Effect of coexisting metal ions on bio-precipitation of Cu2+ phosphate by Rahnella sp. LRP3 and its stability in soil

The phosphate precipitation of heavy metal induced by microorganisms plays an important role in immobilising heavy metal in soil. However, there is little knowledge about the effect of coexisting metal ions on the induction of Cu phosphate mineral and its stability. In this paper, the Cu phosphate precipitations, coexisting with Pb2+ or Ca2+ induced by strain LRP3, were characterised, and the stabilisation of the induced phosphate precipitates was also studied. The coexistence of Cu with Pb or Ca decreased the removal efficiency of Cu2+ by 17.18% and 9.78%, respectively, indicating the competitive adsorption between cations. Strain LRP3 could induce a new phosphate mineral of CuCa10(PO4)7 when coexisting with Ca and also generate the phosphate minerals of Pb(H2PO4)2 and Cu3(PO4)2 when coexisting with Pb. The Cu-Ca coprecipitate could enhance the stability of Cu in dilute acid solution and soil with or without a plant, whiles the Cu-Pb one showed the opposite effect. Also, the Cu-induced phosphate precipitates were relatively stable and not easy to be absorbed by Pakchoi (Brassica rapa var. chinensis). The results showed that the influence of coexisting metal ions should be considered when phosphate mineralisation technology is used to immobilise heavy metals in the environment.

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Comparative study of binding strengths of heavy metals with humic acid

Hemijska industrija ◽

10.2298/hemind121107002k ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (5) ◽

pp. 773-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ivana Kostic ◽

Tatjana Andjelkovic ◽

Ruzica Nikolic ◽

Tatjana Cvetkovic ◽

Dusica Pavlovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Stability Constants ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Exchange Method ◽

Divalent Metal Ion ◽

The Stability

The complexation of humic acid with certain heavy metal ions (Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II)) was investigated. The stability constants of humate complexes were determined by method which is based on distribution of metal ions between solution and resin in the presence and the absence of ligand, known as Schubert?s ion exchange method. Experiments were performed at 25 ?C, at pH 4.0 and ionic strength of 0.01 mol dm-3. It was found that the 1:1 complexes were formed between metal ions and humic acid. Obtained results of the stability constants, log ?mn, of complexes formed between the metal ions and humic acid follow the order Co(II) < Ni(II) < Cu(II) > Zn(II) which is the same like in the Irving-Williams series for the binding strength of divalent metal ion complexes. Stability constant of complex between Pb(II) ions and humic acid is greater than stability constants of other investigated metal-humate complexes. The investigation of interaction between heavy metal ions and humics is important for the prediction of the distribution and control of the migration of heavy metals in natural environment.

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Kestabilan Inokulan Azotobacter selama Penyimpanan pada Dua Suhu

Jurnal Natur Indonesia ◽

10.31258/jnat.14.1.52-55 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 52

Author(s):

Reginawanti Hindersah ◽

Rija Sudirja

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Root Growth ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Metal Uptake ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Heavy Metal Uptake ◽

Total N ◽

The Stability ◽

Temperature Storage

Azotobacter might be used as biological agents in bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil since this rhizobacteria produceexopolysachharides (EPS) that mobilize soil heavy metals, and phytohormones that regulate root growth. So that heavy metal uptake bythe roots could be increased. The objective of this research was to verify the stability of EPS and phytohormones in Azotobacter liquidinoculants during four months in different temperature storage. Liquid inoculants has been produced in EPS-induced media and stored in200C and room temperature (24-270C) during four months. The results showed that the better temperature storage was room temperatureinstead of 20 0C since pH, total N, and EPS and phytohormones content was relatively stable during storage.

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Estimation of the Concentration of Some Heavy Metals in Groundwater in Rutba City

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/904/1/012009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 904 (1) ◽

pp. 012009

Author(s):

A W Abd Byty ◽

M A Gharbi ◽

A H Assaf

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Large Scale ◽

Toxic Metal ◽

Scale Production ◽

Future Health ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

Guideline Values

Abstract Toxic metal pollutants in groundwater should be identified to prevent future health risks. In this paper, the presence of heavy metals in groundwater in the western region of Iraq was investigated. The heavy metals concentrations, including Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cr3+, Cd2+, As3+ and Hg2+ were explored in twenty selected aquifers near Rutba City and the results were presented as spatial distribution maps. Findings indicate that contamination with the investigated heavy metal ions possesses a serious threat to the study area’s groundwater quality when compared to WHO and IEPA guideline values. Thus, a new approach to remove or adsorb heavy metal ions can be developed for large-scale production and the safe use of these aquifers water. Results revealed that the highest concentrations in mg/L1 of 2.312 in w19, 1.098 in w2, 5.78 in w17, 0.292 in w9, 3.349 in w5, 0.32 in w13, 0.074 in w11 and 5.622 in w1 for Zn2+, Cr3+, As3+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ were recorded, respectively.

