scholarly journals Morphological variation of male A. arguta plants affects their flowering potential and pollen efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 100-109
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Stasiak ◽  
Barbara Łata ◽  
Monika Bieniasz ◽  
Piotr Latocha
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Pollination Efficiency ◽  
Dioecious Plant ◽  
Pollen Quality ◽  
Actinidia Arguta ◽  
High Viability ◽  
One Year ◽  
Very High

Actinidia arguta (Siebold et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. is functionally a cryptic dioecious plant and successful pollination is crucial for achieving high quality fruit. The extent and bases of morphological variability in female genotypes have been well studied, but here we focus on the males. Mature plants of seven male A. arguta genotypes were studied in 2016 and 2017 during which a suite of phenological and morphological features was measured on ten randomly chosen one-year-old canes on each plant. This analysis was complemented by two other, specialized measures potentially related to pollination efficiency, namely pollen quality, and quantity. The time of bud break was similar each year across all genotypes and the pollen quality was uniformly very high (viability – 95.0–99.9% and germination – 89.0–97.3%). However, the ten genotypes exhibited high variability in both the number of flowers per inflorescence and pollen quantity, indicating marked differences in their flowering potential and efficiency as pollinizers. The male kiwiberry indicators developed in this study – flowering potential and pollen efficiency, appear to be effective tools for the comparative evaluation of male A. arguta genotypes.

scholarly journals On the Average Coefficient of Dominance of Deleterious Spontaneous Mutations

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 1991-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
A García-Dorado ◽  
A Caballero
Keyword(s):  
Deleterious Mutations ◽  
Spontaneous Mutations ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plausible Hypothesis ◽  
Average Coefficient ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Very High ◽  
Balancer Chromosome

Abstract T. Mukai and co-workers in the late 1960s and O. Ohnishi in the 1970s carried out a series of experiments to obtain direct estimates of the average coefficient of dominance (h¯) of minor viability mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. The results of these experiments, although inconsistent, have been interpreted as indicating slight recessivity of deleterious mutations, with h¯≈0.4. Mukai obtained conflicting results depending on the type of heterozygotes used, some estimates suggesting overdominance and others partial dominance. Ohnishi's estimates, based on the ratio of heterozygous to homozygous viability declines, were more consistent, pointing to the above value. However, we have reanalyzed Ohnishi's data, estimating h¯ by the regression method, and obtained a much smaller estimate of ~0.1. This significant difference can be due partly to the different weighting implicit in the estimates, but we suggest that this is not the only explanation. We propose as a plausible hypothesis that a putative nonmutational decline in viability occurring in the first half of Ohnishi's experiment (affecting both homozygotes and heterozygotes) has biased upward the estimates from the ratio, while it would not bias the regression estimates. This hypothesis also explains the very high h¯≈0.7 observed in Ohnishi's high-viability chromosomes. By constructing a model of spontaneous mutations using parameters in the literature, we investigate the above possibility. The results indicate that a model of few mutations with moderately large effects and h¯≈0.2 is able to explain the observed estimates and the distributions of homozygous and heterozygous viabilities. Accounting for an expression of mutations in genotypes with the balancer chromosome Cy does not alter the conclusions qualitatively.

scholarly journals Incidence of bloodstream infection among patients on hemodialysis by central venous catheter

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cibele Grothe ◽  
Angélica Gonçalves da Silva Belasco ◽  
Ana Rita de Cássia Bittencourt ◽  
Lucila Amaral Carneiro Vianna ◽  
Ricardo de Castro Cintra Sesso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Central Venous Catheter Insertion ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Double Lumen ◽  
One Year ◽  
Very High

This study evaluated the incidence and risk factors of bloodstream infection (BSI) among patients with a double-lumen central venous catheter (CVC) for hemodialysis (HD) and identified the microorganisms isolated from the bloodstream. A follow-up included all patients (n=156) who underwent hemodialysis by double-lumen CVC at the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Brazil, over a one-year period. From the group of patients, 94 presented BSI, of whom 39 had positive cultures at the central venous catheter insertion location. Of the 128 microorganisms isolated from the bloodstream, 53 were S. aureus, 30 were methicillin-sensitive and 23 were methicillin-resistant. Complications related to BSI included 35 cases of septicemia and 27 cases of endocarditis, of which 15 cases progressed to death. The incidence of BSI among these patients was shown to be very high, and this BSI progressed rapidly to the condition of severe infection with a high mortality rate.

