scholarly journals Myelitis Presenting Anti-Yo Antibody in a Patient with Prostatic Adenocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-317
Author(s):  
Chang-Min Lee
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Prostatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Gynecological Tumors ◽  
Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndrome ◽  
First Case ◽  
Uncommon Condition ◽  
Paraneoplastic Neurologic Syndromes ◽  
Author Report

Antineuronal antibody-associated paraneoplastic neurologic syndromes result from tumor-stimulated autoimmune attacks against components of the nervous system. Paraneoplastic myelopathy associated with Purkinje-cell cytoplasmic autoantibody type 1 (anti-Yo) is extremely rare disorder. It is almost exclusively reported in women with gynecological tumors. Even though few cases of anti-Yo-associated paraneoplastic neurologic syndrome related to other cancers are reported, it is a very uncommon condition, especially in males. The author report here the first case of anti-Yo myelopathy with prostatic adenocarcinoma.

scholarly journals Non-Oncological Neuroradiological Manifestations in NF1 and Their Clinical Implications

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1831
Author(s):  
Camilla Russo ◽  
Carmela Russo ◽  
Daniele Cascone ◽  
Federica Mazio ◽  
Claudia Santoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Protein ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Nf1 Gene ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), the most frequent phakomatosis and one of the most common inherited tumor predisposition syndromes, is characterized by several manifestations that pervasively involve central and peripheral nervous system structures. The disorder is due to mutations in the NF1 gene, which encodes for the ubiquitous tumor suppressor protein neurofibromin; neurofibromin is highly expressed in neural crest derived tissues, where it plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and structural organization. This review article aims to provide an overview on NF1 non-neoplastic manifestations of neuroradiological interest, involving both the central nervous system and spine. We also briefly review the most recent MRI functional findings in NF1.

Central nervous system malformations in oral-facial-digital syndrome, type 1

2005 ◽  
Vol 136A (2) ◽  
pp. 218-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margareta Holub ◽  
Lorraine Potocki ◽  
Olaf A. Bodamer
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Syndrome Type

BRAIN TUMORS IN INFANCY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-363
Author(s):  
I. WALLACE LEIBNER
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Full Recovery ◽  
The Other ◽  
Congenital Hydrocephalus ◽  
First Case ◽  
Clinical Patterns

Seven cases of brain tumors occurring in infants are presented. Six occurred in males and one was in a female. Three of them arose in the cerebellum while the other four were supratentorial. The tumors included two medulloblastomas, one [See Table II in Source Pdf] spongioblastoma polare, one ependymoma, one astrocytoma and one hemangioblastoma. The seventh case probably was also one of medulloblastoma. One of the proven medulloblastomas was supratentorial, which is unusual so faras location is concerned. The hemangioblastoma arose in the cerebrum. The location of this tumor is also a rare one and to my knowledge, it is the first case of its type reported in an infant in whom full recovery occurred following removal of the tumor. The diagnosis was unsuspected in four cases. Three of these infants were believed to be suffering from congenital hydrocephalus while the fourth was thought to be afflicted with encephalitis. The ways in which the correct diagnosis might have been made are discussed. Since bizarre clinical patterns are sometimes produced by brain tumors in infants and the diagnosis frequently overlooked, the possibility should be kept in mind by the pediatrician in considering the differential diagnosis of conditions producing signs referable to the nervous system.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 with subarachnoid haemorrhage from the left vertebral arteriovenous fistula: case presentation and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e239880
Author(s):  
Toshinori Nishizawa ◽  
Takahiro Tsuchiya ◽  
Yoshihiro Terasawa ◽  
Yasuhiro Osugi
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Epidural Haematoma ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Vertebral Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
First Case

We present the case of a 47-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) from the left vertebral arteriovenous fistula, along with a review of previous cases. Our patient had a family history of NF1 and presented to the emergency department with a sudden-onset severe headache and neck pain. CT scan showed SAH. CT angiography revealed a left vertebral arteriovenous fistula and an epidural haematoma. She underwent direct surgery and was discharged without neurologic deficits. To our knowledge, this is the first case of SAH caused by perimedullary drainage of a vertebral arteriovenous fistula associated with NF1. In a literature search, we identified 40 cases of vertebral arteriovenous fistula associated with NF1. The majority of vertebral arteriovenous fistulas occurred on the left side and in women. Patients with vertebral arteriovenous fistula typically experience neck pain, radiculopathy, radiculomyelopathy and bruits.