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The Influence of Heavy Metal Ions on the Viability and Metabolic Enzyme Activity of the Marbled Crayfish Procambarus virginalis (Lyko, 2017)

International Letters of Natural Sciences ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.70.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 11-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oleg Marenkov ◽

Mykola V. Prychepa ◽

Julia Kovalchuk

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Enzyme Activity ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Physiological State ◽

Metabolic Enzyme ◽

Nickel Ions ◽

The Individual ◽

Marbled Crayfish

In the experiment with marbled crayfishProcambarusvirginalis(Lyko, 2017), chronic effects of various concentrations of heavy metal ions on the physiological state and enzyme activity were investigated. The obtained results showed that among the investigated heavy metals nickel ions influenced the weight indexes and mortality of crustaceans the most negatively. According to the results of the research, significant changes were noted in the individual biochemical parameters of marbled crayfish under the influence of manganese, lead and nickel ions. The most significant changes in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase were detected in muscle tissues affected by manganese and nickel ions. A significant decrease in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase in muscle of marbled crayfish was determined after the action of heavy metal ions. Investigation of changes in the activity of alkaline phosphatase under the influence of the ions of manganese, lead and nickel has its own characteristics, which indicates certain violations in the tissues of cell membranes. Changes in the activity of enzymes were also reflected in the overall protein content. Changes in these parameters may indicate a rapid biochemical response of crustaceans to the toxic effects of heavy metals.

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Research Progress in Removing Heavy Metals from Waste Water via Bio-Sorption

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.692 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 587-589 ◽

pp. 692-695

Author(s):

Wei Sun

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Research Progress ◽

Traditional Methods ◽

Sorption Method

Bio-absorption has an unparalleled advantage over other traditional methods in removing and recycling heavy metal ions from waste water. Consequently, it has a promising future. In this paper, the traditional methods and the bio-sorption method via which heavy metals are removed from waste water are compared to summarize the mechanism of bio-sorption, the types of bio-sorbent, the factors that can influence bio-sorption and the state of its application in waste water treatment .

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A systematic study for removal of heavy metals from aqueous media using Sorghum bicolor: an efficient biosorbent

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2018.190 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 77 (10) ◽

pp. 2355-2368 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Khalida Naseem ◽

Zahoor H. Farooqi ◽

Muhammad Z. Ur Rehman ◽

Muhammad A. Ur Rehman ◽

Robina Begum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Review Article ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Adsorption Efficiency ◽

Adsorption Isotherm Models ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals

Abstract This review is based on the adsorption characteristics of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) for removal of heavy metals from aqueous media. Different parameters like pH, temperature of the medium, sorghum concentration, sorghum particle size, contact time, stirring speed and heavy metal concentration control the adsorption efficiency of sorghum biomass for heavy metal ions. Sorghum biomass showed maximum efficiency for removal of heavy metal ions in the pH range of 5 to 6. It is an agricultural waste and is regarded as the cheapest biosorbent, having high adsorption capacity for heavy metals as compared to other reported adsorbents, for the treatment of heavy metal polluted wastewater. Adsorption of heavy metal ions onto sorghum biomass follows pseudo second order kinetics. Best fitted adsorption isotherm models for removal of heavy metal ions on sorghum biomass are Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. Thermodynamic aspects of heavy metal ions adsorption onto sorghum biomass have also been elaborated in this review article. How adsorption efficiency of sorghum biomass can be improved by different physical and chemical treatments in future has also been elaborated. This review article will be highly useful for researchers working in the field of water treatment via biosorption processing. The quantitative demonstrated efficiency of sorghum biomass for various heavy metal ions has also been highlighted in different sections of this review article.

