scholarly journals Changes in selected physico-chemical properties of floodplain soils in three different land-use types after flooding

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
Ivan Suchara ◽  
Julie Sucharová ◽  
Marie Holá
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Organo Clay

This article provides information on selected physico-chemical properties, including soil colour, texture, electrical conductivity, pH<sub>H</sub>2O, pH<sub>CaCl</sub>2, content of total carbon and Q<sub>4/6</sub> quotient, of the topsoil and subsoil of former flood sediments at three diverse vegetation plots in a floodplain and in two reference plots unaffected by floods, and changes of some soil properties caused by a new subsequent flood. Aggradation of flood sediments in the area was controlled both by local terrain morphology and vegetation type cover. Differences in the properties of sediments in the individual plot types were caused by the different production of litter, root biomass and carbon cycling before the new flood. Vertical distributions and inventories of <sup>137</sup>Cs in soils revealed the position and proportion of modern sediments in soil profiles, man-made filling of former erosion grooves and ploughing depths. The new flood of a lower hydrological power aggraded a thin layer of organo-clay sediment on the soil surface but showed minor effects on the investigated soil properties. The lowest dry bulk density and highest total porosity values were found in the topsoil of woody and grassy plots after the flood implying no substantial break down of soil aggregates by the flood. The highest dry bulk density values in the subsoil of fields indicated soil compaction from agricultural machinery. No increased soil salinity was found after the flood. The flood did not significantly affect the pH<sub>H</sub>2O of the topsoil and subsoil; however, a significant increase in pH<sub>CaCl</sub>2 was found for the topsoil of grassy plots and for all topsoil samples from the park. No significant increases in total carbon (C<sub>tot</sub>) contents were found in topsoils of any plot types after the flood in spite of an accumulation of thin organo-clay material on the soil surface after the flood. However, significant increases in C<sub>tot</sub> in subsoils of all plot types indicate the vertical migration of colloidal and dissolved organic carbon in soils during the flood. C<sub>tot</sub> contents positively correlated with electrical conductivity values and negative correlated with pH values. The relatively minor changes in soil physico-chemical properties found after the flood can be explained by the short duration and small dynamic power of the flood, and the timing of sampling when the flood had receded and soil aeration was already being restored.

scholarly journals Changes in physico-chemical properties of paddy soil due to water and fertilizer management

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Israt Jahan ◽  
AKM Abul Ahsan ◽  
MMR Jahangir ◽  
Mahmud Hossain ◽  
Md Anwarul Abedin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Physico Chemical

Soil physico-chemical properties are an important phenomenon for sustainable crop production and maintenance of optimum soil health. Hence, a laboratory measurement was conducted with soil samples of three years long experimental field of the Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to assess the changes in five selected soil physico-chemical properties viz. soil texture, bulk density, soil pH, total nitrogen and organic matter. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with two water regimes (continuous flooding and alternate wetting & drying) in the main plots and five fertilizer treatments (N0 - control, N1- 140 kg N/ha as PU, N2- 104 kg N/ha as USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills), N3 - 5 t CD + PU @ 140 kg N /ha on IPNS basis and N4- 5 t CD + USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills @ 104 kg N/ha)) in the subplots under rice-rice cropping pattern with three replications. After three years, soil samples were collected at 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depths for measuring bulk density and at 0-10 cm depth for other soil properties and analyzed. Results found that % sand, % silt, % clay, bulk density and soil pH was not changed significantly compared to initial status. Percentage of total nitrogen and organic matter was significantly affected by irrigation and fertilization. Total nitrogen (%) was higher in AWD whereas organic matter (%) was higher in CF practice. The highest total nitrogen (%) and organic matter (%) was found in N4 treatment in which USG was applied in combination with cowdung as organic manure. It can be suggested that N4 treatment was formed good combination for sustaining chemical properties of soil. Further long- term experimentation will be needed to know the changes in soil properties for sustainable crop production and improving soil health. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (2), 65-71

scholarly journals Characterization of the existing soil management in relation to some selected physico-chemical properties at Bulehoraworeda, West guji zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenea Worku ◽  
Abdissa Debela ◽  
Diriba Shanko
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Surface Horizon ◽  
Physico Chemical