Decision Support System Based on Fuzzy Logic for Assessment of Expected Corporate Income Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150009
Author(s):  
Arthur Yosef ◽  
Eli Shnaider ◽  
Rimona Palas ◽  
Amos Baranes
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Section Model ◽  
Evaluation Mechanism ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Decision Support Method ◽  
Very High

This study presents a decision-support method to estimate the next year performance of corporate Operating Income Margin (OIM). It is based on a unique combination of cross-section model and the rules-based evaluation mechanism. The estimate is done in terms of broad categories, and not precise numerical values. The model is constructed as follows: its dependent variable (OIM) is one year ahead vs. the corresponding explanatory variables. This structure of the model allows us to view explanatory variables as reflecting financial potential of corporations. The evaluation component consists of a set of rules designed to identify the companies whose “potential” clearly points to an opportunity to invest. For the method presented here to succeed, it is necessary to utilize a highly reliable modeling method, even if it is “Fuzzy”. We apply Soft Regression (SR), which is a Soft Computing modeling tool based on Fuzzy Logic, and utilize all available proxy variables by creating intervals of values. Advantages of utilizing SR, and the intervals’-based modeling are extensively discussed. Modeling results for five consecutive years are consistent and stable, thus indicating high degree of reliability. Testing indicates very high success rate for the stock market related domain, the lowest being 87.9%.

Study of some parameters of electrocardiography of skiers-riders

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Saykin ◽  
Valery N. Yakovlev
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
The Body ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Functional Diagnosis ◽  
Electrocardiographic Examination ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Very High

Very high results, the achievement of which is possible only with long systematic train-ing with the use of large and sometimes excessive physical activity characterizes modern sports. The preparation process from beginner to master of sports takes an average of 5–10 years. During this time, the athlete must develop and improve special physical and mental qualities, as well as master certain motor skills specific to this sport. Therefore, children's and youth's organisms of athletes are subject to increased loads, especially in classes that develop endurance. But not always physical activity contributes to the strengthening of the body, sometimes excessive loads, especially with the wrong approach, lead to complications from the cardiovascular system, in particular, to changes in heart rate. Therefore, the issue of adapting the functions of the heart of young athletes to muscle loads becomes increasingly important. The purpose of the work was to study the activities of the cardiovascular system of skiers-riders in the preparatory period of the one-year cycle. Currently, various methods of functional diagnosis of the cardiovascular system are used. We considered the results obtained during electrocardiographic examination of skiers-riders. We investigated electrical activity of the heart and presented model characteristics according to the considered indicators.

Intimacy, Fusion and Frequency of Sexual Contact in Lesbian Couples

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-256
Author(s):  
Sue Blyth ◽  
Gillian Straker
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Lesbian Couples ◽  
Lesbian Relationships ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
One Year ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Personal Assessment ◽  
Very High

It is generally accepted in the literature that, of all couple types, lesbian couples tend to have the lowest frequencies of sexual contact. It has been hypothesized that a reason for this is that lesbian couples are more subject than others to fusion. This study examines the relationship between frequency of sexual contact and fusion in lesbian relationships of duration longer than one year. The concept of fusion has, however, not been clearly defined. Although Mencher (1990), for example, states that fusion is akin to, but not the same as, intense intimacy, fusion is treated within the literature as if it lay on a continuum of intimacy. In the design of this study, fusion was thus defined as a very high level of intimacy, as measured on the Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships (PAIR) Inventory. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated and scatter graphs plotted to explore the possible existence of significant linear and non-linear relationships between fusion and frequency of sexual contact. The results of this study indicate that the conceptualization of fusion as very high intimacy should be questioned. The results suggest that fusion is not synonymous with intense intimacy and this article argues for a clearer definition and operationalizatian of the important concept of fusion.

Control of Amsinckia spp. by the pastures of north-western Victoria

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
DJ Connor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Barrel Medic ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Western Victoria ◽  
Establishment Phase ◽  
North Western ◽  
Very High

Amsinckia is a serious weed in the wheat growing areas of north-western Victoria. It is successful in the inter-crop pastures, based upon barrel medic, because it grows faster than barrel medic in the cooler months of May to August. In addition, the rapid growth in height associated with the change from rosette to elongating phases ensures a height advantage over the pasture species when the flush of pasture growth does commence. Seed production by each Amsinckia plant is very high, and for this reason any competitive restriction obtained in one year is not necessarily reflected in the establishment phase of the next. Subterranean clover c.v. Clare is more competitive than barrel medic and was able to eliminate Amsinckia from the sward in two years. However it has only limited application in the pastures of north-western Victoria. A mowing treatment was carried out at the commencement of Amsinckia flowering, for this coincides with the beginning of rapid pasture growth. Regrowth produced a reversal of height relationships within the pasture and enabled barrel medic to shade Amsinckia BJ this treatment growth and seed production of Amsinckia were reduced by 99 per cent within the one season.

