scholarly journals Crop response to the application of special natural amendments based on zeolite tuff

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
A. Butorac ◽  
T. Filipan ◽  
F. Bašić ◽  
J. Butorac ◽  
M. Mesić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Fertilizing Effect ◽  
Zeolite Tuff ◽  
Increase Crop Yield ◽  
Better Than

The conception of these investigations is based on the premise that a way should be found to eliminate, or at least mitigate, the harmful effect of excessive soil acidity without resorting to the massive and costly measures of liming. The main issue addressed in this study is how to increase crop yield by increasing nutrient availability rather than how to neutralize the soil. This as well as our earlier investigations, conducted on pseudogley of mesoelevations, indicate that this can be achieved by the application of special natural amendments (SNA) based on zeolite tuff, under the name Agrarvital (AV), in which clinoptilolite prevails while the remaining part is a mixture of soft lithothamnian limestone and dolomite (SLL+D). These amendments enhance ion exchange in the soil and their activation at a considerably lower pH than it is the case after liming. Fertilizing value of Agrarvital (AV) and lime materials (LM) was evaluated according to the yields achieved and some yield components of the crops grown. The results point to the good fertilizing effect of AV upon yields of winter wheat, maize, soybean and winter barley, equal to or better than the effect of conventional LM applied at several times higher rates. 

Morphological and physiological studies on the effect of salinity and growth promoters on rice plants

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Afifi ◽  
M. Saker ◽  
M. Ahmed ◽  
S. Khatab
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Growth Substances ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Physiological Characters

This study aimed to reveal changes in morphological and physiological characters during growth and mature stages of rice plants in response to salinity stress and growth promoters. Salinity stress caused a decrease in vegetative growth, yield and yield components, while growth substances enhanced the leaf area and crop yield of rice plants under salinity stress. It could be concluded that growth promoters can partially alleviate the harmful effect of salinity stress on rice.

scholarly journals The influence of special natural amendments based on zeolite tuff and different lime materials on some soil chemical properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
A. Butorac ◽  
M. Mesić ◽  
T. Filipan ◽  
J. Butorac ◽  
F. Bašić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Latin Rectangle ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Zeolite Tuff ◽  
Iron And Manganese

This paper deals with the changes in soil active acidity, mobile aluminium, base saturation, iron and manganese under the influence of quicklime (QL), mixture of soft lithothamnian limestone (SLL) and dolomite (D), and special natural amendments (SNA) based on zeolite tuff. Investigations were carried out on pseudogley of mesoelevations, dystric. The four-year trial was set up according to the Latin rectangle method with 18 trial treatments in four replications. While SNA based on zeolite tuff had little effect on changes of the studied parameters, traditional lime materials (LM), owing also to the fact that they were applied at several times higher rates, had a very positive effect. Soil acidity, iron and manganese were reduced under their influence, mobile aluminium, particularly under their higher rate, was fully blocked or reduced within tolerable limits, and base saturation was raised to a satisfactory level. Effects of SNA depended on the ratio of zeolite tuff and the lime component in them. It could be presupposed that their main efficiency happened in the domain of ion exchange with a positive impact on soil fertility.

scholarly journals Crop Response to Soil Acidity Factors in Ultisols and Oxisols in Puerto Rico. XIV. Plantains and Bananas

1969 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-382
Author(s):  
Edmundo Rivera ◽  
José Rodríguez ◽  
Fernando Abruña
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Leaf Composition

The effect of soil acidity factors on yield components and leaf composition of plantains and bananas were studied on two Ultisols and one Oxisol. Both crops were extremely tolerant to soil acidity factors on all soils. On the Ultisols, plantains produced similar yields although pH varied from 4.1 to 6.0, and exchangeable Al contents from 0 to over 70% of the cation exchange capacity. On the Oxisol, similar yields were produced when pH varied from 4.25 to 5.25, and exchangeable Al contents from 0 to 48%. Soil acidity did not affect bunch weight or number or weight of fruits. Foliar composition was not affected except that Ca content decreased as acidity of the Ultisols increased. Similarly, bananas produced high yields of marketable fruit at all levels of soil acidity and none of the yield components were affected by the soil acidity factors. Foliar composition was not affected except that Ca content decreased with increasing acidity.

scholarly journals Physiology of Methylotrophs Living in the Phyllosphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 809
Author(s):  
Hiroya Yurimoto ◽  
Kosuke Shiraishi ◽  
Yasuyoshi Sakai
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Methylotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Diurnal Cycles ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Increase Crop Yield