The study of soil physico-chemical properties were made on the soils of BuleHoraWoreda, WestGuji zone. The objective of the study was to characterize soil physical and chemical properties to assess the fertility status of the soils in the study areas. Soil profile pits at representative sites were described and soil samples were collected from each depth of 0-15 cm, 15 – 30 cm, and 30–60 cm depending on the root depth of the crop. Soil samples were collected from two different study areas for the determination of soil texture, bulk density, porosity, soil pH and electrical conductivity. The top layer (0-15 cm) has an average bulk density of 1.10 g/cm3, whereas the subsurface layer (15-30 and the bottom layer (30-60 cm) has an average bulk density of 1.16 g/cm3 and 1.26 g/cm3, respectively at the GuyyeKebele. The average value of bulk density 1.18 g/cm3, 1.29 g/cm3 and 1.39g/cm3 was recorded on the surface horizon (0-15 cm), subsurface horizon (15-30 cm) and the bottom horizon (30 - 60 cm) depth, respectively at BuleHora Farm. Accordingly, the highest (1.39 g/cm3) and the lowest (1.10 g/cm3) average bulk density values were recorded for BuleHoraand GuyyeKebele study Farm, respectively. The average highest porosity (58.48%) value was observed in the surface horizon (0 -15 cm) soil depth and the average lowest porosity value (52.11%) was observed in the bottom horizon (30 – 60 cm) depth at GuyyeKebele study Farm. The average porosity value of the soils in BuleHora study Farm were recorded 55.27%, 52.39% and 47.63% for the surface horizon (0 -15 cm), sub surface horizon ( 15 –30 cm) and bottom horizon (30 – 60 cm) depth , respectively. The soil textural class was changed with depth from sandy clay in surface horizon (0-15 cm) to clay in both sub surface horizon (15- 30 cm) and bottom horizon (30-60 cm) at GuyyeKebele. The pH value was observed on the soils of the GuyyeKebele study area increased from 6.08 at surface horizon (0 – 15 cm) to 6.27 at the sub surface horizon (15- 30 cm) and then slightly decreased to 6.21 at the bottom horizon (30-60 cm) of the soil depth. Lowest soil pH value (5.44) was measured in the surface horizon (0 –15 cm) and the highest pH value (6.09) was observed in bottom horizon (30-60 cm) soil depth at BuleHora farm. The electrical conductivity of the saturated soil paste extracts of the study area was low (ranging from 0.0387 to 0.1587 dS m-1) throughout the profile showing no significant accumulation of soluble salts to convert the soil to saline soil.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 7 (2): 43-48, December, 2017

Dynamics in physico–chemical properties of soils under oil palm plantations of different ages

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Olufemi Adewale Osinuga
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils

This research investigated the changes in the physicochemical properties of soils under oil palm plantations of different ages. Soil surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40 cm) samples have been obtained from various ages of oil palm plantations (0-5, 5-10, 10-15 and, 15-20 years). Two distinct samples were taken on the same farm, under alleys and heaped pruned fronds. Soil samples used as a standard (control) were collected from adjacent forest land. Analyses of particle size showed that the soils were sandy loam to sandy clay loam texture soils. Bulk density was low to moderate (0.93 – 1.25 g/cm3), and varied with age and depth. The soils were moderate to neutral pH (5.38 – 6.81), low to moderate organic carbon (11.6 – 21.7 g/kg) and total nitrogen (1.18 – 2.03 g/kg), and relatively low available phosphorus (4.43 – 6.21 mg/kg) contents. Based on the standard ratings, cation exchangeable capacity content was low (4.93 – 6.15 cmol/kg), while high percent base saturation (85.3 – 93.2%) was observed. The soil properties determined showed that soil nutrients under alleys fluctuated with age whiles that under heaped fronds increased. Research findings have shown that the soil properties of different ages of oil palm plantations vary and should be handled differently based on their characteristics. Accumulation of organic residue on the floor of the plantations should be encouraged as this will help increase organic matter levels.

