scholarly journals Sanitary conditions diagnosis in vulnerable communities in the City of Recife and its influence on Covid-19 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gérsica Moraes Nogueira da Silva ◽  
Athos Farias Menezes ◽  
Maria do Carmo Sobral
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Significant Deficit ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

The Covid-19 pandemic calls into question deficiencies in current public policies and infrastructure of basic services to the population in large urban centers. From health systems, environmental sanitation and social protection, particularly for the low-income population, this opens the debate of the values and priorities at different scales. The research study area are subnormal settlements located in the neighborhoods of Pina and Brasília Teimosa in the Metropolitan Region of Recife. The aim was to assess the sanitary conditions in ZEIS, by conducting semi-structured interviews and assessing secondary data. Among the interviewees, only 56.3% said they had sanitary sewage collection and another 74.4% (n=1041) had access to water supply by Compesa, showing a significant deficit in the provision of basic services. With the pandemic, the necessary production of detailed empirical field data from the perspective of the peripheries faces great scientific challenges. Ensuring access to ideal sanitary conditions is a right for all and is related in an integrated way to multiple SDGs of the 2030 agenda. Demanding safe, adequate and affordable housing, and inclusive and sustainable urbanization, with capacity for planning and management of participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlements.

scholarly journals Challenges and Supports to Aging in Place in a Gentrifying Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 873-873
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Laura Richman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Aging In Place ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Neighborhood Change ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Age In Place

Abstract Neighborhoods play a central role in healthy aging, with changes to neighborhoods having a profound impact on older adults’ ability to age in place. Using gentrification as an indicator of neighborhood change and applying the theoretical framework of the Environmental Press model (Lawton and Nahemow, 1973), this study examined the relationship between changing environments, affordable housing, and environmental attributes that support and hinder the health and well-being of older adults. A qualitative, case-study approach was used to interview low-income, majority Black older adults in a gentrifying area of Washington DC. 32 individuals (16 in non-profit and 16 in for-profit affordable housing) aged 55 and older participated in semi-structured interviews on perceptions of gentrification, neighborhood change, and challenges and supports to aging in place. Transcripts were then analyzed using the framework method of analysis. Although participants generally reported that gentrification improved their neighborhood’s built environment, many attributed it to a decline in social capital. Affordable housing provided an ability to age in place, though participants expressed uncertainty over their long-term ability to age in the context of continuing change. These findings suggest that while the physical changes accompanying gentrification may support older adults’ ability to age in place, its detrimental impact on social capital further increases their risk for social isolation. While affordable housing may enable older adults to age in place, fostering a greater sense of permanence and well-being will require additional policies that both increase accessibility to the physical amenities provided by gentrification and preserve older adults’ social capital.

scholarly journals Gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos: análise de indicadores de sustentabilidade na região metropolitana de Fortaleza, Ceará

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-239
Author(s):  
Jackeline Lucas Souza ◽  
Paulo Henrique Nobre Parente
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Urban Solid Waste ◽  
Research Show

Public managers, increasingly, due to concern about the sustainability of urban centers, are adopting public policies focused on improving the environment and quality of life. In this context, the study aims to analyze the level of sustainability of urban solid waste management in the metropolitan region of Fortaleza. Therefore, an exploratory study was conducted, with descriptive approach, whose data collection was performed through the application of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, based on the Matrix of Sustainability Indicators proposed by Santiago and Dias (2012). The results of the research show that the municipalities of the metropolitan region of Fortaleza present, in their highest representativeness, medium-low levels of sustainability. Thus, it is concluded that, in fact, municipalities present incipient practices regarding the search for sustainability of the management of municipal solid waste, from the frequent context of excessive generation and inadequate disposal of solid waste.

Managing change at Urban Affordable Housing

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-478
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Mazzei ◽  
Charles M. Carson
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type

Synopsis Urban Affordable Housing (UAH) Inc. was a real estate asset management syndication firm that sponsored affordable housing to low-income families and seniors across the USA. The case examines the firm’s management of an internal information technology (IT) change initiative. The case follows the firm’s recently hired IT manager, Anthony Bryant, as he works to change a culture while acquiring resources and acceptance for the project he was hired to oversee. Bryant deals with numerous changing priorities, inadequate sponsorship, resistance from various levels, and a dearth of resources as he struggles to get the organization to complete an overdue database conversion. Research methodology This case is based upon the firsthand experiences of the lead author over a seven-year period while working at UAH. Measures have been taken to disguise the firm’s identity, including using a pseudonym, fictitious names for firm employees, a fictitious location, and the alteration of key dates. Key elements of the case have been constructed around semi-structured interviews and the review of archival documentation. Most quotes are verbatim in an attempt to preserve their authenticity, and were drawn from the semi-structured interviews and from historical accounts of actual occurrences and conversations. Relevant courses and levels The UAH case is multi-faceted, as it can be used in a number of environments amid a business school curriculum. A primary use is likely in a course revolving around organizational change and development. It might also be featured as part of the organizational change component in a course on organizational behavior, used to illustrate and analyze organizational culture and change leadership. Furthermore, the case could be used for change-related topics in management information systems or project management courses. The authors suggest the case be assigned at the graduate level, though it could also be suitable for an advanced undergraduate class. Theoretical bases Critical knowledge for successfully analyzing this case includes the following concepts: the change process (Lewin, 1951); leading change (Kotter, 1996); resistance to change (Kegan and Lahey, 2001); and communicating change (Armenakis and Harris, 2002).

