A study of Land Zoning in the base of Traffic Noise Pollution Levels using ArcGIS: Kirkuk City as a Case Study

This study is an approach to assign the land area of Kirkuk city [ a city located in the northern of Iraq, 236 kilometers north of Baghdad and 83 kilometers south of Erbil [ Climatic atlas of Iraq, 1941-1970 ] into different multi zones by using Satellite image and Arc Map10.3, zones of different traffic noise pollutions. Land zonings process like what achieved in this paper will help and of it’s of a high interest point for the future of Kirkuk city especially urban planning and economic issues of the city. Also, it may be considered as a reference in solving the traffic jam problems in the city. Transportations and sounds of horn of vehicles are the major sources of traffic noise pollutions .Vehicular traffic noise problems are contributed by various types of vehicles such as heavy and medium trucks or buses or automobiles. During this study, six major regions within the city were selected (Governorate region, Baghdad road, Al Wasti, Al Askary, Al Nasir and North garage). A survey for all those six regions were taken place and noise measurements were captured at points or near to the intersections for a duration of three different periods days per a week [ Sunday 3rd , Monday 4th , and Tuesday 5th] of January 2016. The results showed a high level of noise pollution and super passing on many occasions to the prescribed levels by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) , maximum level noise pollution value was 94.6 dB(A) in AlWasti region near to the road that leading to Kirkuk university , while minimum level noise pollution value was 48 dB(A) in AlNasir region. As a result, a noise map zoning was prepared for Kirkuk City for top peak working three days. The prepared noise distribution map will help and could be used as a considerable point for the future during designing projects related to transportations. Also in another hand, the map reflected indirectly the amount of regional air pollutions. High distributed noise pollution zones means a zone of a high air pollutions levels specially Cox and Nox gaseous pollutions.

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A case study of noise pollution levels during the restrictions period due to COVID-19.

INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings ◽

10.3397/in-2021-1342 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 263 (6) ◽

pp. 206-214

Author(s):

David Montes-González ◽

Juan Miguel Barrigón-Morillas ◽

Ana Cristina Bejarano-Quintas ◽

Manuel Parejo-Pizarro ◽

Guillermo Rey-Gozalo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Noise Pollution ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Control Measures ◽

Acoustic Measurements ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

The World ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) led to the need for drastic control measures around the world to reduce the impact on the health of the population. The confinement of people in their homes resulted in a significant reduction in human activity at every level (economic, social, industrial, etc.), which was reflected in a decrease in environmental pollution levels. Studying the evolution of parameters, such as the level of environmental noise caused by vehicle traffic in urban environments, makes it possible to assess the impact of this type of measure. This paper presents a case study of the acoustic situation in Cáceres (Spain) during the restriction period by means of long-term acoustic measurements at various points of the city.

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People exposed to traffic noise in european agglomerations from noise maps. A critical review

Noise Mapping ◽

10.2478/noise-2014-0005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Miguel Arana ◽

Ricardo San Martin ◽

Juan C. Salinas

Keyword(s):

Road Traffic ◽

Noise Source ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Environmental Noise ◽

Action Plans ◽

Implementation Phase ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Input Variables ◽

The Impact

AbstractTwo of the main objectives of the European Directive on environmental noise are, firstly, to unify acoustic indices for assessing environmental noise and, secondly, to standardize assessment methodologies. The ultimate goal is to objectively and comparably manage the impact and evolution of environmental noise caused both by urban agglomerations and by traffic infrastructures (roads, rails and airports). The use of common indices and methodologies (together with five-year plan assessment required by the authorities in charge) should show how noise pollution levels are evolving plus the effectiveness of corrective measures implemented in the action plans. In this paper, available results fromnumerous European agglomerations (with particular emphasis on Spanish agglomerations) are compared and analysed. The impact and its evolution are based on the percentage of people exposed to noise. More specifically, it demonstrates the impact caused by road traffic, which proves to be the main noise source in all agglomerations. In many cases, the results are extremely remarkable. In some case, the results are illogical. For such cases, it can be concluded that either assessment methodologies have been signifi- cantly amended or the input variables to the calculation programs have been remarkably changed. The uncertainty associated with the results is such that, in our opinion, no conclusions can be drawn concerning the effectiveness of remedial measures designed within the action plans after the Directive’s first implementation Phase.