Methanol is abundant in the phyllosphere, the surface of the above-ground parts of plants, and its concentration oscillates diurnally. The phyllosphere is one of the major habitats for a group of microorganisms, the so-called methylotrophs, that utilize one-carbon (C1) compounds, such as methanol and methane, as their sole source of carbon and energy. Among phyllospheric microorganisms, methanol-utilizing methylotrophic bacteria, known as pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs (PPFMs), are the dominant colonizers of the phyllosphere, and some of them have recently been shown to have the ability to promote plant growth and increase crop yield. In addition to PPFMs, methanol-utilizing yeasts can proliferate and survive in the phyllosphere by using unique molecular and cellular mechanisms to adapt to the stressful phyllosphere environment. This review describes our current understanding of the physiology of methylotrophic bacteria and yeasts living in the phyllosphere where they are exposed to diurnal cycles of environmental conditions.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF YIELD AMONG DIFFERENT HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES OF WETLAND RICE

Agric ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Kiki Kusyaeri Hamdani ◽  
Yati Haryati
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Duncan Multiple Range Test ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Range Test ◽  
Better Than

New superior varieties (VUB) are a reliable technological innovation to increase rice productivity. This study aims to determine the yield potential of some lowland rice VUB. The assessment was carried out on land owned by a member of the Sumber Rejeki Farmer Group, Cintaratu Village, Lakbok District, Ciamis Regency at Dry Season II in June-September 2020. The study used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six varieties of treatment and was repeated ten times. The varieties tested were Inpari 32, Inpari 42, Padjadjaran, Cakrabuana, Inpari IR Nutrizinc, and Siliwangi varieties. The variables observed included the growth component, yield component, and yield component. Data were analyzed using the F test followedby the Duncan Multiple Range Test at the Q=5% level. In addition, a correlation test was conducted between the growth components, yield components, and yields. The results of the study indicated that the new superior rice varieties studied had different performance in growth, number of tillers, yield, and yield components. Inpari 42 variety produced the highest productivity, namely 6.88 ton ha-1 which was supported by the number of grains per panicle, percentage of filled grains per panicle, and percentage of empty grain per panicle which were better than other varieties. Plant height and number of grains per panicle were positively correlated with yield.

scholarly journals EXTRACTION, CLEAN-UP, AND HPLC DETECTION OF CARBARYL AND CARBOFURAN FROM CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea)

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iip Izul Falah
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Good Separation ◽  
Carbamate Pesticides ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Better Than

Carbaryl (1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate) and carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol-N-methylcarbamate) are very important N-methylcarbamate pesticides due to their high insecticide and nematocide effects, and widely used in vegetables plantations. The increasing use of carbamate pesticides poses a risk to human and environment. Thus, it is necessary to quantify their residue amount in food and vegetables to prevent harmful effect on animals, human and environment. This work was aimed to study of carbaryl and carbofuran analysis from fortified cabbage (Brassica oleracea) by liquid-liquid extraction, clean-up using SPE, followed by HPLC detection. Result of the work showed that detection of carbaryl using spectrophotometer detector at wavelength of 220 nm was better than at 230 and 280 nm, respectively. When the carbamates were extracted from cabbage using methanol, followed by liquid-liquid extraction using dichloromethane, cleaned-up with SPE-C18 and eluted by acetonitrile, the recovery was 96.8%. The detection by HPLC involved 4.6 x 25 mm, 5 µm C18 column, spectrophotometer detector at wavelength of 220 nm, and isocratic mobile phase at ratio of 35:65 of acetonitrile:aquabidest gave a good separation between co-extracted compounds and the carbamates.   Keywords: HPLC, carbaryl, carbofuran, extraction, clean-up

scholarly journals Crop Response to Soil Acidity Factors in Ultisols and Oxisols in Puerto Rico. XII. Tomatoes

1969 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-365
Author(s):  
Edmundo Rivera ◽  
José Rodríguez ◽  
Fernando Abruña
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Exchangeable Al

The effect of acidity factors of two Ultisols and one Oxisol on yield and foliar composition of tomatoes was determined. Yields were not markedly reduced by acidity in the Ultisols until pH dropped to around 4.6 with 45% Al saturation of the cation exchange capacity (CEC), and no yield was produced at about pH 4.1 and 80% Al saturation. In the Oxisol, tomato yields dropped steadily from 39.7 t/ha, when there was no exchangeable AI, to 17.5 t/ha at the highest level of acidity, pH 4.4 and 43% AI saturation. In all soils, yields were closely correlated with soil pH, exchangeable Al and Ca and Al/Ca.

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