scholarly journals Health and Housing for Urban Poor in India Post Covid-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-216
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
To Come ◽  
Sufficient Space

The COVID-19 pandemic has built a troublesome new standard for everybody through shelter-in-place systems and physical and social distancing guidelines. Yet for billions of urban underprivileged, certain guidelines aren’t merely troublesome; they’re radically impracticable. Social and physical distancing is a severely significant acknowledgement to the pandemic COVID-19 however, it additionally implies that occupants must have sufficient space, services and social security nets to sustain such an order. It is candidly not the fact over cities in Asia, Latin America and Africa. Health facilities and services are deficient in terms of the transition from state to local level causing negligence of slum areas at global to micro-level. These dwellers of slums area accustomed to unhygienic and un-sanitized environment much on a regular basis. Majority of slums are vastly located near urban centers i.e. in and around in economically less developed countries, experiencing urbanization at a greater rate compared to more developed countries. Many countries often lack the ability to provide infrastructure like roads, affordable housing, basic services like water, sanitation etc., sufficiently for in-fluxing people in the cities due to urbanization creating a big concern for the country. Health policies need to consider equity and social justice for urban poor in order to equally uplift them in the society. The paper deals with the issues faced by the urban poor in India and the programs and policies that had been issued over time during the past which could not suffice to positively impact the downfalls of these people. The paper also highlights the health conditions of these urban poor and the areas where it has been lacking behind. The pandemic has caused the nation to come to a halt but the urban poor having no such privilege to comply with the situation are forced to thrive in degrading conditions. The research paper will help figure out trigger areas for downfall of these inhabitants of the nation and formulate strategies to counteract the same in post COVID-19 situation

scholarly journals An Exploration of the Unintended Consequences of Performance-Based Financing in 6 Primary Healthcare Facilities in Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Turcotte-Tremblay ◽  
Idriss Ali Gali Gali ◽  
Valéry Ridde
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Performance Based Financing

Background: Performance-based financing (PBF) is promoted to improve the quality and quantity of healthcare services in low-income countries. Despite the complexity of the intervention, little attention has been given to studying its unintended consequences. Our objective is to increase evidence on the unintended consequences of PBF in Burkina Faso. Methods: Using the diffusion of innovations theory, we conducted a multiple case study. The cases were 6 healthcare facilities in two districts. Between April 2015 and 2016, we collected data through 101 semi-structured interviews, discussions, observations, and documents. We conducted thematic analysis using a hybrid deductive-inductive approach. Secondary data was used to illustrate the evolution of reported services. We conducted a cross-case synthesis to identify the results arising independently from more than 1 case. Results: A desirable unintended consequence of PBF was that 3 facilities limited the sale of non-prescribed medication to encourage patients to consult. Undesirable unintended consequences were found in the majority of facilities including fixation on measures rather than on underlying objectives, the pursuit of narrow and less relevant performance indicators, gaming, and teaching trainees improper practices. Providers in all facilities deliberately manipulated medical registers and documents, such that the reported quantity and quality of care differed from what was actually delivered. While most participants indicated that PBF was more advantageous than previous practices, the long payment delays were a source of dissatisfaction and demotivation across all facilities. Dissatisfaction also emerged in relation to the distribution of subsidies and the non-attribution of quality points for services delivered by certain staff considered "unqualified" in guidelines. Results in many facilities revealed suboptimal planning, a perception of the intervention as "budgetivorous," as well as tensions related to the principle of managerial autonomy. Conclusion: PBF led to numerous unintended consequences that could undermine the intervention’s effectiveness. The findings contribute to a more comprehensive picture of the consequences of implementing PBF. Policy-makers can use the results of this study to devise effective strategies before, during and after the implementation of the intervention to minimize undesirable unintended consequences and promote desirable ones.

scholarly journals Financing affordable housing in Niger State of Nigeria through commercial banks : trend, issues and future directions

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Bassey Udoekanem Namnso
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Housing Finance ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Property Market

This study explored the trend in interest rates on real estate loans granted by commercial banks in Nigeria. Primary data used for the study were collected from selected real estate firms in Minna, the capital of Niger State of Nigeria, which are active in the residential property market in the city. The secondary data were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). Results of data analysis revealed that variation in interest rates on real estate loans granted by commercial banks in Nigeria in the past three years was statistically significant at 0.05 level ofsignificance, an indication that interest rates on real estate loans granted by commercial banks in the country did not follow a similar trend. The paper examined the implications ofthis trend on affordable housing finance in Niger State of Nigeria and argues that more than 90 per cent of the households in Niger State could not afford real estate loans granted by commercial banks for housing development and acquisition in the area at the current interest rates. The paper concluded that greater involvement ofthe government at all levels in the provision of long-term real estate credit at affordable interest rates is necessary if housing finance to be made affordable for the low-income groups in Niger State, Nigeria.