Functions of the Pointing Gesture in Mothers and their 12 to 36-Month-Old Children during Everyday Activities

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 619-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Amparo Muñetón Ayala ◽  
María José Rodrigo López
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Joint Activity ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Child Speech ◽  
One Year ◽  
Pointing Gesture ◽  
Very High ◽  
At Home

This study longitudinally examined the production of pointing in four Spanish 1-year-old and four Spanish 2-year-old children in interactive situations with their mothers at home over the course of one year. Three aspects were analyzed: a) the functions of the pointing gesture, their accurate comprehension by the interlocutor (mother or child), and their order of emergence in the child; b) whether or not there were differences in the production of pointing according to who initiated the interaction; and c) whether maternal and child speech were related to maternal and child pointing production. The results showed that the pointing function of showing is the most frequent for both children and mothers from groups 1 and 2, and the first to emerge followed by the informing, requesting object, requesting action, and requesting cooperation functions. The accuracy with which these intentions were comprehended was found to be very high for both mother and child. Pointing production was greater when the speaker initiated the interaction than when the other person did, indicating that gestures follow the turn-taking system. Finally, the production of pointing to showing in children and mothers was found to be related to maternal and child speech, while pointing to request cooperation triggered the process of joint activity between mother and child.

scholarly journals Studies on transmission of Staphylococcus aureus in an isolation ward for burned patients

1973 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Hambraeus
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Phage Group ◽  
Burned Patient ◽  
Staph Aureus ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Service Areas ◽  
One Year ◽  
Isolation Ward ◽  
Very High ◽  
Made In

SUMMARYA one-year epidemiological investigation was made in an isolation ward for burned patients. The transmission of Staphylococcus aureus was mainly studied. In spite of the design of the ward the cross-infection rate was high. In all, 49 of 69 patients were infected 114 times. Twenty-six of the strains causing infection were found in a patient only, 10 in a member of the staff only and 23 in both patients and staff the week before they caused a new infection. There were three epidemic outbreaks caused by three strains of Staph. aureus all belonging to phage group III; one was resistant to methicillin. Environmental studies with settle plates showed that the number of staphylococci dispersed by a burned patient was often very high. In 8% of the observations in occupied bedrooms the air count of Staph. aureus was more than 1800 col./m.2 hr. However, the counts of Staph. aureus in the corridor and service areas were low. This seems to indicate a rather good protection against airborne transfer of bacteria. Other routes of infection were probably of greater importance.

Post-dispersal seed predation in Pinus halepensis and consequences on seedling establishment after fire

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Broncano ◽  
Anselm Rodrigo ◽  
Javier Retana
Keyword(s):  
Seed Predation ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Burned Areas ◽  
One Year ◽  
Rodent Populations ◽  
Very High

In the present study, we analyse the spatiotemporal patterns of seed predation and the consequences of this predation in the establishment of new Pinus halepensis individuals. Rodents were the main predators of P. halepensis seeds in burned areas, while predation by ants was considerably lower. Concerning spatiotemporal patterns of seed predation, the results obtained indicate that, although there were some small differences among distances or among seasons, removal of P. halepensis seeds was consistently very high in all situations, whether close to or far from the unburned margins, in pine or mixed forests, in different sites and in all sampling periods throughout the year. We analysed the role of seed predation on the modulation of post-fire regeneration of P. halepensis. Just after fire, no differences in seedling density were found between plots with or without rodent exclusion, probably owing to the high density of seeds on the ground and the low density of rodents affected by fire. One year after fire, when rodent populations had recovered in burned areas and seeds were much less abundant, the combination of addition of seeds and rodent exclusion led to an increase in pine seedling establishment.

scholarly journals The influence of age and the reproductive status to the blood indicators of the ewes

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Antunović ◽  
M. Šperanda ◽  
Z. Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
One Year ◽  
Very High ◽  
Alt Activity

Abstract. The influence of age and the reproductive status has been researched in the blood serum of 75 Merinolandschaf ewes. We have detected statistically very high concentrations of Ca in the blood serum of pregnant and non- pregnant ewes comparing to those in lactation, while the opposite way has been noticed for the concentrations of P-inorganic and Na. Statistically much higher concentrations of K have been found in the lactating and non-pregnant ewes comparing to the pregnant ones. Statistically much higher concentrations of albumin and cholesterol have been detected in the blood of pregnant ewes comparing to the non-pregnant ones, while the opposite way has been noticed for the concentrations of total proteins. GGT activity was statistically much higher in the blood of ewes in lactation comparing to the non-pregnant ones and the CK and ALT activity in the pregnant ones comparing to those in lactation. The ewes up to one year old had statistically very significant high concentrations of P-inorganic, Na, Fe, glucose, AP, GGT, CK activities and in the older ewes the concentrations of cholesterol and total proteins. Due to that, it is necessary to, before the metabolic profile specification of ewes, take into consideration age and the reproductive status of the animals. For the age there have to be taken the concentrations of P-inorganic, Na, Fe, glucose, cholesterol and total proteins as well as AP, GGT, CK activities and for the reproductive status the concentrations of Ca, P-inorganic, Na, albumin, total proteins as well as the ALT, CK, GGT activities. These researches give basis for the regular therapy application and carrying out the prevention of the metabolic disturbances of ewes in the aim of reducing economy losses.

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