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Study of general health among older adult in ardakan city and its relation with traffic noise pollution at the residence Summary

The Journal of Tolooebehdasht ◽

10.18502/tbj.v20i4.7816 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ehsan Janati ◽

Mohammad Ali Morowati Sharifabad ◽

Reza Jafari Noudushan ◽

Mohamad Javad Zare Sakhvidi ◽

Sara Jambarsang

Keyword(s):

Sleep Disorders ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

General Health ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

The Elderly ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pollution Levels

Introduction: The body's response to noise pollution is very similar to the way the body responds to stress, which can lead to poor health over time. In this regard, this study was conducted to determine the general health of the elderly and its relationship with traffic noise pollution in Ardakan. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 1399. Participants were 200 elderly people in Ardakan and were included in the study by random sampling. Data were collected through sound measurement with SVANTEK device, General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28). After completing the questionnaires and measurements, the collected data were entered into SPSS-19 software and descriptive statistics as well as analytical statistics including: Chi-square, regression and analysis of variance were used to analyze it. Results: The overall average sound level equivalent in decibels at all measuring stations was within the standard range. There was a significant relationship between noise annoyance and the dimensions of "anxiety symptoms and sleep disorders" and "depressive symptoms" of general health (p <0.001). Conclusion: People with more voice annoyance have more anxiety, sleep disorders and depression. Existence of noise pollution levels in the allowable or standard level can lead to the observation of no significant relationship between traffic noise pollution levels and general health. Reducing anxiety, depression and sleep disorders in the elderly is possible with interventions to reduce voice irritation in them.

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Road Traffic Noise Pollution a Hazard

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v42i4.751 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 435-440

Author(s):

Tayyaba Aftab ◽

Farzana Bashir ◽

Tahira Shafiq

Keyword(s):

Noise Level ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Working Hours ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Road Traffic Noise ◽

Engineering Controls ◽

Frequent Use ◽

High Level ◽

Average Noise Level

A road traffic noise study was conducted in Lahore at 18 busy places of high traffic flow in peak working hours of the day. It has been found that the day time average noise level has crossed the permissible limit of 85dB(A) at 90% busy points in the city. The maximum average noise level recorded in Lahore was 104 dB(A). This high level attributed to vehicular traffic specially auto rickshaw with ineffective silencers (without filters) and frequent use of the pressure horns by buses, wagons and trucks etc. The findings of the survey provide enough baseline data for engineering controls and interim legislation against traffic noise pollution. Key words: Noise pollution, Traffics load , Community health, Lahore city Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 42(4), 435-440, 2007

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Traffic Noise Levels in the City of Banja Luka

Quality of Life (Banja Luka) - APEIRON ◽

10.7251/qol1801020i ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1-2) ◽

Author(s):

Predrag Ilić ◽

Dragana Nešković Markić ◽

Ljiljana Stojanović Bjelić

Keyword(s):

Noise Level ◽

Environmental Problem ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Environmental Noise ◽

Noise Levels ◽

Great Problem ◽

Health Institutions ◽

Banja Luka ◽

The City

Noise pollution, as a major environmental problem, is present in Banja Luka. The measured values exceeded the level of noise allowed, which is a great problem. Evaluation of the noise levels was carried out in the streets in the area with health institutions. Objectives of this research were to evaluate the environmental noise pollution in the City of Banja Luka due to traffic noise and to compare the measured noise levels in the city with legislation and to establish the connection between noise and the number of vehicles. Correlation between the noise level and number of vehicles was positive and significant during the study period (r=0.89). It is confirmed that, with the increase of the number of vehicle, the noise level increases, i.e. the decrease in the number of vehicle decreases the noise level.

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ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE CITY TRAFFIC NOISE: CASE STUDY // EKONOMSKI ASPEKTI BUKE OD GRADSKOG SAOBRAĆAJA: STUDIJA SLUČAJA

EMC Review - Časopis za ekonomiju - APEIRON ◽

10.7251/emc1801134b ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jelena Božić ◽

Predrag Ilić ◽

Ljiljana Stojanović Bjelić

Keyword(s):

Noise Level ◽

Road Traffic ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Common Denominator ◽