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Removing heavy metals from effluents with natural and modified clay-containing sorbents

Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaia tehnika ◽

10.35776/vst.2021.05.03 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 30-37

Author(s):

А.К. Стрелков ◽

С.В. Степанов ◽

О.Н. Панфилова ◽

А.В. Арбузов

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Heavy Metal Ions ◽

Specific Productivity ◽

Natural Material ◽

Main Process ◽

Tertiary Treatment ◽

Modified Clay ◽

Cartridge Filter

Представлены результаты исследований сорбции ионов тяжелых металлов глиносодержащими сорбентами из сточных вод гальванического производства. Цель испытаний, проведенных на пилотной установке, – разработка технологической схемы для доочистки сточных вод от ионов тяжелых металлов и извлечения отработанного сорбента с применением намывного патронного фильтра со слоем перлита. В испытаниях использовались: термически модифицированный сорбент на основе природных материалов – модифицированная глина, а также смесевый сорбент, состоящий из монтмориллонита, торфа и доломита в соотношении 5:4:1 без термической обработки. Исследования проводились по восьми ионам тяжелых металлов в диапазоне низких концентраций, характерных для сточных вод, поступающих на доочистку после отстаивания с корректировкой рН. Основные технологические параметры доочистки: pH8; продолжительность контакта сорбента с обрабатываемыми водами 90 мин, доза сорбентов 1–1,6 г/л. Отделение отработанного сорбента от очищенной воды было предусмотрено в две ступени – отстаиванием и фильтрованием на патронном намывном фильтре. Введение коагулянта «Аква-АуратÔ-30» дозой 40 мг/л по Al2O3 позволило снизить концентрацию взвешенных веществ в осветленных сточных водах, подаваемых на намывные фильтры, до 8 мг/л для модифицированной глины и 15 мг/л для смесевого сорбента. Удельная производительность намывного слоя составила 23 м3/(ч×м2), расчетная удельная нагрузка по взвеси на поверхность фильтра составила для модифицированной глины 850 г/м2, для смесевого сорбента – 680 г/м2. Расчетная продолжительность фазы фильтрования намывного слоя при использовании предварительного реагентного отстаивания составила 4,6 и 2 ч для модифицированной глины и смесевого сорбента соответственно. Обеспечена эффективность очистки сточных вод от ионов тяжелых металлов на уровне ПДК для водных объектов рыбохозяйственного значения. The results of studies of the sorption of heavy metal ions by clay-containing sorbents from plating effluents are presented. The purpose of the tests carried out in a pilot plant was developing a process scheme for the removal of heavy metal ions from effluents and extraction of the spent sorbent in a precoat cartridge filter with a layer of perlite. The materials used in the tests were as follows: thermally modified sorbent based on natural material, i. e., modified clay, as well as mixed sorbent consisting of montmorillonite, peat and dolomite in a ratio of 5:4:1 without heat treatment. The studies were carried out on eight ions of heavy metals in the low concentration range typical for the effluent coming for tertiary treatment after sedimentation with pH adjustment. The main process parameters of tertiary treatment were: pH 8; the duration of the sorbent contact with the effluent was 90 min, the dose of sorbents was 1–1.6 g/l. The separation of the spent sorbent from the effluent was executed in two stages – sedimentation and filtration in a precoat cartridge filter. The addition of Aqua-AuratTM-30 coagulant with a dose of 40 mg/l as Al2O3provided for reducing the concentration of suspended solids in the clarified effluent supplied to the precoat filters to 8 mg/l for modified clay and 15 mg/l for the mixed sorbent. The specific productivity of the alluvial layer was 23 m3/(h‧m2), the specific load of the suspension on the filter surface was 850 g/m2for modified clay, and 680 g/m2 for mixed sorbent. The estimated duration of the filtration phase of the alluvial layer while using preliminary chemical sedimentation was 4.6 and 2 h for the modified clay and mixed sorbent, respectively. The efficiency of removing heavy metal ions from effluents was provided at the level of the maximum permissible concentration for fishery water bodies.

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Semiautomated Method for the Analysis of Formulations of Chlorpheniramine Maleate and Brompheniramine Maleate

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/62.3.552 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 552-555

Author(s):

Don C Cox ◽

Ross D Kirchhoefer

Keyword(s):

Acid Solution ◽

Active Ingredient ◽

Dilute Acid ◽

Chlorpheniramine Maleate ◽

Precision Data ◽

Dilute Acid Solution ◽

Aqueous Layer ◽

Brompheniramine Maleate ◽

Semiautomated Method

Abstract The determination of chlorpheniramine maleate and brompheniramine maleate in tablets, capsules, injections, and elixirs has been automated. The active ingredient is dissolved in dilute HCl. The dilute acid solution is sampled, made basic with dilute NaOH, and extracted with isooctane. The isooctane phase is resampled and the drug is re-extracted into dilute HCl. The absorbance of the acidic aqueous layer is monitored at 265 nm. The method is an automated version of the general USP XIX assay for salts of organic nitrogenous bases. The results from the semiautomated procedure agree well with the USP XIX and NF XIV official methods. Recoveries were 100% from an authentic tablet material. The system is linear from 0 to 300% of declared potency. The procedure is free from common excipient and dye interferences. Precision data are included for both the automated and official methods.

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