A New Method of Producing Carbon Anode by High-Temperature Mould Pressing

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 611-616
Author(s):  
Yao Wu Wang ◽  
Nai Xiang Feng ◽  
Jing You
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
New Method ◽  
Carbon Anode ◽  
Crushing Strength ◽  
Industrial Carbon ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Carbon Anodes

Laboratory-scale carbon anodes were produced by a new method of high-temperature mould pressing, and their physico-chemical properties were studied in laboratory. The results showed that the bulk density of carbon anodes produced by high-temperature mould pressing are 1.61-1.63g/cm3, they are higher than industrial carbon anode by 0.06 g/cm3, but the specific electrical resistance is higher and crushing strength is lower.

scholarly journals Comparison among Different Rewetting Strategies of Degraded Agricultural Peaty Soils: Short-Term Effects on Chemical Properties and Ecoenzymatic Activities

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1084
Author(s):  
Vittoria Giannini ◽  
Eleonora Peruzzi ◽  
Grazia Masciandaro ◽  
Serena Doni ◽  
Cristina Macci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peat Soil ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Total Carbon Content ◽  
Peatland Restoration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wetland System ◽  
Set Up

In 2013, a pilot experimental field of about 15 ha was set up within the basin of Lake Massaciuccoli (Tuscany, Italy) in order to compare different management strategies—a paludicultural system (PCS), a constructed wetland system (CWS), a nearly-natural wetland system (NWS)—for peatland restoration after almost a century of drainage-based agricultural use (CS). After five years, changes in peat soil quality were investigated from a chemical, biochemical, and ecoenzymatic perspective. The soil in CS was mainly characterized by oxidant conditions, higher content of overall microbial activity, low levels of easily available phosphorus for vegetation, and medium total carbon content ranging from 25.0% to 30.7%. In PCS, the levels of total carbon and the content of bioavailable P were higher, while the oxidant conditions were lower compared to the other systems. As expected, the soils in CWS and NWS were characterized by the most reduced conditions and by the highest levels of arylsulphatase activity. It was noteworthy that soils in the NWS systems were characterized by the highest level of nonavailable P. Outputs from ecoenzymatic activity confirmed the physico-chemical and biochemical results.

scholarly journals Effects of deforestation on the properties of soil of Sal forests in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zabed Hossain ◽  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
Chaman Binta Aziz ◽  
Sirajul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sal Forest

This study examined the effect of deforestation on the soil properties (physico-chemical and bacterial) of the Sal (Shorea robusta Roxb. Ex Gaertn.) forests in Bangladesh. Physico-chemical properties and the bacterial colony counts of soil were studied by comparing a natural Sal forest site with deforested and planted with Menjium site, deforested and planted with Mahogoni site, as well as deforested but not planted but covered with profuse growth of Axonopus compressus grass species site. Moisture content was significantly lower in the deforested and planted with Menjium site and deforested and planted with Mahogoni site than the natural forest site and the deforested but not planted site. Total organic carbon, total nitrogen and available nitrogen contents were significantly lower in the natural forest site. Significantly higher number of bacterial colony and higher organic carbon and moisture contents were found in the deforested but not planted site indicating that both organic carbon and moisture content were important for microbial growth. The present study clearly showed that deforestation significantly altered the soil physico-chemical and bacterial communities of the Sal forests. It was also revealed that plantation with different exotic plants were found to be different in influencing soil properties. Key words: Bacterial colony; Deforestation effects; Sal forest; Soil physico-chemical properties DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i1.8945 DUJBS 2010; 19(1): 63-72

scholarly journals Diagnostics of boron deficiency for plants in reference to boron concentration in the soil solution  

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Szulc ◽  
B. Rutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Solution ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Boron Deficiency ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Cultivated Soils