Economic Implications ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

Noise pollution is one of the main environmental problems today.The main source of environmental noise is traffic noise, especially the noise of road vehicles. The continuing expansion of motorized transport in Europe and Republic of Srpska today, and especially the sharp increase in the use of private cars raises concerns about the health risks.The aim of the case study was to determine the noise level at the location „Borik“ in Banja Luka. The measured values indicate that the noise level in this street is alarming. This paper discusses health and well-being related impacts of traffic noise pollution as well as the economic and social benefits associated with its reduction. It summarizes the latest scientific evidence on the impact of road traffic-induced noise on physical and mental health as a reaction to the high level of traffic noise risks. According to the scientific evidence, road traffic is the main source of noise pollution in Europe that cause harmful health such as impaired communication and disturbed sleep, as well as adverse after effects such as fatigue and decreased performance, annoyance, hearing impairment, ischemic heart disease and hypertension. The effects of unhealthy noise level are reflected on living and working conditions, consequently affecting the economy.This paper highlights economic implications and health benefits linked to cross-functionalities in the process of noise reduction in urbanism, architecture and vehicle design and methods for its evaluation. Cost-benefit analysis would be a pivotal decision-making tool for the city road traffic and land-use decisions. Economic valuation is about identifying all preferences and translating them into a money measure, to create a common denominator for comparing the pros and cons. Any decision implicitly include a money value into health effects. A holistic approach is crucial, considering the various health and economic consequences together.

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INVESTIGATION OF ACOUSTIC LOAD FROM TRAFFIC FLOW ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CITY OF KHMELNYTSKY

Dorogi i mosti ◽

10.36100/dorogimosti2021.24.183 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (24) ◽

pp. 183-192

Author(s):

Anatolii Morozov ◽

◽

Nataliia Mironova ◽

Tetiana Morozova ◽

Victor Rybak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traffic Flow ◽

Residential Buildings ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Urban Ecosystem ◽

Reproductive Capacity ◽

Traffic Flows ◽

Natural Habitats ◽

Acoustic Load ◽

The City

Introduction. Urbanization, intensification of road transport, development of urban infrastructure contributes to increased noise pollution. As traffic flows increase, so do acoustic discomfort zones, and the problem of traffic noise is becoming increasingly environmentally and socially important. Problem statement. The traffic flow significantly exacerbates the environmental problems of cities. One of the most negative factors is the increasing acoustic load. Noise pollution is currently becoming one of the most important environmental stressors. Noise levels depend on the intensity, speed, nature of traffic, type and quality of coverage, land use planning (longitudinal and transverse street profiles, building architecture, traffic lights) and the presence of greenery. Noise leads to an imbalance of auditory adaptation, regulatory processes of the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, hemodynamic disorders, the development of noise sickness. At long influence mechanisms of reflex and neurohumoral reactions are broken, there is a nervous pathology, attention decreases by 12-16%. Physiological and biochemical adaptation of a person to noise is impossible, in addition, noise has an inherent consuming effect. Acoustic load has a negative impact on flora and fauna. The main ones are reduced adaptive and reproductive capacity, changes in trophic nets, increased risk of predation, growth retardation, accelerated transpiration, death of leaves and flowers. This problem is most acute for urban ecosystems, as urbanization is one of the main factors in reducing biodiversity due to the loss of natural habitats, their fragmentation or drastic change. In urban conditions, many anthropogenic (industrial, transport noise) is added to the natural noise, which significantly changes the acoustic background. Currently, the noise load in megacities has increased by 12-15 dB, and the volume by three to four times. In cities with heavy traffic, the noise level is approaching 80 dB. Cartographic methods are widely used to visualize and predict noise load. Mapping the noise load of cities is relevant for Ukraine. Currently, acoustic maps have been developed only for certain districts of Kyiv. The creation of acoustic maps will help improve the ecological condition of urban areas. Purpose. Investigate and assess the level of noise load created by traffic flows on the main highways of the city of Khmelnytsky, create an acoustic map and determine the main directions of noise pollution. Research methods. general scientific (generalization, comparison, analysis and synthesis, theoretical and methodological substantiation); mathematical statistics; field (full-scale measurements of noise on the territory); cartographic (construction of a map-scheme) Results. The article highlights the problem of urban ecosystem acoustic load. It is evaluated the noise pollution of Khmelnytskyi city in Ukraine. The noise contamination model is constructed using GIS technologies within modern software package. It is shown that simulation and visualization of noise load using software makes it possible to objectively and detail estimate the acoustic situation and to propose managerial decisions development to protect the population from noise. Conclusion. The intensity of traffic noise depends on the condition and width of roads, the distance of residential buildings from the axis of the roadway. Depending on the capacity of roads, the presence of intersections changes the acoustic load. Reduction of urban traffic noise is associated with absorbing, reflecting, shielding and insulating acoustic ability. Optimization of noise protection of the urban ecosystem depends on a set of architectural and planning solutions. When introducing technical and economic characteristics of noise protection measures, it is necessary to take into account their features (practical limitations and opportunities).