scholarly journals Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 RNA Detected in the Central Nervous System (CNS) After Years of Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy Can Originate from a Replicating CNS Reservoir or Clonally Expanded Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1345-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah B Joseph ◽  
Laura P Kincer ◽  
Natalie M Bowman ◽  
Chris Evans ◽  
Michael J Vinikoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Csf Escape

Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) populations are detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of some people on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Detailed analysis of these populations may reveal whether they are produced by central nervous system (CNS) reservoirs. Methods We performed a study of 101 asymptomatic participants on stable ART. HIV-1 RNA concentrations were cross-sectionally measured in CSF and plasma. In participants with CSF HIV-1 RNA concentrations sufficient for analysis, viral populations were genetically and phenotypically characterized over multiple time points. Results For 6% of participants (6 of 101), the concentration of HIV-1 RNA in their CSF was ≥0.5 log copies/mL above that of plasma (ie, CSF escape). We generated viral envelope sequences from CSF of 3 participants. One had a persistent CSF escape population that was macrophage-tropic, partially drug resistant, genetically diverse, and closely related to a minor macrophage-tropic lineage present in the blood prior to viral suppression and enriched for after ART. Two participants (1 suppressed and 1 not) had transient CSF escape populations that were R5 T cell-tropic with little genetic diversity. Conclusions Extensive analysis of viral populations in 1 participant revealed that CSF escape was from a persistently replicating population, likely in macrophages/microglia, present in the CNS over 3 years of ART. CSF escape in 2 other participants was likely produced by trafficking and transient expansion of infected T cells in the CNS. Our results show that CNS reservoirs can persist during ART and that CSF escape is not exclusively produced by replicating CNS reservoirs.

scholarly journals Sudden Cause of Cardiac Death—Be Aware of Me: A Case Report and Short Review on Brugada Syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagadeesh K. Kalavakunta ◽  
Vishwaroop Bantu ◽  
Hemasri Tokala ◽  
Mihas Kodenchery
Keyword(s):  
Brugada Syndrome ◽  
Past History ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
First Case ◽  
St Segment ◽  
The Right ◽  
Malignant Arrhythmias

Introduction. Brugada syndrome accounts for about 4% of sudden cardiac deaths (SCD). It is characterized by an ST-segment elevation in the right precordial electrocardiogram (EKG) leads.Case Presentation. We describe a 39-year-old healthy Caucasian man who was admitted to the intensive care unit after being cardioverted from ventricular fibrillation (VF) arrest. His past history was significant for an episode of syncope one month prior to this presentation for which he was admitted to an outlying hospital. EKG during that admission showed ST elevations in V1 and V2 leads, a pattern similar to Type 1 Brugada. A diagnosis of Brugada syndrome was missed and the patient had a cardiac arrest a month later. We discuss a short review of Brugada syndrome and emphasize the need to look for it in patients presenting with SCD and malignant arrhythmias.Conclusion. Physicians should always consider Brugada syndrome in the differential diagnosis of ST-segment elevation in anterior precordial leads of EKG and associated VT/VF. Although more than 17 years have passed since the first case was reported, increased awareness of this syndrome is needed to identify patients with EKG changes and treat them accordingly to prevent incidence of (SCD) and its deleterious complications.

Neuronal calcium channel autoantibodies coexisting with type 1 Purkinje cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies (PCA-1 or "anti-Yo")

Neurology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
K. Tanaka ◽  
M. Motomura ◽  
Y. Nakao ◽  
M. Tanaka ◽  
S. Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Purkinje Cell ◽  
Calcium Channel ◽  
Neuronal Calcium Channel

scholarly journals Old Solutions for New Troubles in Complications after Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. e25-e28
Author(s):  
German Fortunato ◽  
Guillermo Stöger ◽  
Ricardo Marenchino ◽  
Vadim Kotowicz
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair ◽  
Endovascular Aortic Repair ◽  
Type B ◽  
Ascending Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Endovascular Stent Graft ◽  
Aortic Repair ◽  
First Case ◽  
Type B Dissection

Background The authors present two cases with type B aortic dissection initially treated by endovascular stent graft who developed aortic complications posttreatment and required surgical treatment. Case Description A 50-year-old woman and a 65-year-old man underwent endovascular treatment for thoracic aortic aneurysm associated with type B dissection and —both of them evolved with endoleak type 1. The first case was related to aortobronchial fistula, and the second one was associated with ascending aortic aneurysm. An extra-anatomical ascending aorta-supraceliac aorta bypass grafting was decided due to the persistent leak. Conclusion Surgery is an excellent choice for complex complications after thoracic endovascular aortic repair with previous failed attempts of endovascular resolution.

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