary, Al Nasir and North garage). A survey for all those six regions were taken place  and noise measurements  were captured at points  or  near to the  intersections  for a duration of three different periods days per a week  [  Sunday 3rd , Monday 4th , and  Tuesday 5th] of January 2016. The results showed  a  high level of noise pollution and super passing on many occasions to the prescribed levels by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) , maximum level noise pollution  value was 94.6 dB(A) in AlWasti region near to the road that leading to Kirkuk university , while minimum level noise pollution  value was 48 dB(A) in AlNasir region. As a result, a noise map zoning was prepared for Kirkuk City for top peak working three days. The prepared noise distribution map will help and could be used as a considerable point for the future during designing projects related to transportations. Also in another hand, the map reflected indirectly the amount of regional air pollutions. High distributed noise pollution zones means a zone of a high air pollutions levels specially Cox and Nox gaseous pollutions.  


2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 3811-3811
Author(s):  
Weam Kharbaoui ◽  
Mohammed Garoum ◽  
Abdelaziz Bahoussa ◽  
Mohammed Rhachi

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