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Effects of speed and road condition on annoyance caused by motorcycle noise emission

INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings ◽

10.3397/in-2021-3252 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 263 (1) ◽

pp. 5748-5753

Author(s):

Omid Samani ◽

Anna Martius ◽

M. Ercan Altinsoy

Keyword(s):

Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Clear Understanding ◽

Noise Emission ◽

Noise Characteristics ◽

Vehicle Category ◽

Road Condition ◽

Noise Measurements

Recently much attention has been drawn to the noise emission of two-wheelers and motorcycles. Considering the high levels of noise pollution and annoyance caused by motorcycles, it is necessary to evaluate the contribution of their noise emission to the overall traffic noise. Furthermore, this emission must be included in traffic noise studies and noise maps. In order to have a clear understanding of the noise characteristics of this vehicle category, extensive studies are required. This paper aims to investigate the effects of speed and road condition on annoyance caused by motorcycle noise emission. For this purpose, noise measurements are carried out for various engine speeds, and road conditions. These stimuli are used later in a perceptual experiment to realize the effect of each parameter on the caused annoyance. Stimuli are reproduced in the laboratory where participants can determine their annoyance toward each stimulus. Finally, based on the outcome of the perceptual experiment and analysis of psychoacoustic parameters, a conclusion is drawn to clarify how annoyance and noise emission alter in response to the changes in speed and road condition.

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Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on festival celebrations and noise pollution levels

Noise Mapping ◽

10.1515/noise-2021-0006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 89-93

Author(s):

Komal Kalawapudi ◽

Taruna Singh ◽

Ritesh Vijay ◽

Nitin Goyal ◽

Rakesh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Noise Level ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Pollution Level ◽

Noise Levels ◽

Indian Culture ◽

Pollution Levels ◽

Level Data ◽

New Guidelines ◽

The City ◽

Mumbai City

Abstract India is a country where every religion and community celebrates their culture. Festivals have an important role in Indian culture and are celebrated whole-heartedly by the citizens. Most of these celebrations culminate to causing pollution especially noise pollution due to festivities and rituals. One such festival is Ganesh Chaturthi or Ganeshotsav which is magnificently celebrated in Maharashtra state of India. In the present study, noise pollution levels during Ganeshotsav at famous community pandals in Mumbai city were monitored in the year 2020. Noise level data was analyzed based on indices such as L 10, L 50, L 90, noise pollution level (LNP ) and noise climate (NC). Comparison of noise levels was carried out for the collected data during Ganesh Chaturthi in the previous years of 2018 and 2019. The city witnessed simple festival celebration in eco-friendly manner leading to significant decrease in noise levels due to CoVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic situation is an eye-opener for the city administration with demonstration in reduction of noise pollution. Many aspects of the pandemic can be carried forward in making new guidelines and policies to curtail pollution and eco-friendly celebration of festivals.

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MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ACOUSTIC POLLUTION OF URBANIZED AREAS

Akustika ◽

10.36336/akustika20193239 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

Igor Lykov ◽

Nadezhda Loboda ◽

Alexey Streltsov

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Traffic Noise ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Well Being ◽

Chemical Pollution ◽

Urban Noise ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Different Seasons ◽

The Many ◽

The City

Noise pollution of the urban environment in recent years has become a serious environmental and social problem, a threat to the health and well-being of the population. Although noise for the population is not such a priority, as, for example, chemical pollution of air and water, but it has always been the subject of public interest. There are varieties of noise generation sources of which the traffic noise could be a major source. Among the many factors affecting the health of the population, urban noise is the most common and aggressive. The article deals with the problem of the negative impact of noise on human health and on the structure of the general morbidity of the population. The authors addressed the problem of noise pollution in the city of Kaluga. Presents the dynamics of changes in the number of cars and noise pollution over the past ten years. It is shown that today cars are the dominant sources of urban noise environment. The interpretation of the results of full-scale acoustic measurements carried out on the main urban highways is given. The regularities of changes in noise levels in different seasons of the year are revealed. It is concluded that the permissible values of acoustic effects in the city of Kaluga are exceeded. The results of the integrated assessment of child morbidity associated with an increase in the number of vehicles in the city and an increase in acoustic load are presented.

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