The Unheard Stories of the Sidewalk Vendors of Tagbilaran City, Bohol, Philippines

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto O. Golosino
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
The Real ◽  
Contested Space ◽  
Key Informant Interview

Due to the unequal distribution of economic growth, the urban centers outrun the rural areas in terms of progress. This picture allures many of the low income individuals to congregate to the cities and urban hubs in search of quick money. Because of the mismatch between demand and supply of labor, they ended up becoming new entrants to the informal sector and conquer the sidewalks to earn a living. Their presence was ignored until contested space became an issue. Without their intentions, their encroachment on the roads and sidewalks created rivalry in terms of resource utilization. To assess the real score of the issue, this research was undertaken. It involves a combination of opinion survey, key informant interview and secondary data. It attempts to approach the issue in terms of political/legal, social and economic frameworks. The results indicated that street vending becomes a trade of people with no economic recourse. Politicians accord on and off if not whimsical mode of addressing the problems. Indeed, sidewalk vendors are not the real problem but only an index of a more sophisticated social imbalance. It is recommended that local government units must act swiftly in designing an effective intervention program. Keywords - unheard stories, sidewalk vendors, Tagbilaran City

scholarly journals Shining Light and Creating Solutions: Health and Social Needs of Older Affordable Housing Residents

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 685-685
Author(s):  
Lori Simon-Rusinowitz ◽  
C Daniel Mullins ◽  
Karen Morales ◽  
Rodney Elliott ◽  
Constance Raab
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Health And Social Services ◽  
Community Advisory Group

Abstract Aging within a community requires access to health and social services. This project lays the groundwork for an innovative, three-part health and social services intervention intended to improve the health and well-being of older affordable housing residents in a low-income, vulnerable Baltimore neighborhood. We will report on the first part, an assessment of residents’ unmet health and social service needs and their ideas for meeting these needs. With guidance from a community advisory group of older residents (a key program component), we are conducting structured interviews with 50 elders to identify residents’ needs and interests. These findings will inform the next project segments: Part 2- exploring how the Village model (in which neighbors identify and offer needed services to help their neighbors age within a community) can be adapted for an affordable housing setting, and Part 3- adapting an evidence-based housing-plus-services model to meet older residents’ unmet needs.

scholarly journals Money is Easy in Paracale: Small-scale Miners' Perceptions, Strategies, and Modes of Spending and Consumption in Relation to Variable Income

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Saturay
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Production Strategies ◽  
Economic Risks

The study deals with how small-scale miners in Paracale handle and spend their income in relation to occupational conditions, especially the variable income. The research was conducted among the underground small-scale miners in Paracale, Camarines Norte, Philippines. The study mainly employed participant observation among four mining workgroups; semi-structured interviews among individual miners and other key research participants; and collection of secondary data. Study showed that mining operations are economically and technologically limited. These limitations are addressed by employing various production strategies that manage economic risks. Further, risks appear to be more calculable from the miners' perspective. The SSM income is variable and difficult to predict, both in terms of amount and tempo. Variable income entails adoption of flexible modes of spending and consumptiion snd employment of various strategies to survive the periods of low income. There are several categories of expenses, which include the regular expenses; future-oriented expenses; and leisure-related expenses. The study also confirmed the phenomenon of lavish spending among miners, which was influenced by perceptions of abundance. Strategies employed by miners in relation to variable income may be lumped intro two categories, namely: the income-generating strategies snd the spending and consumotion strategies.

scholarly journals KOMPLEMENTER DAN REDUKSI KOMPETISI DALAM KETERKAITAN FUNGSIONAL DUA PUSAT RUANG PERKOTAAN DI KOTA JAYAPURA

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Alfini Baharuddin ◽  
Bambang Hari Wibisono
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Unique Character

Jayapura City is the capital of Papua Province, located at the eastern end of Indonesia and has a direct borders with neighboring countries, Papua New Guinea (PNG). The geographical conditions of Jayapura City are very diverse leads to the formation of separate urban centers. Currently there are two parts of urban centers in Jayapura City, known as Jayapura and Abepura. This situation gave rise to a unique character in the overall system of Jayapura City, so it is necessary to examine how the two urban centers interact in Jayapura City. This study aims to assess the functional linkages that occur between Jayapura and Abepura using the case study method. Data collected through direct observation, secondary data collection and structured interviews using a questionnaire. The results showed that the functional linkages that occurred between Jayapura and Abepura are complementary functions of their natural advantages, and functions that are homogeneous but did not compete in the provision of economic and public service. In this case, the functions homogeneous appearing not cause competition, resulting in a reduction of competition.

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