The determination of a range of boron concentration in the soil solution, evaluation of the effect of physico-chemical soil properties on boron concentration in the soil solution as well verification whether boron quantity in the soil solution is sufficient for nutritional needs of selected plants cultivated in Poland were comprised. Average boron concentration in the soil solution of Poland&rsquo;s cultivated soils ranges from 0.59 to 5.07 &micro;mol/L and is differentiated by physico-chemical properties of soil. Taking into account decreasing effects of soil properties on the increase of boron concentration in the soil solution, the soil properties can be arranged as follows: organic C &gt;<br />soil abundance in available boron &gt; soil texture &gt; soil pH. The minimum boron quantity observed in the soil solution of Poland&rsquo;s cultivated soils was not sufficient to fulfil nutritional needs of the plants. The maximum boron quantity observed secured nutritional needs of cereals and potatoes but not those of rape plants and sugar beets. Based on the study it can be concluded that the measurement of the concentration of boron in the soil solution can be used in the diagnosis of deficiency of this element for crops.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF AGRO-ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS ON SOIL EROSION PROCESSES AND SOIL PROPERTIES ON HILLY LANDSCAPE IN WESTERN LITHUANIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintaras JARAŠIŪNAS ◽  
Irena KINDERIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of different land use systems on soil erosion rates, surface evolution processes and physico-chemical properties on a moraine hilly topography in Lithuania. The soil of the experimental site is Bathihypogleyi – Eutric Albeluvisols (abe–gld–w) whose texture is a sandy loam. After a 27-year use of different land conservation systems, three critical slope segments (slightly eroded, active erosion and accumulation) were formed. Soil physical properties of the soil texture and particle sizes distribution were examined. Chemical properties analysed for were soil ph, available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N). We estimated the variation in thickness of the soil Ap horizon and soil physico-chemical properties prone to a sustained erosion process. During the study period (2010–2012) water erosion occurred under the grain– grass and grass–grain crop rotations, at rates of 1.38 and 0.11 m3 ha–1 yr–1, respectively. Soil exhumed due to erosion from elevated positions accumulated in the slope bottom. As a result, topographic transfiguration of hills and changes in soil properties occurred. However, the accumulation segments of slopes had significantly higher silt/clay ratios and SOC content. In the active erosion segments a lighter soil texture and lower soil ph were recorded. Only long-term grassland completely stopped soil erosion effects; therefore geomorphologic change and degradation of hills was estimated there as minimal.

INFLUENCE OF ALUMINUM ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LITHIUM IRON PHOSPHATE

2011 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
MUNEHIRO KIMURA ◽  
KONRAD ŚWIERCZEK ◽  
JACEK MARZEC ◽  
JANINA MOLENDA
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies ◽  
Initial Results

In this work we present results of measurements of structural (XRD), microstructural (SEM, EDX, TEM) and transport (electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient) properties as well as results of Mössbauer and FTIR spectroscopy studies of phospho-olivine materials with assumed chemical composition Li 1-3x Al x FePO 4 (x = 0, 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05 and 0.1). Based on the performed research, possibility of lithium sublattice doping by Al is discussed. Additionally, initial results of electrochemical tests of lithium batteries with obtained, phospho-olivine based cathode materials are provided.

Analysis of Teos Silicon Dioxide: The Identification of Carbonatious Contaminants

1997 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Pereira Da Silva ◽  
A. Romanelli Cardoso ◽  
J. J. Santiago-Aviles
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Total Carbon Content ◽  
Raman Scattering Spectroscopy ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Organometallic Precursors ◽  
Deposited Films

ABSTRACTThis work presents the analysis performed on a SiO2 film deposited from organometallic precursors with the aim of correlating their physico-chemical properties including electrical characteristics with processing variables. The characterization tools used in this study included SEM for film homogeneity; SIMS for the determination of total carbon content; FT-MS and Raman scattering spectroscopy for surface characterization. GC-MS was used to understand the electrochemical reactions taking place while performing I-V characteristics measurements.The use of these multiple characterization techniques pointed out to deposited films with reasonable deposition characteristics but poor electrical ones. Phase segregated heterogeneity's rich in carbonatious residues influenced the degradation of the electrical characteristics.

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